NERC FINAL EXAM SOS 2024/2025 NEWEST!! COMPLETE ACTUAL
85 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS )
WITH RATIONALES/ALREADY GRADED A+
Of the following, which control system would be affected by a
difference in Net Actual Interchange and Net Scheduled Interchange?
a. Automatic Voltage Regulator
b. Reactive Control
c. Automatic Generation Control
d. Turbine Governor Control - ANSWER-c. Automatic Generation
Control
Feedback: BAL-005, Automatic Generation Control (AGC) Equipment
automatically adjusts generation in a Balancing Authority Area from a
central location to maintain the Balancing Authority's interchange
schedule plus Frequency Bias. AGC is a process designed and used
to adjust a Balancing Authority Areas' Demand and resources to help
maintain the Reporting ACE in that of a Balancing Authority Area
within the bounds required by applicable NERC Reliability Standards.
Governors arrest frequency deviations, but Automatic Generation
Control (AGC) maintains generation to a schedule. It does this by
pulsing the generator governors to either increase or decrease
megawatt as needed.
,How is the Frequency Response Obligation (FRO) of a Frequency
Response Sharing Group determined?
a. By averaging the members' FRO's.
b. By adding the individual FRO's of each member.
c. By taking the median Frequency Response Measure of the previous
year.
d. By adding the member's Frequency Response Measures of the
previous year. - ANSWER-b. By adding the individual FRO's of each
member.
Feedback:
NERC allows Balancing Authorities to form Frequency Response
Sharing Groups (FRSGs) with other Balancing Authorities to jointly
meet their FROs. These FRSGs determine their joint FRO by adding
up the member's individual FROs.
NERC Standard BAL-001 states that a Balancing Authority's
clockminute average of Reporting ACE reading must not exceed its
Balancing Authority ACE Limit (BAAL) for more than __________.
a. 30 consecutive clock-minutes
b. 30 clock minutes per hour
c. 15 consecutive clock-minutes
d. 90% of 10-minute periods in a month - ANSWER-a. 30 consecutive
clock-minutes
,Feedback: BAL-001, Real Power Balancing Control Performance
If a Balancing Authority needs to offset the scheduled frequency by
0.02 Hz, due to an Interconnection wide time error correction, what
adjustment can the Balancing Authority make to participate
Interconnection wide time error correction if unable to change
scheduled frequency?
a. Change the AGC mode
b. Changing the B (frequency bias) setting of the ACE equation
c. Changing the governor speed droop from 5% to 4%
d. Offset its Net Interchange Schedule(MW) by an amount equal to the
computed bias contribution during a 0.02 Hz Frequency Deviation -
ANSWER-d. Offset its Net Interchange Schedule(MW) by an amount
equal to the computed bias contribution during a 0.02 Hz
Frequency
Deviation
Feedback: Time Error Correction is when the Interconnection
schedules frequency, normally 60.00 Hz to 59.98 Hz or 60.02 Hz in
order to adjust clocks that may be either fast or slow due to the
frequency fluctuations of the power system. If the Balancing Authority
cannot change scheduled frequency which would produce -10B
(+/0.02) value, they shall offset its Net Interchange Schedule by an
amount equal to 20% of it Frequency Bias [10B (0.02)]. NERC
Standard BAL-004 and Time Monitoring Reference Document, 2016
, A Balancing Authority has a Net Interchange Schedule of -250 MWs
from 1200 to 1600 on a summer day. The Net Interchange Actual for
those same hours respectively were -230 MW, -275 MW, -250 MW and
270 MW. What was the Balancing Authority's Inadvertent Interchange
for the 4-hour period?
a. 25 MWs in
b. 25 MWs out
c. 6 MWs out
d. 6 MWs in - ANSWER-a. 25 MWs in
Feedback: Inadvertent calculation is after the hour and the difference
between Net Interchange Actual and Net Interchange
Scheduled.Inadvertent for hour 1: (-230 ) - (-250) = +20Inadvertent for
hour 2: (-275) - (-250) = -25Inadvertent for hour 3: (-250) - (-250) =
0Inadvertent for hour 4: (-270) - (-250) = -20Net for the period = - 25
Balancing Authority A is currently reading a system frequency of
59.98 Hz. Its Net Actual Interchange is +100 MW and its Net Scheduled
Interchange is +100 MW. If Balancing Authority A's frequency bias
setting is 100 MW/0.1 HZ, what is ACE?
a. -20
b. 0
c. 20
d. 2 - ANSWER-a. -20
85 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS )
WITH RATIONALES/ALREADY GRADED A+
Of the following, which control system would be affected by a
difference in Net Actual Interchange and Net Scheduled Interchange?
a. Automatic Voltage Regulator
b. Reactive Control
c. Automatic Generation Control
d. Turbine Governor Control - ANSWER-c. Automatic Generation
Control
Feedback: BAL-005, Automatic Generation Control (AGC) Equipment
automatically adjusts generation in a Balancing Authority Area from a
central location to maintain the Balancing Authority's interchange
schedule plus Frequency Bias. AGC is a process designed and used
to adjust a Balancing Authority Areas' Demand and resources to help
maintain the Reporting ACE in that of a Balancing Authority Area
within the bounds required by applicable NERC Reliability Standards.
Governors arrest frequency deviations, but Automatic Generation
Control (AGC) maintains generation to a schedule. It does this by
pulsing the generator governors to either increase or decrease
megawatt as needed.
,How is the Frequency Response Obligation (FRO) of a Frequency
Response Sharing Group determined?
a. By averaging the members' FRO's.
b. By adding the individual FRO's of each member.
c. By taking the median Frequency Response Measure of the previous
year.
d. By adding the member's Frequency Response Measures of the
previous year. - ANSWER-b. By adding the individual FRO's of each
member.
Feedback:
NERC allows Balancing Authorities to form Frequency Response
Sharing Groups (FRSGs) with other Balancing Authorities to jointly
meet their FROs. These FRSGs determine their joint FRO by adding
up the member's individual FROs.
NERC Standard BAL-001 states that a Balancing Authority's
clockminute average of Reporting ACE reading must not exceed its
Balancing Authority ACE Limit (BAAL) for more than __________.
a. 30 consecutive clock-minutes
b. 30 clock minutes per hour
c. 15 consecutive clock-minutes
d. 90% of 10-minute periods in a month - ANSWER-a. 30 consecutive
clock-minutes
,Feedback: BAL-001, Real Power Balancing Control Performance
If a Balancing Authority needs to offset the scheduled frequency by
0.02 Hz, due to an Interconnection wide time error correction, what
adjustment can the Balancing Authority make to participate
Interconnection wide time error correction if unable to change
scheduled frequency?
a. Change the AGC mode
b. Changing the B (frequency bias) setting of the ACE equation
c. Changing the governor speed droop from 5% to 4%
d. Offset its Net Interchange Schedule(MW) by an amount equal to the
computed bias contribution during a 0.02 Hz Frequency Deviation -
ANSWER-d. Offset its Net Interchange Schedule(MW) by an amount
equal to the computed bias contribution during a 0.02 Hz
Frequency
Deviation
Feedback: Time Error Correction is when the Interconnection
schedules frequency, normally 60.00 Hz to 59.98 Hz or 60.02 Hz in
order to adjust clocks that may be either fast or slow due to the
frequency fluctuations of the power system. If the Balancing Authority
cannot change scheduled frequency which would produce -10B
(+/0.02) value, they shall offset its Net Interchange Schedule by an
amount equal to 20% of it Frequency Bias [10B (0.02)]. NERC
Standard BAL-004 and Time Monitoring Reference Document, 2016
, A Balancing Authority has a Net Interchange Schedule of -250 MWs
from 1200 to 1600 on a summer day. The Net Interchange Actual for
those same hours respectively were -230 MW, -275 MW, -250 MW and
270 MW. What was the Balancing Authority's Inadvertent Interchange
for the 4-hour period?
a. 25 MWs in
b. 25 MWs out
c. 6 MWs out
d. 6 MWs in - ANSWER-a. 25 MWs in
Feedback: Inadvertent calculation is after the hour and the difference
between Net Interchange Actual and Net Interchange
Scheduled.Inadvertent for hour 1: (-230 ) - (-250) = +20Inadvertent for
hour 2: (-275) - (-250) = -25Inadvertent for hour 3: (-250) - (-250) =
0Inadvertent for hour 4: (-270) - (-250) = -20Net for the period = - 25
Balancing Authority A is currently reading a system frequency of
59.98 Hz. Its Net Actual Interchange is +100 MW and its Net Scheduled
Interchange is +100 MW. If Balancing Authority A's frequency bias
setting is 100 MW/0.1 HZ, what is ACE?
a. -20
b. 0
c. 20
d. 2 - ANSWER-a. -20
