MIP 300 Final exam
Questions and Answers
who provides the lipids in a viral envelope✅✅the cell
all viruses have a protein coat✅✅true
a virulent phage can inadvertently package host cell chromosome into phage particles✅✅true
you have a bacterium that picks up a new gene by Hfr conjugation. what is an explanation of
why progeny of this bacterium express this trait?✅✅the gene is integrated into the genome
after successful transformation of a fragment of chromosomal DNA, the recipient (female) will
become a donor (male) capable of creating a sex pili to transfer DNA✅✅false
you isolate a virulent page. It can perform specialized transduction✅✅false
you want to know if a baby still has vaccine neutralizing antibody that it received from its mom
in utero. Which of the following types of ELISAs would you run? one that tests for✅✅IgG
in differential centrifugation, virus is first centrifuged at a slow speed, the supernatant is removed
and re-centrifuged at a very fast speed✅✅true
Virus stocks prepared by differential centrifugation and gradient centrifugation are equally
clean✅✅false
hemagglutination assay✅✅determines highest dilution of virus that causes red blood cells to
clump together
cytopathic effect✅✅a visible effect on a host cell, caused by a virus, that may result in host cell
damage or death
immuno fluorescence assay✅✅primarily on biological samples and is classically defined as a
procedure to detect antigens in cellular contexts using antibodies.
plaque assay✅✅method used to measure the number of viral particles present in a sample
a temperate phage can inadvertently package host cell chromosome into phage particles✅✅true
you isolate a bacterium that can transfer genes to other bacteria only when it is in direct contact
with these bacteria. it is most likely transferring the genes by✅✅conjugation
,a piece of host cell dna bound to a piece of phage dna after excising from the chromosome. when
this phage that contains host cell dna infects a new cell, will the new cell be killed by this
infection?✅✅no
after successful generalized transduction, the recipient (female) will become a donor (male)
capable of creating a sex pili to transfer dna✅✅false
can a temperate phage perform generalized and specialized transduction?✅✅yes
what kind of organism can carry out the conversion of O2 --> H2O?✅✅aerobic respiration and
aerobic chemolithotrophy
an error in dna replication causes a mutation changing AGG to CGG, what change do you
expect?✅✅no change to protein function
the organism with the more positive reduction potential will produce more energy✅✅true
dna ligase forms✅✅the last phosphodiester bond between dna single strands
dna ligase forms hydrogen bonds✅✅false
for each acetyl-coA that enters the TCA cycle, how many ATP are generayed by substrate level
phosphorylation✅✅1
you correctly perform a gran stain on bacteria that contain LPS, what color will you see on the
slide?✅✅pink
a bacterium contains 2 carbohydrates and 5 different amino acids in its cell wall. What color will
it gram stain?✅✅purple
an antibiotic inhibits ribosome function and prevents bacteria from sporulating. which step in
sporulation is affected✅✅formation of spore coats
a bacterium is known to be a psychophile. which of the following would be true for this
organism?✅✅generation time shortest at 0-20 degrees celcsius and growth rate the fastest
you grow a bacteria in a tube that is loosely capped. it grows evenly throughout the tube. the
bacteria is likely✅✅aerotolerant anaerobe
a bacterium has recently acquired antibiotic resistance, which of the following could NOT be a
way this occurred✅✅someone stopped taking her antibiotics early
which of the following antibiotic mechanisms would be achieve selective toxicity✅✅stop cell
wall synthesis
, what is the most effective type of vaccine? will you have full immunity if you get the vaccine 5
days before exposure✅✅attenuated; no
you have abdominal pain, headache and a bacterial blood infection. are these signs or symptoms?
what type of antibody?✅✅symptoms and IgG
you isolate a new canine virus that is similiar to a virus previously seen in birds. what type of
change has occured?✅✅antigenic shift
newborns get some protections from their mothers. what is protecting them? where is the
protection coming from?✅✅IgA and igG and breast milk and placenta
how many different B cells will be specific for a bacterium with a protein with 4 binding sites
and a protein with 3✅✅7, one B cell for each epitope
covid-19 appears to be transmitted before someone develops signs or symptoms. what type of
carrier is this?✅✅incubatory carrier
you go to the ER for a severe drop in blood pressure. which of the following might be
responsible? how will it stain?✅✅endotoxin or superantigen, pink or purple
a patient has a B cell mutation that prevents antibody production. Which can they still do at
normal levels?✅✅activate CTLs specific for the virus
you start having diarrhea 4 hours after eating at a sketchy taco shop. This is likely a✅✅food
intoxication
to ensure a gene inserted in a plasmid is in the correct orientation you should use✅✅2 different
sticky ends
prions cause disease by✅✅converting normal proteins to abnormal proteins
an antiviral that inactivates transcriptase activity will be effective against a + sense RNA
virus✅✅false
for a negative sense RNA virus, protein translation will start before replicase acts✅✅true
you get a cold sore which heals then you get another one 2 years later. what likely causes
this?✅✅the virus was latent during this time
you mix dead S strain with a live R strain of bacteria that is not competent. Will the mouse live
or die?✅✅mouse will live
Questions and Answers
who provides the lipids in a viral envelope✅✅the cell
all viruses have a protein coat✅✅true
a virulent phage can inadvertently package host cell chromosome into phage particles✅✅true
you have a bacterium that picks up a new gene by Hfr conjugation. what is an explanation of
why progeny of this bacterium express this trait?✅✅the gene is integrated into the genome
after successful transformation of a fragment of chromosomal DNA, the recipient (female) will
become a donor (male) capable of creating a sex pili to transfer DNA✅✅false
you isolate a virulent page. It can perform specialized transduction✅✅false
you want to know if a baby still has vaccine neutralizing antibody that it received from its mom
in utero. Which of the following types of ELISAs would you run? one that tests for✅✅IgG
in differential centrifugation, virus is first centrifuged at a slow speed, the supernatant is removed
and re-centrifuged at a very fast speed✅✅true
Virus stocks prepared by differential centrifugation and gradient centrifugation are equally
clean✅✅false
hemagglutination assay✅✅determines highest dilution of virus that causes red blood cells to
clump together
cytopathic effect✅✅a visible effect on a host cell, caused by a virus, that may result in host cell
damage or death
immuno fluorescence assay✅✅primarily on biological samples and is classically defined as a
procedure to detect antigens in cellular contexts using antibodies.
plaque assay✅✅method used to measure the number of viral particles present in a sample
a temperate phage can inadvertently package host cell chromosome into phage particles✅✅true
you isolate a bacterium that can transfer genes to other bacteria only when it is in direct contact
with these bacteria. it is most likely transferring the genes by✅✅conjugation
,a piece of host cell dna bound to a piece of phage dna after excising from the chromosome. when
this phage that contains host cell dna infects a new cell, will the new cell be killed by this
infection?✅✅no
after successful generalized transduction, the recipient (female) will become a donor (male)
capable of creating a sex pili to transfer dna✅✅false
can a temperate phage perform generalized and specialized transduction?✅✅yes
what kind of organism can carry out the conversion of O2 --> H2O?✅✅aerobic respiration and
aerobic chemolithotrophy
an error in dna replication causes a mutation changing AGG to CGG, what change do you
expect?✅✅no change to protein function
the organism with the more positive reduction potential will produce more energy✅✅true
dna ligase forms✅✅the last phosphodiester bond between dna single strands
dna ligase forms hydrogen bonds✅✅false
for each acetyl-coA that enters the TCA cycle, how many ATP are generayed by substrate level
phosphorylation✅✅1
you correctly perform a gran stain on bacteria that contain LPS, what color will you see on the
slide?✅✅pink
a bacterium contains 2 carbohydrates and 5 different amino acids in its cell wall. What color will
it gram stain?✅✅purple
an antibiotic inhibits ribosome function and prevents bacteria from sporulating. which step in
sporulation is affected✅✅formation of spore coats
a bacterium is known to be a psychophile. which of the following would be true for this
organism?✅✅generation time shortest at 0-20 degrees celcsius and growth rate the fastest
you grow a bacteria in a tube that is loosely capped. it grows evenly throughout the tube. the
bacteria is likely✅✅aerotolerant anaerobe
a bacterium has recently acquired antibiotic resistance, which of the following could NOT be a
way this occurred✅✅someone stopped taking her antibiotics early
which of the following antibiotic mechanisms would be achieve selective toxicity✅✅stop cell
wall synthesis
, what is the most effective type of vaccine? will you have full immunity if you get the vaccine 5
days before exposure✅✅attenuated; no
you have abdominal pain, headache and a bacterial blood infection. are these signs or symptoms?
what type of antibody?✅✅symptoms and IgG
you isolate a new canine virus that is similiar to a virus previously seen in birds. what type of
change has occured?✅✅antigenic shift
newborns get some protections from their mothers. what is protecting them? where is the
protection coming from?✅✅IgA and igG and breast milk and placenta
how many different B cells will be specific for a bacterium with a protein with 4 binding sites
and a protein with 3✅✅7, one B cell for each epitope
covid-19 appears to be transmitted before someone develops signs or symptoms. what type of
carrier is this?✅✅incubatory carrier
you go to the ER for a severe drop in blood pressure. which of the following might be
responsible? how will it stain?✅✅endotoxin or superantigen, pink or purple
a patient has a B cell mutation that prevents antibody production. Which can they still do at
normal levels?✅✅activate CTLs specific for the virus
you start having diarrhea 4 hours after eating at a sketchy taco shop. This is likely a✅✅food
intoxication
to ensure a gene inserted in a plasmid is in the correct orientation you should use✅✅2 different
sticky ends
prions cause disease by✅✅converting normal proteins to abnormal proteins
an antiviral that inactivates transcriptase activity will be effective against a + sense RNA
virus✅✅false
for a negative sense RNA virus, protein translation will start before replicase acts✅✅true
you get a cold sore which heals then you get another one 2 years later. what likely causes
this?✅✅the virus was latent during this time
you mix dead S strain with a live R strain of bacteria that is not competent. Will the mouse live
or die?✅✅mouse will live
