NURS272 Final Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers
Communication skills link to successful role function and quality patient care - ANSWER
- change talk
- resolution of ambivalence
- beneficial change
- self-motivation to change
Five principles of motivation interviewing - ANSWER 1. express empathy through
reflective listening
2. develop discrepancy between clients goals or values and their current behavior
3. Avoid argument and direct confrontation
4. adjust to client resistance rather than opposing it directly
5. support self-efficiency and optimism
Show empathy - ANSWER - skill for understanding another person through the use of
reflective listening
- gently persuades with the understanding that the decision to change it the clients
- attitude should be acceptance but not approval or agreement
Develop Discrepancy - ANSWER - motivation for change occurs when people perceive a
discrepancy between where they are and where they want to be
Increase clients awareness of negative consequences of behavior
Client should present the argument for change
Don't debate - RESPONSE - client, not you should present the argument for change
Objective is to "Walk" with the client
,Resistance as a cue to change strategies
Roll with resistance- ANSWER avoid confrontation and argument; when the patient
resists change, this is a good time to listen well and also explore the patient's point of
view rather than trying to persuade or give arguments to the contrary.
Simple reflection - ANSWER repeat what client said in neutral form
Emphasized reflection - ANSWER A method that magnifies what a client has said
(without sarcasm) with the expectation that the client will bring up the other side of
ambivalence
Double-sided reflection - ANSWER Reflect what the client has said, but then stating
conflicting things they have said in the past
Shifting focus - ANSWER provides an opportunity to confirm your client's personal
decision about the direction of their own life
Agreed with a twist - ANSWER agree with client with slight twist or change of direction
Reframing - ANSWER offering a new and positive interpretation of negative information
provided by the client
Support Self-Efficacy - ANSWER Elicit and support hope, optimism, possibility of
change.
Look for strengths in client and bring to forefront.
Believe that your client is capable of change.
Talk about similar situations that changed their behavior
Clients should believe that their triumph in the future starts with a single step forward
Education can build self-efficacy
,Assist client in building their self-efficacy by allowing them to achieve small steps
Pre-contemplation stage - ANS - stage of the change in which individuals do not want to
change their behavior
-patient is uninconcerned with the information available on behavior and may become
defensive when the information is taken to them
Contemplation stage - ANSWER - considering a change within the next 6 months
- ambivalence may be presents but patient will most likely accept information since they
are developing more belief in the value of change
Preparation stage - ANSWER - making small changes in preparation for a change in the
next month
- patient believes that advantages outweigh disadvantages of behavior change; needs
assistance in planning for change
Action stage - ANS - Actively engaged in strategies to change behavior; lasts up to 6
months
- past habits may impede action related to new behaviors; identify barriers and
facilitators of change
Maintenance stage - ANS - Sustained change over time; begins 6 months after action
has started and continues indefinitely
- changes must be integrated into the patient's lifestyle
Communication - ANSWER A complex, ongoing interactive process that forms the basis
for interpersonal relationships
-a process of interaction between prople where symboks are used to create exchange
and interpret messages about ideas emotions and mind states
Effective communication - ANSWER Is essential for safe effective pateint centered care.
Requires self awareness and is learned. Should be authentic, an exhchange between
those involved and both larties must engage
, ineffective communication - ANSWER Nothing is shared or accomplished
linguistic communication - ANSWER Verbal exchange of messages through spoken
words and written symbols
Para linguistic communication - ANSWER Non-lexiconal exchange of symbols, as
through eye contact, gestures, and facial expressions. Conveys true meaning
Metacommunication - ANSWER factors that form the context of the message, such as
internal personal states, environmental stimuli related to the setting, and contextual
variables
process of communication - ANSWER Use of symbols—verbal and nonverbal,
transmissions between sender and receiver.
Complimentary exchange - ANSWER Roles of sender and receiver are shared—each
negotiated meaning in order to respond back with a message.
Relationship between participants - ANSWER Type of relationship—takes into
consideration power, hierarchy, and status. Nurse has most control in nurse/ client
relationship.
Internal States and Conditions- ANSWER Moods, cognition, thought processing, anxiety,
fear, pain, developmental level, fatigue, language difficulties in hearing, understanding,
verbalizing all can influence communication
experience and education- ANSWER overall and related to the situation. relevant
language to situation
internal and external factors- ANSWER culture, gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic
status, age, language, clothes, grooming, personal characteristics, external
Communication skills link to successful role function and quality patient care - ANSWER
- change talk
- resolution of ambivalence
- beneficial change
- self-motivation to change
Five principles of motivation interviewing - ANSWER 1. express empathy through
reflective listening
2. develop discrepancy between clients goals or values and their current behavior
3. Avoid argument and direct confrontation
4. adjust to client resistance rather than opposing it directly
5. support self-efficiency and optimism
Show empathy - ANSWER - skill for understanding another person through the use of
reflective listening
- gently persuades with the understanding that the decision to change it the clients
- attitude should be acceptance but not approval or agreement
Develop Discrepancy - ANSWER - motivation for change occurs when people perceive a
discrepancy between where they are and where they want to be
Increase clients awareness of negative consequences of behavior
Client should present the argument for change
Don't debate - RESPONSE - client, not you should present the argument for change
Objective is to "Walk" with the client
,Resistance as a cue to change strategies
Roll with resistance- ANSWER avoid confrontation and argument; when the patient
resists change, this is a good time to listen well and also explore the patient's point of
view rather than trying to persuade or give arguments to the contrary.
Simple reflection - ANSWER repeat what client said in neutral form
Emphasized reflection - ANSWER A method that magnifies what a client has said
(without sarcasm) with the expectation that the client will bring up the other side of
ambivalence
Double-sided reflection - ANSWER Reflect what the client has said, but then stating
conflicting things they have said in the past
Shifting focus - ANSWER provides an opportunity to confirm your client's personal
decision about the direction of their own life
Agreed with a twist - ANSWER agree with client with slight twist or change of direction
Reframing - ANSWER offering a new and positive interpretation of negative information
provided by the client
Support Self-Efficacy - ANSWER Elicit and support hope, optimism, possibility of
change.
Look for strengths in client and bring to forefront.
Believe that your client is capable of change.
Talk about similar situations that changed their behavior
Clients should believe that their triumph in the future starts with a single step forward
Education can build self-efficacy
,Assist client in building their self-efficacy by allowing them to achieve small steps
Pre-contemplation stage - ANS - stage of the change in which individuals do not want to
change their behavior
-patient is uninconcerned with the information available on behavior and may become
defensive when the information is taken to them
Contemplation stage - ANSWER - considering a change within the next 6 months
- ambivalence may be presents but patient will most likely accept information since they
are developing more belief in the value of change
Preparation stage - ANSWER - making small changes in preparation for a change in the
next month
- patient believes that advantages outweigh disadvantages of behavior change; needs
assistance in planning for change
Action stage - ANS - Actively engaged in strategies to change behavior; lasts up to 6
months
- past habits may impede action related to new behaviors; identify barriers and
facilitators of change
Maintenance stage - ANS - Sustained change over time; begins 6 months after action
has started and continues indefinitely
- changes must be integrated into the patient's lifestyle
Communication - ANSWER A complex, ongoing interactive process that forms the basis
for interpersonal relationships
-a process of interaction between prople where symboks are used to create exchange
and interpret messages about ideas emotions and mind states
Effective communication - ANSWER Is essential for safe effective pateint centered care.
Requires self awareness and is learned. Should be authentic, an exhchange between
those involved and both larties must engage
, ineffective communication - ANSWER Nothing is shared or accomplished
linguistic communication - ANSWER Verbal exchange of messages through spoken
words and written symbols
Para linguistic communication - ANSWER Non-lexiconal exchange of symbols, as
through eye contact, gestures, and facial expressions. Conveys true meaning
Metacommunication - ANSWER factors that form the context of the message, such as
internal personal states, environmental stimuli related to the setting, and contextual
variables
process of communication - ANSWER Use of symbols—verbal and nonverbal,
transmissions between sender and receiver.
Complimentary exchange - ANSWER Roles of sender and receiver are shared—each
negotiated meaning in order to respond back with a message.
Relationship between participants - ANSWER Type of relationship—takes into
consideration power, hierarchy, and status. Nurse has most control in nurse/ client
relationship.
Internal States and Conditions- ANSWER Moods, cognition, thought processing, anxiety,
fear, pain, developmental level, fatigue, language difficulties in hearing, understanding,
verbalizing all can influence communication
experience and education- ANSWER overall and related to the situation. relevant
language to situation
internal and external factors- ANSWER culture, gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic
status, age, language, clothes, grooming, personal characteristics, external
