NURS 487 MidTerm Prep Questions And
Verified Detailed Answers
What is coronary circulation? - ANSWER Blood supply to the heart
What does the right coronary artery supply? (4) - ANSWER SA node
AV node
Right atrium
Right ventricle
What does the left coronary artery supply? (3) - ANSWER Left ventricle
Left atrium
Interventricular septum
Where do the coronary veins deliver deoxygenated blood? - ANSWER To the Coronary
Sinus back to the RA.
What coronary vein drains directly to the RA? - ANSWER Anterior vein
What is anatomy of the heart? -ANSWER Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary valve
Left atrium
Bicuspid valve
Left ventricle
,Aortic valve
What is action potential? -ANSWER Electrical impulse that moves down the axon to
cause the release of neurotransmitters.
Does the heart require stimulation from the nervous system to pump? - ANSWER No,
unlike skeletal muscle the heart does not require nervous impulses to pump.
What does the nervous system do to the heart? - ANSWER It has the ability to speed it up
or slow it down but not generate beats.
What is the main pacemaker of the heart? -ANSWER Sinoatrial node (SA), initiates all
heart beats and is in control of heart rate/rhythm.
If the SA node is damaged to the point of nonfunction, what structure(s) takes over? (2)
-ANSWER 1.) AV node
2.) Bundle of His
What is the conduction pathway of the heart? -ANSWER SA node, AV node, (delay of 120
ms) bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers
What does the AV node stimulate? - ANSWER The R/L atrium.
What does the Purkinje fibers stimulate? - ANSWER The R/L ventricles.
What is Starling's law of the heart? - ANSWER The more the heart fills (preload), the
stronger the force of contraction.
What is end diastolic volume? - ANSWER Volume of blood in ventricles before
contraction.
,What part of the nervous system prepares you for activity? (Fight or Flight) - ANSWER
Sympathetic (SNS).
What part of the nervous system calms you down? (Rest & Digest) - ANSWER
Parasympathetic (PNS).
How does fetal circulation work? - ANSWER oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from
placenta carried to fetus via umbilical vein → half enters Ductus venosus (allows blood
to bypass the liver) →carried to inferior vena cava → RA → RV → Ductus arteriosus
(conducts some blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta [bypassing the lungs/fetal
pulmonary circulation]) → aorta. Other half goes into liver/portal vein → RA → Foramen
ovale (since there is no gas exchange in fetal lung, it allows blood to bypass pulmonary
circulation by entering directly into the left atrias from the right atrias) → LA → LV →
aorta.
What are the 3 kinds of heart problems? - ANSWER Inside: valve or chamber problems
Outside: CA, DVT, etc.
Conduction: SA node
What is IPAP-S and what does it do? - ANSWER Inspect
Palpate
Auscultate
Percuss
Smell
Quick way to evaluate patients
Where is your apical pulse? - ANSWER 5th intercoastal at the apex of the heart.
Basically your mitral location for auscultation.
, What is the acronym for heart sounds? - ANSWER All People Enjoy Time Magazine
(Aortic, pulmonic, erbs point, tricuspid, mitral)
If the patient has JVD what type of heart failure does it indicate? -ANSWER Right sided
heart failure. JVD is occurring due to volume overload in the RA because of increased
right sided heart pressure. The RA or RV isn't functioning properly.
What is a splinter hemorrhage and what does this indicate? -ANSWER Thin strip of
hemorrhage under the nail seen in endocarditis
ecchymosis - ANSWER Bruising of the skin
petechiae - ANSWER Small dot like pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin.
purpura - ANSWER A rash of purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding of small blood
vessels
pallor - ANSWER An unhealthy pale appearance
What is nail clubbing, when is it most commonly found? - ANSWER Clubbing is raised
nail bed and occurs with chronic hypoxemia.
What is mottling? - ANSWER Lacy, red or blue pattern from dilated vessels
What are the normal lab values for: Platelets, WBCs, & Hemoglobin - ANSWER Platelets:
150,000-400,000
WBC: 5,000-10,000
Hemoglobin: Men: 13.5-17.5
Women: 12-15.5
Verified Detailed Answers
What is coronary circulation? - ANSWER Blood supply to the heart
What does the right coronary artery supply? (4) - ANSWER SA node
AV node
Right atrium
Right ventricle
What does the left coronary artery supply? (3) - ANSWER Left ventricle
Left atrium
Interventricular septum
Where do the coronary veins deliver deoxygenated blood? - ANSWER To the Coronary
Sinus back to the RA.
What coronary vein drains directly to the RA? - ANSWER Anterior vein
What is anatomy of the heart? -ANSWER Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary valve
Left atrium
Bicuspid valve
Left ventricle
,Aortic valve
What is action potential? -ANSWER Electrical impulse that moves down the axon to
cause the release of neurotransmitters.
Does the heart require stimulation from the nervous system to pump? - ANSWER No,
unlike skeletal muscle the heart does not require nervous impulses to pump.
What does the nervous system do to the heart? - ANSWER It has the ability to speed it up
or slow it down but not generate beats.
What is the main pacemaker of the heart? -ANSWER Sinoatrial node (SA), initiates all
heart beats and is in control of heart rate/rhythm.
If the SA node is damaged to the point of nonfunction, what structure(s) takes over? (2)
-ANSWER 1.) AV node
2.) Bundle of His
What is the conduction pathway of the heart? -ANSWER SA node, AV node, (delay of 120
ms) bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers
What does the AV node stimulate? - ANSWER The R/L atrium.
What does the Purkinje fibers stimulate? - ANSWER The R/L ventricles.
What is Starling's law of the heart? - ANSWER The more the heart fills (preload), the
stronger the force of contraction.
What is end diastolic volume? - ANSWER Volume of blood in ventricles before
contraction.
,What part of the nervous system prepares you for activity? (Fight or Flight) - ANSWER
Sympathetic (SNS).
What part of the nervous system calms you down? (Rest & Digest) - ANSWER
Parasympathetic (PNS).
How does fetal circulation work? - ANSWER oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from
placenta carried to fetus via umbilical vein → half enters Ductus venosus (allows blood
to bypass the liver) →carried to inferior vena cava → RA → RV → Ductus arteriosus
(conducts some blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta [bypassing the lungs/fetal
pulmonary circulation]) → aorta. Other half goes into liver/portal vein → RA → Foramen
ovale (since there is no gas exchange in fetal lung, it allows blood to bypass pulmonary
circulation by entering directly into the left atrias from the right atrias) → LA → LV →
aorta.
What are the 3 kinds of heart problems? - ANSWER Inside: valve or chamber problems
Outside: CA, DVT, etc.
Conduction: SA node
What is IPAP-S and what does it do? - ANSWER Inspect
Palpate
Auscultate
Percuss
Smell
Quick way to evaluate patients
Where is your apical pulse? - ANSWER 5th intercoastal at the apex of the heart.
Basically your mitral location for auscultation.
, What is the acronym for heart sounds? - ANSWER All People Enjoy Time Magazine
(Aortic, pulmonic, erbs point, tricuspid, mitral)
If the patient has JVD what type of heart failure does it indicate? -ANSWER Right sided
heart failure. JVD is occurring due to volume overload in the RA because of increased
right sided heart pressure. The RA or RV isn't functioning properly.
What is a splinter hemorrhage and what does this indicate? -ANSWER Thin strip of
hemorrhage under the nail seen in endocarditis
ecchymosis - ANSWER Bruising of the skin
petechiae - ANSWER Small dot like pinpoint hemorrhages on the skin.
purpura - ANSWER A rash of purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding of small blood
vessels
pallor - ANSWER An unhealthy pale appearance
What is nail clubbing, when is it most commonly found? - ANSWER Clubbing is raised
nail bed and occurs with chronic hypoxemia.
What is mottling? - ANSWER Lacy, red or blue pattern from dilated vessels
What are the normal lab values for: Platelets, WBCs, & Hemoglobin - ANSWER Platelets:
150,000-400,000
WBC: 5,000-10,000
Hemoglobin: Men: 13.5-17.5
Women: 12-15.5
