BIOLOGY 1305 FINAL EXAM Questions
& Answers
helicase - ANSWERSunwinds DNA
topoisomerase - ANSWERSalleviates pressure on either side of the replication fork
DNA polymerase - ANSWERSadds nucleotide to 3' end of new strand
ligase - ANSWERSputs together Okazaki fragments
primase - ANSWERSmakes RNA primer
SSBs - ANSWERSstabilize the single stranded unwound DNA before it gets replicated
nuclease - ANSWERScan cut out and replace damaged DNA during nucleotide excision
repair
telomeres - ANSWERS-when RNA primer is taken off the 5' end of the new strand, the
template strand has 3' overhang
-shorten with age
cancer cells - ANSWERSloss of cell cycle control - fails checkpoints but is not stopped
from replicating
chromosome alterations - ANSWERSdeletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation
deletion - ANSWERSremoves a chromosomal segment
inversion - ANSWERSreverses a segment within a chromosome
duplication - ANSWERSrepeats a segment
translocation - ANSWERSmoves a segment from one chromosome to another, non-
homologous one
gene expression - ANSWERS-proteins are the link between genotype and phenotype
-genetic code is REALLY similar in all living things
-
& Answers
helicase - ANSWERSunwinds DNA
topoisomerase - ANSWERSalleviates pressure on either side of the replication fork
DNA polymerase - ANSWERSadds nucleotide to 3' end of new strand
ligase - ANSWERSputs together Okazaki fragments
primase - ANSWERSmakes RNA primer
SSBs - ANSWERSstabilize the single stranded unwound DNA before it gets replicated
nuclease - ANSWERScan cut out and replace damaged DNA during nucleotide excision
repair
telomeres - ANSWERS-when RNA primer is taken off the 5' end of the new strand, the
template strand has 3' overhang
-shorten with age
cancer cells - ANSWERSloss of cell cycle control - fails checkpoints but is not stopped
from replicating
chromosome alterations - ANSWERSdeletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation
deletion - ANSWERSremoves a chromosomal segment
inversion - ANSWERSreverses a segment within a chromosome
duplication - ANSWERSrepeats a segment
translocation - ANSWERSmoves a segment from one chromosome to another, non-
homologous one
gene expression - ANSWERS-proteins are the link between genotype and phenotype
-genetic code is REALLY similar in all living things
-
