NURS 207 Final Exam Questions And Verified
Detailed Answers
Egypt Health beliefs and practices
Valued personal health; preventive measures taken to appease the gods
Developed specific laws on cleanliness, food use and preservation, drinking, exercise,
and sexual relations, and a pharmacopeia with over 700 natural remedies
Palestine Developed the Mosaic code, one of the earliest organized methods of disease
control and prevention
Greece Health beliefs
Believed that the gods and goddesses of Greek mythology controlled health and illness
Temples built to honor Aesclepius, the god of medicine, were designated to care for the
sick
India - Response Vedas (2000-1200 BC), sacred Hindu books, were the source of
information about health practices Vedas stressed hygiene and prevention of sickness
China - Response Teachings of Confucius (531-479 bc) had a strong influence on health
practices
Believed in the yin and yang philosophy; an imbalance between the two would result in ill
health
Rome - Answer Adapted health and medical practices from the countries conquered
and the physicians enslaved (27 bc-476 ad)
Established the first military hospital in Europe in Rome
Both male and female attendants cared for the sick
,Military nursing orders were developed exclusively by men
Practiced advanced hygiene and sanitation
Middle Ages - Answer Woman used herbs and new methods of healing
Women took care of the ill in their homes
Men resorted to purging, leeching and mercury
Physicians used more time in translating medical essays than attending to their medical
patients
Roman Catholic church became the central figure in health care
Emperor's wife and others became nurses
All major changes in healthcare depended on charity and sanctity of human life
The cross used during this period became a badge and forerunner for the shapes of
nursing pins
The Renaissance and The Reformation Period - Answer
marked advancement of medicine: pharmacology, chemistry, and medical
knowledge"Dark ages" of nursing
Religious orders became just about extinct because of conflict between Roman Catholic
Christians and Protestant sects
Nursing no longer appealed to women of high social status; hospital care was regulated
to common women, prisoners, thieves, and drunks
Nursing became an undesirable job with poor pay, long hours, and strenuous work that
was considered menial
Filthy
Colonial America - Answer Health care was sadly deficient; life expectancy was low;
plagues such as yellow fever and smallpox were a constant threat
Physicians were poorly educated and resorted to such harsh treatments as bleeding
and purgatives
Through the efforts of Benjamin Franklin, Pennsylvania Hospital was the first hospital to
be built in the United States in 1751
Florence Nightingale - Answer Founder of professional nursing
, Legitimized the use of aseptic procedures and disease transmission precautions
Considered one of the founders of nursing research
Legitimized the use of political action to promote health care reform
Established the first nursing school in England
Credited as the founder of professional nursing services, established social services,
spent as many as 20 hours daily providing nursing care
Utilized principles of asepsis and infection control, implemented physician's orders
transcription system, and a patient record-keeping system
Kept meticulous statistics- documented a decrease in the mortality rate of soldiers from
42% to 2% due to health care changes that emphasized sanitary conditions
Mary Seacole - Answer Jamaican nurse who played a prominent role in the Crimean War
Due to the fact she was black she was not allowed to join Nightingale's nursing brigade
Used her own finances to establish a lodging house to tend to sick and injured soldiers
Because of his vast knowledge in the field of tropical medicine, he aided in containing
the cholera epidemic
Awarded a medal by the Jamaican government and the British Commonwealth for
saving the lives of "thousands of sick and wounded soldiers"
Dorothea Dix - Answer named to establish military hospitals, distribute trained nurses,
and distribute supplies; this position carried no official status and no salary
The Civil War Period - Answer No army nurses and no organized medical corps when the
war began
6 million people hospitalized during the war—500,000 surgical cases; 2000 nurses
served in the war
181 African American nurses, both men and women, served from 1863 to 1864.
Caucasian nurses made $12.00 per month; African American nurses made $10.00
Epidemics plagued the country: syphilis, gonorrhea, malaria, smallpox, and typhoid
Clara Barton - Answer ran a war relief program; formed the American Red Cross
Detailed Answers
Egypt Health beliefs and practices
Valued personal health; preventive measures taken to appease the gods
Developed specific laws on cleanliness, food use and preservation, drinking, exercise,
and sexual relations, and a pharmacopeia with over 700 natural remedies
Palestine Developed the Mosaic code, one of the earliest organized methods of disease
control and prevention
Greece Health beliefs
Believed that the gods and goddesses of Greek mythology controlled health and illness
Temples built to honor Aesclepius, the god of medicine, were designated to care for the
sick
India - Response Vedas (2000-1200 BC), sacred Hindu books, were the source of
information about health practices Vedas stressed hygiene and prevention of sickness
China - Response Teachings of Confucius (531-479 bc) had a strong influence on health
practices
Believed in the yin and yang philosophy; an imbalance between the two would result in ill
health
Rome - Answer Adapted health and medical practices from the countries conquered
and the physicians enslaved (27 bc-476 ad)
Established the first military hospital in Europe in Rome
Both male and female attendants cared for the sick
,Military nursing orders were developed exclusively by men
Practiced advanced hygiene and sanitation
Middle Ages - Answer Woman used herbs and new methods of healing
Women took care of the ill in their homes
Men resorted to purging, leeching and mercury
Physicians used more time in translating medical essays than attending to their medical
patients
Roman Catholic church became the central figure in health care
Emperor's wife and others became nurses
All major changes in healthcare depended on charity and sanctity of human life
The cross used during this period became a badge and forerunner for the shapes of
nursing pins
The Renaissance and The Reformation Period - Answer
marked advancement of medicine: pharmacology, chemistry, and medical
knowledge"Dark ages" of nursing
Religious orders became just about extinct because of conflict between Roman Catholic
Christians and Protestant sects
Nursing no longer appealed to women of high social status; hospital care was regulated
to common women, prisoners, thieves, and drunks
Nursing became an undesirable job with poor pay, long hours, and strenuous work that
was considered menial
Filthy
Colonial America - Answer Health care was sadly deficient; life expectancy was low;
plagues such as yellow fever and smallpox were a constant threat
Physicians were poorly educated and resorted to such harsh treatments as bleeding
and purgatives
Through the efforts of Benjamin Franklin, Pennsylvania Hospital was the first hospital to
be built in the United States in 1751
Florence Nightingale - Answer Founder of professional nursing
, Legitimized the use of aseptic procedures and disease transmission precautions
Considered one of the founders of nursing research
Legitimized the use of political action to promote health care reform
Established the first nursing school in England
Credited as the founder of professional nursing services, established social services,
spent as many as 20 hours daily providing nursing care
Utilized principles of asepsis and infection control, implemented physician's orders
transcription system, and a patient record-keeping system
Kept meticulous statistics- documented a decrease in the mortality rate of soldiers from
42% to 2% due to health care changes that emphasized sanitary conditions
Mary Seacole - Answer Jamaican nurse who played a prominent role in the Crimean War
Due to the fact she was black she was not allowed to join Nightingale's nursing brigade
Used her own finances to establish a lodging house to tend to sick and injured soldiers
Because of his vast knowledge in the field of tropical medicine, he aided in containing
the cholera epidemic
Awarded a medal by the Jamaican government and the British Commonwealth for
saving the lives of "thousands of sick and wounded soldiers"
Dorothea Dix - Answer named to establish military hospitals, distribute trained nurses,
and distribute supplies; this position carried no official status and no salary
The Civil War Period - Answer No army nurses and no organized medical corps when the
war began
6 million people hospitalized during the war—500,000 surgical cases; 2000 nurses
served in the war
181 African American nurses, both men and women, served from 1863 to 1864.
Caucasian nurses made $12.00 per month; African American nurses made $10.00
Epidemics plagued the country: syphilis, gonorrhea, malaria, smallpox, and typhoid
Clara Barton - Answer ran a war relief program; formed the American Red Cross
