PPN 301 MIDTERM WEEKS 1-3 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
what age group faces a higher risk of pregnancy complications?
Young adolescents between the ages of 10-14 face a higher risk of death and
complication due to pregnancy
94% of maternal deaths occur in what type of countries
low and lower middle-class income countries
________ die from preventable causes related to pregnancy
810 women
leading cause of death for children under 5
preterm birth complications
in Canada what type of women are at higher risk for maternal and infant
mortality
Indigenous and POC women
black women and pregnancy complications?
3-4 times more likely to die from complications
who is infant mortality twice as high for?
Indigenous women
what are health inequities
differences in health or distribution of resources between populations, caused by
social conditions in which people are born, work, grow, and live
how can we reduce health inequities
by the right mix of government policies
,what is social justice
focuses on the advantage that certain groups have compared to others, and
understanding the root causes of these inequities
what is the sole purpose of social justice
need to take responsible action to eliminate inequities
equality
equal rights for all groups and individuals regardless of varying disparities and
needs
equity
fair distribution of rights and resources that individual and groups require based
on their disparities and determinants
What is the UN Sustainable Development Goals?
made to ensure healthy lives and promoting well-being for all ages for
development
Why is the UN SDG important?
support the idea of a sustainable population and provides access to those
without the resources and tools to create sustainable environments for growth
What are reproductive rights?
The basic right of all couples and individuals to decide the number and timing
of their children, having information, sexual and reproductive health, and the
right to make a decision free of discrimination or coercion
Do all women are the world have the same reproductive rights?
no
What is reproductive justice
complete physical, mental, spiritual, political, and social well-being of women
will be achieved when they have the power and resources to make health
decisions for themselves
Critical Social Theory
,understanding root causes of inequities and examines relationships of power in
society structures that produce inequities
what does critical social theory challenge
social inequities and injustices and their health impact
how does critical social theory challenge inequities
works with individuals, families, and multiple sector collaboration to influence
policies and address determinants
critical race theory
rooted in the understanding that race is a social construct and how it is
embedded within systems and institutions
critical race theory and health disparities
analyses the impact structures have on health outcomes between races and
groups
intersectionality
considers how different determinants and disparities overlap and interact with
one another to create advantages and disadvantages at individual and structural
levels
forced evacuation for Indigenous women
imposed by the government stating that Indigenous women who live on reserves
must leave traditions and support to travel to urban centres to give birth
2017 change for Indigenous women in labour?
government now provides funds for travel companion for Indigenous women
leaving communities to give birth
Implications of leaving community to give birth for Indigenous women?
feelings of loneliness, lack of traditions and practices incorporated into
experience and newborn care
allostatic load
can be caused by repeated exposure to stress by discrimination and racism
, what happens during allostatic load
stress induces cortisol, norepinephrine, and epinephrine which in high amounts
can cause high BP, cholesterol, and waist-hip ratio over time causing
physiological wear and aging
what are Black women at higher risk of in pregnancy
diabetes, preeclampsia, placental abruption, low birth weight, small gestational
age
higher rates of what complications for Black women
stillbirths, preterm birth, and c-section
obstetric racism
forms of violence and abuse that HCP and medical institutions perpetuate
against black women
hormone therapy and fertility
hormone therapy can have impacts on fertility for Trans youth and HCP must
discuss fertility preservation and/or birth control prior to hormone therapy
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
Partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to female
genital organs for non-medical reasons
types of FGM
normal, type one, type two, type 3
Type 1 FGM
partial or total removal of the clitoris
Type 2 FGM
partial or total removal of the clitoris and the labia minora
Type 3 FGM
labia majora sewn together covering the urethra and vagina leaving a small hole
or urine or menstrual fluid
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
what age group faces a higher risk of pregnancy complications?
Young adolescents between the ages of 10-14 face a higher risk of death and
complication due to pregnancy
94% of maternal deaths occur in what type of countries
low and lower middle-class income countries
________ die from preventable causes related to pregnancy
810 women
leading cause of death for children under 5
preterm birth complications
in Canada what type of women are at higher risk for maternal and infant
mortality
Indigenous and POC women
black women and pregnancy complications?
3-4 times more likely to die from complications
who is infant mortality twice as high for?
Indigenous women
what are health inequities
differences in health or distribution of resources between populations, caused by
social conditions in which people are born, work, grow, and live
how can we reduce health inequities
by the right mix of government policies
,what is social justice
focuses on the advantage that certain groups have compared to others, and
understanding the root causes of these inequities
what is the sole purpose of social justice
need to take responsible action to eliminate inequities
equality
equal rights for all groups and individuals regardless of varying disparities and
needs
equity
fair distribution of rights and resources that individual and groups require based
on their disparities and determinants
What is the UN Sustainable Development Goals?
made to ensure healthy lives and promoting well-being for all ages for
development
Why is the UN SDG important?
support the idea of a sustainable population and provides access to those
without the resources and tools to create sustainable environments for growth
What are reproductive rights?
The basic right of all couples and individuals to decide the number and timing
of their children, having information, sexual and reproductive health, and the
right to make a decision free of discrimination or coercion
Do all women are the world have the same reproductive rights?
no
What is reproductive justice
complete physical, mental, spiritual, political, and social well-being of women
will be achieved when they have the power and resources to make health
decisions for themselves
Critical Social Theory
,understanding root causes of inequities and examines relationships of power in
society structures that produce inequities
what does critical social theory challenge
social inequities and injustices and their health impact
how does critical social theory challenge inequities
works with individuals, families, and multiple sector collaboration to influence
policies and address determinants
critical race theory
rooted in the understanding that race is a social construct and how it is
embedded within systems and institutions
critical race theory and health disparities
analyses the impact structures have on health outcomes between races and
groups
intersectionality
considers how different determinants and disparities overlap and interact with
one another to create advantages and disadvantages at individual and structural
levels
forced evacuation for Indigenous women
imposed by the government stating that Indigenous women who live on reserves
must leave traditions and support to travel to urban centres to give birth
2017 change for Indigenous women in labour?
government now provides funds for travel companion for Indigenous women
leaving communities to give birth
Implications of leaving community to give birth for Indigenous women?
feelings of loneliness, lack of traditions and practices incorporated into
experience and newborn care
allostatic load
can be caused by repeated exposure to stress by discrimination and racism
, what happens during allostatic load
stress induces cortisol, norepinephrine, and epinephrine which in high amounts
can cause high BP, cholesterol, and waist-hip ratio over time causing
physiological wear and aging
what are Black women at higher risk of in pregnancy
diabetes, preeclampsia, placental abruption, low birth weight, small gestational
age
higher rates of what complications for Black women
stillbirths, preterm birth, and c-section
obstetric racism
forms of violence and abuse that HCP and medical institutions perpetuate
against black women
hormone therapy and fertility
hormone therapy can have impacts on fertility for Trans youth and HCP must
discuss fertility preservation and/or birth control prior to hormone therapy
Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)
Partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to female
genital organs for non-medical reasons
types of FGM
normal, type one, type two, type 3
Type 1 FGM
partial or total removal of the clitoris
Type 2 FGM
partial or total removal of the clitoris and the labia minora
Type 3 FGM
labia majora sewn together covering the urethra and vagina leaving a small hole
or urine or menstrual fluid
