Test Bank for Psychopathology An Integrative Approach to
Understanding, Assessing, and Treating Psychological Disorders
7th Edition
sex chromosome - determines the individuals gender, and is the last pair after the the
first 22. In females, they have two X chromosomes, and males have an X and Y
chromosome, with the Y coming from the father.
DNA molecules containing genes have what structure... - double helix
X chromosome has how many base pairs - 160 million
Defective gene - happens when something is wrong in the ordering of the molecules in
the double helix
dominant gene - member of a gene pair that controls the appearance of a certain trait
recessive gene - gene that is paired with the _______ ___ to determine a trait.
polygenic - describes a characteristic that is influenced by many genes (behaviour, IQ,
personality, etc)
genome - the complete genetic material contained in an individual
diathesis-stress model - suggests that a person may be predisposed for a mental
disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by a stressor
diathesis or vulnerability - vulnerability or predisposition to developing a disorder
multidimensional integrative approach - approach to the study of psychopathology that
holds psychological disorders as always being the products of multiple interacting
causal factors.
Psychological, Emotional, social/interpersonal, and developmental influences.
genes - very long molecules of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) at various locations on
chromosomes within the cell nucleus.
,sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait (hair colour, eye
colour, height, weight).
, Each human cell has... - 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs, in each pair, one
chromosome comes from father and one from mother.
first 22 pairs of chromosomes ... - provide the programs for the development of the body
and brain,
individuals who had two copies of the long alleles (LL)... - coped with stress better than
the individuals with two copies of the short alleles (SS)
reciprocal gene-environment model - hypothesis that people with a genetic
predisposition for a disorder may also have a genetic tendency to create environmental
risk factors that promote the disorder.
cross-fostering - Moving young from their mother and placing them with another female
for rearing
epigenetics - the study of how certain experiences effect genes. how these genes'
switches are either turned on or off, thereby altering gene expression.
*understand*
neuroscience - The study of how the nervous system and brain work in order to
understand our behaviour, emotions, and cognitive processes.
central nervous system - consists of the brain and spinal cord, it sorts out what is
observances/reactions are relevant to what isnt. it facilitates the sending of messages to
and from the brain.
neurons - the brain uses 140 billion of these nerve cells to control our every thought and
action.
neurons are made up of... - -dendrites- that have receptors (receives never impulses
and transforms them to electrical impulses)
-axons
synaptic cleft - space between two connecting neurons (the axon of one, and the
dendrite of another) where neurotransmitters are released
different types of neurotransmitters - norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
serotonin
dopamine
gama aminobutyric acid (GABA)
brain stem - Part of the brain that controls involuntary actions, such as breathing,
sleeping and moving around.
Understanding, Assessing, and Treating Psychological Disorders
7th Edition
sex chromosome - determines the individuals gender, and is the last pair after the the
first 22. In females, they have two X chromosomes, and males have an X and Y
chromosome, with the Y coming from the father.
DNA molecules containing genes have what structure... - double helix
X chromosome has how many base pairs - 160 million
Defective gene - happens when something is wrong in the ordering of the molecules in
the double helix
dominant gene - member of a gene pair that controls the appearance of a certain trait
recessive gene - gene that is paired with the _______ ___ to determine a trait.
polygenic - describes a characteristic that is influenced by many genes (behaviour, IQ,
personality, etc)
genome - the complete genetic material contained in an individual
diathesis-stress model - suggests that a person may be predisposed for a mental
disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by a stressor
diathesis or vulnerability - vulnerability or predisposition to developing a disorder
multidimensional integrative approach - approach to the study of psychopathology that
holds psychological disorders as always being the products of multiple interacting
causal factors.
Psychological, Emotional, social/interpersonal, and developmental influences.
genes - very long molecules of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) at various locations on
chromosomes within the cell nucleus.
,sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait (hair colour, eye
colour, height, weight).
, Each human cell has... - 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs, in each pair, one
chromosome comes from father and one from mother.
first 22 pairs of chromosomes ... - provide the programs for the development of the body
and brain,
individuals who had two copies of the long alleles (LL)... - coped with stress better than
the individuals with two copies of the short alleles (SS)
reciprocal gene-environment model - hypothesis that people with a genetic
predisposition for a disorder may also have a genetic tendency to create environmental
risk factors that promote the disorder.
cross-fostering - Moving young from their mother and placing them with another female
for rearing
epigenetics - the study of how certain experiences effect genes. how these genes'
switches are either turned on or off, thereby altering gene expression.
*understand*
neuroscience - The study of how the nervous system and brain work in order to
understand our behaviour, emotions, and cognitive processes.
central nervous system - consists of the brain and spinal cord, it sorts out what is
observances/reactions are relevant to what isnt. it facilitates the sending of messages to
and from the brain.
neurons - the brain uses 140 billion of these nerve cells to control our every thought and
action.
neurons are made up of... - -dendrites- that have receptors (receives never impulses
and transforms them to electrical impulses)
-axons
synaptic cleft - space between two connecting neurons (the axon of one, and the
dendrite of another) where neurotransmitters are released
different types of neurotransmitters - norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
serotonin
dopamine
gama aminobutyric acid (GABA)
brain stem - Part of the brain that controls involuntary actions, such as breathing,
sleeping and moving around.
