TEST BANK FOR GENETICS AND GENO
MICS IN NURSING AND HEALTH CARE 2ND
EDITION BY BEERY | ALL CHAPTERS | BRA
ND NEW| A, GUIDE
Chapter 1: DNA Structure and Function
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
A. 1. In which body or cell area are most genes in humans located?
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondrion
C. Cytoplasm
D. Plasma membrane
A. 2. Which condition or statement exemplifies the concept of genomics rather than genetics?
A. The gene for insulin is located on chromosome 11 in all people.
B. Expression of any single gene is dependent on inheriting two alleles.
C. Sex-linked recessive disorders affect males more often than females.
D. One allele for each gene is inherited from the mother, and one is inherited from the
father.
A. 3. What is the purpose of phosphorous in a DNA strand?
A. Linking the nucleotides into a strand
B. Holding complementary strands together
C. Ensuring that a purine is always paired with a pyrimidine
D. Preventing the separation of double-stranded DNA into single-stranded DNA
A. 4. What is the term used to define alternative forms of a gene that may result in different expression
of the trait coded for by that gene?
A. Alleles
, B. Bases
C. Centromeres
D. Diploids
D. 5. What percentage of bases in a stretch of double-stranded DNA that contains 30% guanine (G)
bases would be adenine (A)?
A. 70%
B. 60%
C. 30%
D. 20%
C. 6. What is the term used to describe the organized picture of the paired chromosomes within a cell
used to determine whether chromosome numbers, structures, and banding patterns are normal?
A. Pedigree
B. Phenotype
C. Karyotype
D. Autotype
D. 7. What would be the sequence of DNA that is complementary to a DNA section with the base
sequence of GGTCAATCCTTAG?
A. GATTCCTAACTGG
B. TTGACCGAAGGCT
C. AACTGGCTTCCGA
D. CCAGTTAGGAATC
,B. 8. Which of these complementary base pairs form the strongest or “tightest” association?
A. Adenine and thymine
B. Cytosine and guanine
C. Guanine and thymine
D. Cytosine and adenine
A 9. What activity occurs during M phase of the cell cycle?
A. The cell undergoes cytokinesis.
B. Activity stops, and the cell “sleeps.”
C. All DNA is completely replicated.
D. The cell greatly increases protein synthesis.
B. 10. Which chromosome number represents the euploid state for normal human somatic cells?
A. 44
B. 46
C. 47
D. 48
A. 11. How does the proteome differ from the genome?
A. The proteome changes in response to intracellular and extracellular signals.
B. The genome changes in response to intracellular and extracellular signals.
C. The proteome is stable in somatic cells and unstable in germ cells, whereas the
genome is stable in both somatic cells and germ cells.
D. The genome is stable in somatic cells and unstable in germ cells, whereas the
proteome is stable in both somatic cells and germ cells.
C. 12. What is the most outstanding feature of a mature haploid cell?
A. It is usually homozygous.
B. The sex chromosomes are missing.
C. Only one chromosome of each pair is present.
D. DNA synthesis occurs after mitosis instead of before.
D. 13. At what phase of the cell cycle are chromosomes visible as separate structures?
A. G1
B. G2
C. S
D. M
B. 14. Which statement about the cell cycle phase of G0 is true?
A. Hyperplastic growth in place of hypertrophic growth
B. Performance of specific differentiated functions
C. Initiation and completion of nucleokinesis
D. Replication of DNA
B. 15. What is the result of normal DNA replication?
A. Formation of two new daughter cells
B. Formation of two identical sets of DNA
C. Disappearance of the original parent cell
D. Activation and attachment of spindle fibers
, nnnn A. n 16. n Which nstatement nregarding nchromosome nstructure nor nfunction nis ntrue?
A. The nchromatids nof nany nsingle nchromosome nare nknown nas n“sister nchromatids.”
B. The ngenes nlocated non nthe ntelomeres nof nchromosomes nare nidentical nto nthe ngenes
innthe ncentromeres.
n
C. Immediately nbefore nthe nmitosis nphase nof ncell ndivision, nthe nchromosomes nof
nallnsomatic ncells nare nhaploid.
D. A nspecific ngene nallele non none nchromosome nhas na ncomplementary nallele non nthe
nothernchromosome nof na npair.
nnnn C. n 17. n Why ndoes na nperson nwith nnormal nchromosomes nonly nhave ntwo nalleles nfor nany nsingle ngene ntrait?
A. A nminimum nof ntwo nalleles nis nrequired nfor nthe nexpression nof nmonogenic ntraits.
B. When na ndominant nallele nis npaired nwith na nrecessive nallele, nonly nthe ndominant nallele
isnexpressed, nand nthe nrecessive nallele nis nsilent.
n
C. One nallele nfor nthe nmonogenic ntrait nis non nthe npaternally nderived nchromosome,
n andnthe nother nallele nis non nthe nmaternally nderived nchromosome.
D. Expression nof nmore nthan ntwo nalleles nof nany nsingle-gene ntrait nresults nin
nenhancednexpression nof nrecessive nalleles nand nsuppressed nexpression nof
ndominant nalleles.
nnnn C 18. n Under nwhat nnormal ncondition nare ngenotype nand nphenotype nalways nthe nsame?
A. Euploidy nof nalleles
B. Aneuploidy nof nalleles
C. Homozygosity nof nalleles
D. Heterozygosity nof nalleles
nnnn D. n 19. n What nwould nbe nthe nexpected nresult nof na ndrug nthat naffected na nparticular ntissue nby ncausing
n newnDNA nto nform nwith ncovalent nbonds ninstead nof nhydrogen nbonds?
A. None nof nthe ncells nin nthe naffected ntissue nwould nbe nable nto nleave nG0 nand nenter nthe
cellncycle.
n
B. Replication nof nDNA nwould nresult nin nidentical nDNA nstrands ninstead
n ofncomplementary nstrands.
C. Mitosis nof ncells nin nthe ntissue nwould nresult nin nthe nproduction nof nthree nnew
n daughterncells ninstead nof njust ntwo.
D. The nnew ncells nthat nformed nwithin nthis ntissue nwould nnot nbe nable nto ncomplete nthe
n nextnround nof nmitosis nsuccessfully.
nnnn B. n 20. n How ndoes nthe nDNA nenzyme ntopoisomerase ncontribute nto nDNA nreplication?
A. Unwinds nthe ndouble nhelix nand nseparates nthe ndouble-stranded nDNA
B. Creates na n“nick” nin nthe nDNA nsupercoils, nallowing nthem nto nstraighten
n beforenreplication
C. Initiates nDNA nsynthesis nin nmultiple nsites ndown nthe nstrand, nmaking nthe nprocess
n morenefficient
D. Connects nand nlinks nthe nindividual npieces nof nnewly nsynthesized nDNA nto nform
n ansingle nstrand
nnnn A. n 21. n Where nis ntelomeric nDNA nlocated?
A. At nthe ntips nof nthe np nand nq narms nof nchromosomes.
B. In nthe nmitochondria nof nall nsomatic ncells
C. Only nin nthe ngerm ncells n(ova nand nsperm)
D. Within nthe nhistones nof nthe nsolenoid
MICS IN NURSING AND HEALTH CARE 2ND
EDITION BY BEERY | ALL CHAPTERS | BRA
ND NEW| A, GUIDE
Chapter 1: DNA Structure and Function
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
A. 1. In which body or cell area are most genes in humans located?
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondrion
C. Cytoplasm
D. Plasma membrane
A. 2. Which condition or statement exemplifies the concept of genomics rather than genetics?
A. The gene for insulin is located on chromosome 11 in all people.
B. Expression of any single gene is dependent on inheriting two alleles.
C. Sex-linked recessive disorders affect males more often than females.
D. One allele for each gene is inherited from the mother, and one is inherited from the
father.
A. 3. What is the purpose of phosphorous in a DNA strand?
A. Linking the nucleotides into a strand
B. Holding complementary strands together
C. Ensuring that a purine is always paired with a pyrimidine
D. Preventing the separation of double-stranded DNA into single-stranded DNA
A. 4. What is the term used to define alternative forms of a gene that may result in different expression
of the trait coded for by that gene?
A. Alleles
, B. Bases
C. Centromeres
D. Diploids
D. 5. What percentage of bases in a stretch of double-stranded DNA that contains 30% guanine (G)
bases would be adenine (A)?
A. 70%
B. 60%
C. 30%
D. 20%
C. 6. What is the term used to describe the organized picture of the paired chromosomes within a cell
used to determine whether chromosome numbers, structures, and banding patterns are normal?
A. Pedigree
B. Phenotype
C. Karyotype
D. Autotype
D. 7. What would be the sequence of DNA that is complementary to a DNA section with the base
sequence of GGTCAATCCTTAG?
A. GATTCCTAACTGG
B. TTGACCGAAGGCT
C. AACTGGCTTCCGA
D. CCAGTTAGGAATC
,B. 8. Which of these complementary base pairs form the strongest or “tightest” association?
A. Adenine and thymine
B. Cytosine and guanine
C. Guanine and thymine
D. Cytosine and adenine
A 9. What activity occurs during M phase of the cell cycle?
A. The cell undergoes cytokinesis.
B. Activity stops, and the cell “sleeps.”
C. All DNA is completely replicated.
D. The cell greatly increases protein synthesis.
B. 10. Which chromosome number represents the euploid state for normal human somatic cells?
A. 44
B. 46
C. 47
D. 48
A. 11. How does the proteome differ from the genome?
A. The proteome changes in response to intracellular and extracellular signals.
B. The genome changes in response to intracellular and extracellular signals.
C. The proteome is stable in somatic cells and unstable in germ cells, whereas the
genome is stable in both somatic cells and germ cells.
D. The genome is stable in somatic cells and unstable in germ cells, whereas the
proteome is stable in both somatic cells and germ cells.
C. 12. What is the most outstanding feature of a mature haploid cell?
A. It is usually homozygous.
B. The sex chromosomes are missing.
C. Only one chromosome of each pair is present.
D. DNA synthesis occurs after mitosis instead of before.
D. 13. At what phase of the cell cycle are chromosomes visible as separate structures?
A. G1
B. G2
C. S
D. M
B. 14. Which statement about the cell cycle phase of G0 is true?
A. Hyperplastic growth in place of hypertrophic growth
B. Performance of specific differentiated functions
C. Initiation and completion of nucleokinesis
D. Replication of DNA
B. 15. What is the result of normal DNA replication?
A. Formation of two new daughter cells
B. Formation of two identical sets of DNA
C. Disappearance of the original parent cell
D. Activation and attachment of spindle fibers
, nnnn A. n 16. n Which nstatement nregarding nchromosome nstructure nor nfunction nis ntrue?
A. The nchromatids nof nany nsingle nchromosome nare nknown nas n“sister nchromatids.”
B. The ngenes nlocated non nthe ntelomeres nof nchromosomes nare nidentical nto nthe ngenes
innthe ncentromeres.
n
C. Immediately nbefore nthe nmitosis nphase nof ncell ndivision, nthe nchromosomes nof
nallnsomatic ncells nare nhaploid.
D. A nspecific ngene nallele non none nchromosome nhas na ncomplementary nallele non nthe
nothernchromosome nof na npair.
nnnn C. n 17. n Why ndoes na nperson nwith nnormal nchromosomes nonly nhave ntwo nalleles nfor nany nsingle ngene ntrait?
A. A nminimum nof ntwo nalleles nis nrequired nfor nthe nexpression nof nmonogenic ntraits.
B. When na ndominant nallele nis npaired nwith na nrecessive nallele, nonly nthe ndominant nallele
isnexpressed, nand nthe nrecessive nallele nis nsilent.
n
C. One nallele nfor nthe nmonogenic ntrait nis non nthe npaternally nderived nchromosome,
n andnthe nother nallele nis non nthe nmaternally nderived nchromosome.
D. Expression nof nmore nthan ntwo nalleles nof nany nsingle-gene ntrait nresults nin
nenhancednexpression nof nrecessive nalleles nand nsuppressed nexpression nof
ndominant nalleles.
nnnn C 18. n Under nwhat nnormal ncondition nare ngenotype nand nphenotype nalways nthe nsame?
A. Euploidy nof nalleles
B. Aneuploidy nof nalleles
C. Homozygosity nof nalleles
D. Heterozygosity nof nalleles
nnnn D. n 19. n What nwould nbe nthe nexpected nresult nof na ndrug nthat naffected na nparticular ntissue nby ncausing
n newnDNA nto nform nwith ncovalent nbonds ninstead nof nhydrogen nbonds?
A. None nof nthe ncells nin nthe naffected ntissue nwould nbe nable nto nleave nG0 nand nenter nthe
cellncycle.
n
B. Replication nof nDNA nwould nresult nin nidentical nDNA nstrands ninstead
n ofncomplementary nstrands.
C. Mitosis nof ncells nin nthe ntissue nwould nresult nin nthe nproduction nof nthree nnew
n daughterncells ninstead nof njust ntwo.
D. The nnew ncells nthat nformed nwithin nthis ntissue nwould nnot nbe nable nto ncomplete nthe
n nextnround nof nmitosis nsuccessfully.
nnnn B. n 20. n How ndoes nthe nDNA nenzyme ntopoisomerase ncontribute nto nDNA nreplication?
A. Unwinds nthe ndouble nhelix nand nseparates nthe ndouble-stranded nDNA
B. Creates na n“nick” nin nthe nDNA nsupercoils, nallowing nthem nto nstraighten
n beforenreplication
C. Initiates nDNA nsynthesis nin nmultiple nsites ndown nthe nstrand, nmaking nthe nprocess
n morenefficient
D. Connects nand nlinks nthe nindividual npieces nof nnewly nsynthesized nDNA nto nform
n ansingle nstrand
nnnn A. n 21. n Where nis ntelomeric nDNA nlocated?
A. At nthe ntips nof nthe np nand nq narms nof nchromosomes.
B. In nthe nmitochondria nof nall nsomatic ncells
C. Only nin nthe ngerm ncells n(ova nand nsperm)
D. Within nthe nhistones nof nthe nsolenoid
