SLCC Pathophysiology Final Exam
Questions With Complete Solutions
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Starts with Acute lung injury/insult (ALI)
First Stage→Respiratory Alkalosis→hyperventilation
Intermediate stage→ACIDOSIS Respiratory→ hypoventilation and Metabolic K⁺ cell
breakdown
Intermediate stage→PULMONARY EDEMA →cell breakdown turns on inflammatory response
Intermediate state→BLOOD CLOTTING platelets responds to inflammation further blocking
perfusion
Late stage→RESPIRATORY FAILURE continued acidosis
Autonomic Dysreflexia is an abnormal cardiovascular response to stimulation of the
sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system; occurs as a result of stimulation of the
bladder, large intestine, or other visceral organs not being able to send correct signals
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) Nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland.
Age-related but otherwise unknown etiology.
Frequency, urgency, straining to void, decreased urine stream, incontinence, impotence, palpable
prostate, nocturia. Can give a false-positive PSA test
, SLCC Pathophysiology Final Exam
Questions With Complete Solutions
TURP Transurethral Resection of the Prostate an instrument is inserted up the urethra to
remove the section of the prostate that is blocking urine flow in BPH
Blood Components Myeloid Cells Bone
RBC Kidney Erythropoietin
WBC Thymus T-lymphocytes
Platelets Liver Thrombopoietin
RBC provide oxygen
WBC Granulocytes
Basophils-allergic reaction Histamines
Eosinophils-allergy and parasites
Neutrophil
Agranulocytes
Lymphocytes-B and T-(timely)
Monocytes→Macrophages→ phagocytosis
, SLCC Pathophysiology Final Exam
Questions With Complete Solutions
Platelets Thrombocytes→ Clotting
Burn Treatment Give Hypertonic fluid to prevent hypervolemia
Watch for fluid overload due to sudden improvement give hypotonic to provide tissue with fluid
Give Electrolytes that were lost
Cardiogenic Shock Myocardial damage that causes the heart to fail to pump blood
sufficiently to meet the body's demand.
Cells of Inflammation endothelial, platelet, leukocytes
Endothelial Cells of Inflammation line the blood vessels - Produces chemicals that
a. vasodilate or vasoconstrict
b. cause blood thinning/prevent clotting (to keep vein open)
c. allow entrance/exit into and out of the blood vessel (vessel wall permeability)
d. control inflammatory mediators
, SLCC Pathophysiology Final Exam
Questions With Complete Solutions
Platelets of Inflammation thrombocytes
a. Responsible for blood coagulation/clotting
b. Platelets release of over 300 potent inflammatory mediators
Leukocytes of Inflammation They are the major cellular component of the inflammatory
response
The term "LEUKOCYTOSIS" means a higher than normal production of White Blood Cells
(usually neutrophils) in the blood, and is a common indicator of inflammation and infection.
WBCs are classified as either GRANULOCYTES or AGRANULOCYTES
Types of Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) Ischemic Throbmitic CVA
Ischemic Embolic CVA
Hemorrhagic CVA
Ischemic Throbmitic CVA Plaque builds up and cuts off blood to brain
Ischemic Embolic CVA blood clot moves to the brain and cuts off blood flow to brain
Questions With Complete Solutions
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Starts with Acute lung injury/insult (ALI)
First Stage→Respiratory Alkalosis→hyperventilation
Intermediate stage→ACIDOSIS Respiratory→ hypoventilation and Metabolic K⁺ cell
breakdown
Intermediate stage→PULMONARY EDEMA →cell breakdown turns on inflammatory response
Intermediate state→BLOOD CLOTTING platelets responds to inflammation further blocking
perfusion
Late stage→RESPIRATORY FAILURE continued acidosis
Autonomic Dysreflexia is an abnormal cardiovascular response to stimulation of the
sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system; occurs as a result of stimulation of the
bladder, large intestine, or other visceral organs not being able to send correct signals
Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) Nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland.
Age-related but otherwise unknown etiology.
Frequency, urgency, straining to void, decreased urine stream, incontinence, impotence, palpable
prostate, nocturia. Can give a false-positive PSA test
, SLCC Pathophysiology Final Exam
Questions With Complete Solutions
TURP Transurethral Resection of the Prostate an instrument is inserted up the urethra to
remove the section of the prostate that is blocking urine flow in BPH
Blood Components Myeloid Cells Bone
RBC Kidney Erythropoietin
WBC Thymus T-lymphocytes
Platelets Liver Thrombopoietin
RBC provide oxygen
WBC Granulocytes
Basophils-allergic reaction Histamines
Eosinophils-allergy and parasites
Neutrophil
Agranulocytes
Lymphocytes-B and T-(timely)
Monocytes→Macrophages→ phagocytosis
, SLCC Pathophysiology Final Exam
Questions With Complete Solutions
Platelets Thrombocytes→ Clotting
Burn Treatment Give Hypertonic fluid to prevent hypervolemia
Watch for fluid overload due to sudden improvement give hypotonic to provide tissue with fluid
Give Electrolytes that were lost
Cardiogenic Shock Myocardial damage that causes the heart to fail to pump blood
sufficiently to meet the body's demand.
Cells of Inflammation endothelial, platelet, leukocytes
Endothelial Cells of Inflammation line the blood vessels - Produces chemicals that
a. vasodilate or vasoconstrict
b. cause blood thinning/prevent clotting (to keep vein open)
c. allow entrance/exit into and out of the blood vessel (vessel wall permeability)
d. control inflammatory mediators
, SLCC Pathophysiology Final Exam
Questions With Complete Solutions
Platelets of Inflammation thrombocytes
a. Responsible for blood coagulation/clotting
b. Platelets release of over 300 potent inflammatory mediators
Leukocytes of Inflammation They are the major cellular component of the inflammatory
response
The term "LEUKOCYTOSIS" means a higher than normal production of White Blood Cells
(usually neutrophils) in the blood, and is a common indicator of inflammation and infection.
WBCs are classified as either GRANULOCYTES or AGRANULOCYTES
Types of Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) Ischemic Throbmitic CVA
Ischemic Embolic CVA
Hemorrhagic CVA
Ischemic Throbmitic CVA Plaque builds up and cuts off blood to brain
Ischemic Embolic CVA blood clot moves to the brain and cuts off blood flow to brain
