CDIS 421 Neuroscience Fundamentals for Communication Sciences
and Disorders Exam
sagittal plane - ANSWER a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts
horizontal plane - ANSWER a flat crosswise plane, such as the horizon
2 parts of the nervous system - ANSWER central and peripheral
CNS is comprised of - ANSWER brain and spinal cord
coronal plane - ANSWER front and back
Dorsal - ANSWER toward the back (includes posterior spinal cord, superior cerebrum)
Ventral - ANSWER Toward the belly (includes inferior cerebrum, anterior spinal cord)
Caudal - ANSWER toward the tail (includes posterior cerebrum, inferior spinal cord)
Rostral - ANSWER toward the forehead or nose (includes superior spinal cord, anterior
cerebrum)
2 types of cells in the nervous system - ANSWER neurons and glial cells
Neuron - ANSWER a cell of the nervous system; made for signaling and communication
, Dendrites &/ cell body/soma - ANSWER where neurons receive signals
Axon - ANSWER transmits information to other neurons, muscles, or glands
Reflex - ANSWER an involuntary response to a stimulus (minimally includes
sensory/afferent neuron and a motor/efferent neuron)
Myelin - ANSWER a fatty substance that helps insulate neurons (specifically axons) and
speeds the transmission of nerve impulses: white appearance
Microglia - ANSWER consume harmful substances
Astrocytes - ANSWER form blood brain barrier
Oligodendroglia - ANSWER glial cells in the CNS that myelinate axons
Schwann cells - ANSWER glial cells in the PNS that myelinate axons
-70mV to -65mV - ANSWER voltage of resting membrane potential
+50mV - ANSWER voltage of action potential
axon hillock - ANSWER where action potentials are initiated
action potential - ANSWER results from the movement of ions across the cell membrane
depolarization - ANSWER occurs because of the inward flow of sodium (Na+)
and Disorders Exam
sagittal plane - ANSWER a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts
horizontal plane - ANSWER a flat crosswise plane, such as the horizon
2 parts of the nervous system - ANSWER central and peripheral
CNS is comprised of - ANSWER brain and spinal cord
coronal plane - ANSWER front and back
Dorsal - ANSWER toward the back (includes posterior spinal cord, superior cerebrum)
Ventral - ANSWER Toward the belly (includes inferior cerebrum, anterior spinal cord)
Caudal - ANSWER toward the tail (includes posterior cerebrum, inferior spinal cord)
Rostral - ANSWER toward the forehead or nose (includes superior spinal cord, anterior
cerebrum)
2 types of cells in the nervous system - ANSWER neurons and glial cells
Neuron - ANSWER a cell of the nervous system; made for signaling and communication
, Dendrites &/ cell body/soma - ANSWER where neurons receive signals
Axon - ANSWER transmits information to other neurons, muscles, or glands
Reflex - ANSWER an involuntary response to a stimulus (minimally includes
sensory/afferent neuron and a motor/efferent neuron)
Myelin - ANSWER a fatty substance that helps insulate neurons (specifically axons) and
speeds the transmission of nerve impulses: white appearance
Microglia - ANSWER consume harmful substances
Astrocytes - ANSWER form blood brain barrier
Oligodendroglia - ANSWER glial cells in the CNS that myelinate axons
Schwann cells - ANSWER glial cells in the PNS that myelinate axons
-70mV to -65mV - ANSWER voltage of resting membrane potential
+50mV - ANSWER voltage of action potential
axon hillock - ANSWER where action potentials are initiated
action potential - ANSWER results from the movement of ions across the cell membrane
depolarization - ANSWER occurs because of the inward flow of sodium (Na+)
