VELEZ COLLEGE Psychiatric Nursing PNLE Practice
NOVEMBER 2024 PHILIPPINE NURSES LICENSURE
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
A 28-year-old client diagnosed with schizophrenia has been
prescribed clozapine. Which of the following laboratory tests is
crucial to monitor regularly for this client?
1. Complete blood count (CBC)
2. Liver function tests (LFTs)
3. Renal function tests
4. Serum electrolyte levels Correct Answer Answer: 1.
Complete blood count (CBC)
Rationale: Clozapine can cause agranulocytosis, a potentially
life-threatening decrease in white blood cells. Regular CBC
monitoring is essential to detect early signs of this condition.
A 35-year-old patient with a history of bipolar disorder is
admitted during a manic episode. The nurse notes that the
patient is extremely talkative, with rapid, pressured speech and
an inflated sense of self-importance. The patient is also
distractible and exhibits flight of ideas. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse prioritize?
A. Encouraging the patient to discuss their thoughts and feelings
B. Providing a structured environment with limited stimuli
C. Allowing the patient to participate in group activities
,D. Encouraging the patient to make decisions about their care
Correct Answer Answer: B. Providing a structured environment
with limited stimuli
Rationale: During a manic episode, patients are often
overstimulated and can benefit from a structured environment
with limited stimuli to help reduce agitation and prevent
escalation of manic behaviors. Encouraging discussion of
thoughts and feelings (A) can be overwhelming and may
exacerbate the manic symptoms. Group activities (C) might also
increase stimulation and distractibility. Encouraging decision-
making (D) is not appropriate at this stage, as the patient's
judgment may be impaired due to the mania.
A 45-year-old patient with schizophrenia is admitted to the
psychiatric unit. The patient exhibits auditory hallucinations and
believes that the voices are commanding him to harm himself.
Which intervention should the nurse prioritize initially?
A. Engage the patient in a detailed discussion about his
hallucinations.
B. Provide a calm environment and monitor the patient closely.
C. Administer prescribed antipsychotic medication.
D. Encourage the patient to participate in group therapy
sessions. Correct Answer Answer: B. Provide a calm
environment and monitor the patient closely.
Rationale: The initial priority is to ensure the patient's safety by
providing a calm environment and close monitoring. This helps
to prevent the patient from acting on the harmful commands of
the hallucinations. Administering medication and engaging in
,discussions or group therapy are important, but the immediate
concern is safety.
A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder is being
treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Which of the
following statements by the client indicates an understanding of
CBT?
A. "CBT will help me understand and change my thought
patterns."
B. "This therapy will help me explore my unconscious
thoughts."
C. "CBT focuses on my childhood experiences to find the root
cause of my depression."
D. "I will learn to use relaxation techniques to manage my stress
through CBT." Correct Answer Answer: A. "CBT will help me
understand and change my thought patterns."
Rationale: Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on identifying
and modifying dysfunctional thinking patterns, beliefs, and
behaviors. It is structured and goal-oriented, aiming to change
the client's thought patterns to improve mood and behavior.
Unlike psychoanalytic therapy, CBT does not delve into
unconscious thoughts or childhood experiences. While
relaxation techniques can be part of CBT, the primary focus is
on altering thought patterns.
A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder is receiving
cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Which principle is most
important in CBT?
, A. Identifying and challenging irrational thoughts
B. Exploring the client's past experiences
C. Encouraging free association
D. Using dream analysis Correct Answer Answer: A.
Identifying and challenging irrational thoughts
Rationale: CBT focuses on identifying and challenging irrational
thoughts and cognitive distortions to change behavior and
emotions. It is an evidence-based approach widely used in the
treatment of depression.
A client diagnosed with schizophrenia is experiencing
hallucinations. Which of the following nursing interventions is
most appropriate?
A) Engage the client in reality-based activities.
B) Ask the client to describe the hallucinations.
C) Instruct the client to ignore the hallucinations.
D) Tell the client that the hallucinations are not real. Correct
Answer Answer: A) Engage the client in reality-based
activities.
Rationale: Engaging the client in reality-based activities helps
distract from the hallucinations and reinforces a connection to
reality.
A client is admitted with major depressive disorder and suicidal
ideation. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
A) Teach the client relaxation techniques.
B) Administer prescribed antidepressant medication.
NOVEMBER 2024 PHILIPPINE NURSES LICENSURE
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
A 28-year-old client diagnosed with schizophrenia has been
prescribed clozapine. Which of the following laboratory tests is
crucial to monitor regularly for this client?
1. Complete blood count (CBC)
2. Liver function tests (LFTs)
3. Renal function tests
4. Serum electrolyte levels Correct Answer Answer: 1.
Complete blood count (CBC)
Rationale: Clozapine can cause agranulocytosis, a potentially
life-threatening decrease in white blood cells. Regular CBC
monitoring is essential to detect early signs of this condition.
A 35-year-old patient with a history of bipolar disorder is
admitted during a manic episode. The nurse notes that the
patient is extremely talkative, with rapid, pressured speech and
an inflated sense of self-importance. The patient is also
distractible and exhibits flight of ideas. Which of the following
interventions should the nurse prioritize?
A. Encouraging the patient to discuss their thoughts and feelings
B. Providing a structured environment with limited stimuli
C. Allowing the patient to participate in group activities
,D. Encouraging the patient to make decisions about their care
Correct Answer Answer: B. Providing a structured environment
with limited stimuli
Rationale: During a manic episode, patients are often
overstimulated and can benefit from a structured environment
with limited stimuli to help reduce agitation and prevent
escalation of manic behaviors. Encouraging discussion of
thoughts and feelings (A) can be overwhelming and may
exacerbate the manic symptoms. Group activities (C) might also
increase stimulation and distractibility. Encouraging decision-
making (D) is not appropriate at this stage, as the patient's
judgment may be impaired due to the mania.
A 45-year-old patient with schizophrenia is admitted to the
psychiatric unit. The patient exhibits auditory hallucinations and
believes that the voices are commanding him to harm himself.
Which intervention should the nurse prioritize initially?
A. Engage the patient in a detailed discussion about his
hallucinations.
B. Provide a calm environment and monitor the patient closely.
C. Administer prescribed antipsychotic medication.
D. Encourage the patient to participate in group therapy
sessions. Correct Answer Answer: B. Provide a calm
environment and monitor the patient closely.
Rationale: The initial priority is to ensure the patient's safety by
providing a calm environment and close monitoring. This helps
to prevent the patient from acting on the harmful commands of
the hallucinations. Administering medication and engaging in
,discussions or group therapy are important, but the immediate
concern is safety.
A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder is being
treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Which of the
following statements by the client indicates an understanding of
CBT?
A. "CBT will help me understand and change my thought
patterns."
B. "This therapy will help me explore my unconscious
thoughts."
C. "CBT focuses on my childhood experiences to find the root
cause of my depression."
D. "I will learn to use relaxation techniques to manage my stress
through CBT." Correct Answer Answer: A. "CBT will help me
understand and change my thought patterns."
Rationale: Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on identifying
and modifying dysfunctional thinking patterns, beliefs, and
behaviors. It is structured and goal-oriented, aiming to change
the client's thought patterns to improve mood and behavior.
Unlike psychoanalytic therapy, CBT does not delve into
unconscious thoughts or childhood experiences. While
relaxation techniques can be part of CBT, the primary focus is
on altering thought patterns.
A client diagnosed with major depressive disorder is receiving
cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Which principle is most
important in CBT?
, A. Identifying and challenging irrational thoughts
B. Exploring the client's past experiences
C. Encouraging free association
D. Using dream analysis Correct Answer Answer: A.
Identifying and challenging irrational thoughts
Rationale: CBT focuses on identifying and challenging irrational
thoughts and cognitive distortions to change behavior and
emotions. It is an evidence-based approach widely used in the
treatment of depression.
A client diagnosed with schizophrenia is experiencing
hallucinations. Which of the following nursing interventions is
most appropriate?
A) Engage the client in reality-based activities.
B) Ask the client to describe the hallucinations.
C) Instruct the client to ignore the hallucinations.
D) Tell the client that the hallucinations are not real. Correct
Answer Answer: A) Engage the client in reality-based
activities.
Rationale: Engaging the client in reality-based activities helps
distract from the hallucinations and reinforces a connection to
reality.
A client is admitted with major depressive disorder and suicidal
ideation. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
A) Teach the client relaxation techniques.
B) Administer prescribed antidepressant medication.
