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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CONCEPTS OF
ALTERED HEALTH STATES 11TH EDITION
BY DR.BAYO, VERIFIED CHAPTERS 1 -
52, COMPLETE NEWEST VERSION; GRADE
A+ 100% PASS
GLUCOSE METABOLISM - ANSWER-Most Efficient Fuel Normal Brain
Function Relies Exclusively on Glucose Requires a continuous supply
from the circulation Body Tissues Obtain Glucose from Blood
When Glucose Levels Rise - ANSWER-Insulin is Secreted
Glucose Not Needed for Immediate Energy is - ANSWER-Stored in the
Liver & Skeletal Muscle as Glycogen
If Saturated Glucose will be Converted - ANSWER-into Fatty Acids by
Liver and Stored as Triglycerides in Adipose Cells
Glycogenolysis - ANSWER-breakdown of glycogen
Gluconeogenesis - ANSWER-production of glucose from triglycerides and
amino acids
FAT is the Most Dense Form - ANSWER-of Fuel Storage
Use of Fats for Energy is Essential d/t High Portion - ANSWER-Within
Most Diets
Many CHO in Diet are fats are Converted - ANSWER-to Triglycerides (TG)
for Storage
fats are Broken down by adipose cell lipase - ANSWER-into its 3 fatty
acids & glycerol
, Glycerol can enter - ANSWER-the glycolytic pathway
Almost all body cells can use - ANSWER-fatty acids as a fuel source
The liver converts fatty acids - ANSWER-into ketones (organic acids) &
releases them into the bloodstream
Lipolysis - ANSWER-breakdown o fatty acids to use for energy
PROTEIN METABOLISM is Essential - ANSWER-for Formation of all Body
Structures
Amino Acids are - ANSWER-the Building Blocks
Body has Limited Storage Capacity - ANSWER-of Amino Acids
Most amino acids - ANSWER-contained in body proteins
Excess Amino Acids are Converted to - ANSWER-Fatty Acids Ketones or
Glucose and Stored or Used as a Fuel Source
Amino Acids are Used as a Major Substrate for - ANSWER-
Gluconeogenesis when Glucose Needs > Food Intake
Hormonal Regulation of Glucose is Primarily - ANSWER-with the
Endocrine Pancreas
Pancreas is Made Up of 2 Major Tissue Types - ANSWER-Acini (exocrine)
Islets of Langerhans**(endocrine)
Each Islet cells is Composed of - ANSWER-Alpha Cells Beta Cells Delta
Cells
PHYSIOLOGY OF INSULIN - ANSWER-Composed of 2 Polypeptide Chains -
'A' & 'B'
Proinsulin is the Immediate - ANSWER-Precursor Consists of Insulin &
Connecting Peptide C-Peptide Runs from the A to B Chain of Insulin
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CONCEPTS OF
ALTERED HEALTH STATES 11TH EDITION
BY DR.BAYO, VERIFIED CHAPTERS 1 -
52, COMPLETE NEWEST VERSION; GRADE
A+ 100% PASS
GLUCOSE METABOLISM - ANSWER-Most Efficient Fuel Normal Brain
Function Relies Exclusively on Glucose Requires a continuous supply
from the circulation Body Tissues Obtain Glucose from Blood
When Glucose Levels Rise - ANSWER-Insulin is Secreted
Glucose Not Needed for Immediate Energy is - ANSWER-Stored in the
Liver & Skeletal Muscle as Glycogen
If Saturated Glucose will be Converted - ANSWER-into Fatty Acids by
Liver and Stored as Triglycerides in Adipose Cells
Glycogenolysis - ANSWER-breakdown of glycogen
Gluconeogenesis - ANSWER-production of glucose from triglycerides and
amino acids
FAT is the Most Dense Form - ANSWER-of Fuel Storage
Use of Fats for Energy is Essential d/t High Portion - ANSWER-Within
Most Diets
Many CHO in Diet are fats are Converted - ANSWER-to Triglycerides (TG)
for Storage
fats are Broken down by adipose cell lipase - ANSWER-into its 3 fatty
acids & glycerol
, Glycerol can enter - ANSWER-the glycolytic pathway
Almost all body cells can use - ANSWER-fatty acids as a fuel source
The liver converts fatty acids - ANSWER-into ketones (organic acids) &
releases them into the bloodstream
Lipolysis - ANSWER-breakdown o fatty acids to use for energy
PROTEIN METABOLISM is Essential - ANSWER-for Formation of all Body
Structures
Amino Acids are - ANSWER-the Building Blocks
Body has Limited Storage Capacity - ANSWER-of Amino Acids
Most amino acids - ANSWER-contained in body proteins
Excess Amino Acids are Converted to - ANSWER-Fatty Acids Ketones or
Glucose and Stored or Used as a Fuel Source
Amino Acids are Used as a Major Substrate for - ANSWER-
Gluconeogenesis when Glucose Needs > Food Intake
Hormonal Regulation of Glucose is Primarily - ANSWER-with the
Endocrine Pancreas
Pancreas is Made Up of 2 Major Tissue Types - ANSWER-Acini (exocrine)
Islets of Langerhans**(endocrine)
Each Islet cells is Composed of - ANSWER-Alpha Cells Beta Cells Delta
Cells
PHYSIOLOGY OF INSULIN - ANSWER-Composed of 2 Polypeptide Chains -
'A' & 'B'
Proinsulin is the Immediate - ANSWER-Precursor Consists of Insulin &
Connecting Peptide C-Peptide Runs from the A to B Chain of Insulin
