American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED Lewis Exam Study Guide

What are the three steps to follow in any emergency? - Check, Call, Care How long should each rescue breath last on victims of all ages? - 1 second Which situations could signal that there is an emergency? - Unusual behaviors, unusual sounds, and unusual odors You should continue CPR until - 1. Scene becomes unsafe 2. An EMS personnel arrives and takes over 3. Show obvious signs of life 4. You are too tired to continue 5. You are alone and you need to grab an AED and to call 9-1-1 Signs of a stroke - 1. One side of the face is drooping 2. One arm is weak 3. Speech is slurred List at least 4 signs or symptoms of a heart attack- - 1. Chest pain 2. Nausea or Vomiting 3. Sweating 4. Unresponsiveness What is the purpose of Good Samaritan Law? - To help protect people who voluntarily give care without accepting anything in return The cycle of chest compression and rescue breaths on ALL ages is ---------- compressions to --------- rescue breaths. - 30:2 If you suspect a person is experiencing heat stroke, what is the preferred thing you should do immediately after calling 9-1-1 and getting equipment or telling someone to do so? - Immerse the person up to their neck in cold water. It is important to follow the Cardiac Chain of Survival is because: - Following the links helps improve the person's chance of survival You are with a person who is responsive and showing signs and symptoms of a life-threatening condition, but he/she does not give you consent to provide care. What should you do? - Do not give care and call 9-1-1 Describe at least 3 characteristics of effective chest compressions - 1. Allow complete chest recoil 2. Push hard and fast 3. Rate of at least 30 compressions per minute When you give care to an adult or a child (who is able to stand) who is responsive and choking, where should you position your fist to give abdominal thrusts? - In the middle of the abdomen, just above the naval. List 4 situations that are medical emergencies for which you should call 9-1-1 - 1. Any person about 12 years or older who is unresponsive. 2. A child or an infant whom you witnessed suddenly collapse. 3. An unresponsive child or infant known to have heart problems. 4. Severe bleeding When to give CPR to a child: - Compress the chest straight down and fast, at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute and give chest compressions that are smooth and regular. You are going to give CPR to an adult, child or infant and your first rescue breath does not cause the chest to rise. What do you do? - Re-tilt the head to ensure (make sure) that the airway is properly opened and ensure that the nose and mouth are properly sealed before giving the second rescue breath. List at least 3 common causes of sudden cardiac arrest in children. - 1. Breathing Emergency 2. Drowning 3. Trauma If you are wearing latex-free disposable gloves, you should: - 1. Avoid touching other surfaces unnecessarily while you are wearing gloves. 2. Change gloves after providing care for one person and before providing care for the next. 3. Wash your hands after removing gloves. Which of the following statements about cardiac arrest is true? - A person who is in cardiac arrest is not responsive, not breathing, and has no heartbeat. Which of the following statements about heart attack is true? - Heart attack occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked. A child or adult is choking on a piece of hard candy. He is coughing forcefully. What should you do? - Stay with him and encourage him to continue coughing When giving CPR an adult, how many hands do you use and where do you place them? - Two hands on the lower half of the breastbone You discover a child on the ground who is not responsive and is not breathing normally. You are alone. There is no one to call 9-1-1. What should you do? - Give about 2 minutes of CPR and then call 9-1-1 and get an AED. When giving CPR to an infant, how should you place your hands when giving chest compressions? - One hand on the forehead and two fingers on the center of the chest When giving CPR to a child, how should you place your hands when giving chest compressions? - One or two hands on the center of the chest and compress at least 2 inches. About how many seconds should you check for breathing? - 5-10 seconds What care should you give to an infant who is responsive and cannot cough, cry or breath? - 5 back blows and 5 chest thrusts How should you position a responsive and choking infant to give back blows? - Face-down, with the infant's head lower than his or her chest A person is experiencing life-threatening bleeding from their neck. Is it appropriate to use a tourniquet to stop bleeding in this case. - No You are giving CPR to a child -- how deep should you compress the chest? - 2 inches When giving CPR to an infant, how far should you tilt their head to open the airway when giving rescue breaths? - Neutral position You see a person collapse in front of you. You check the scene then check for her responsiveness but she does not respond and she is not breathing. What should you do next? - Send someone to call 9-1-1 and to get the first aid kit and to get an AED while you begin CPR. Where do you place your hand/fingers to give CPR to an infant? - 2 fingers on the center of the chest just below the nipple line A child is choking and he/she becomes unresponsive. What should you do? - Lower the child to a firm, flat surface and begin CPR, starting with compressions. When giving CPR to an infant, about how deep should you compress the chest? - 1 1/2 inches When giving CPR to an adult, how far should you press down with each compression? - At least 2 inches. When conducting a SAM interview, ask the patient about all of the following EXCEPT? - When the person's age is For every minute that the AED shock is delayed, the victim's chance of survival drops -------. - 10% What are the benefits of CPR and early defibrillation when a person is in cardiac arrest? - They can give the person the best chance for surviving cardiac arrest.