NSG 333 - Test 2 With Complete
Solution
level of consciousness - Answer Alertness or state of awareness of who, what, when,
and where the person is
Concept of Oxygenation - Answer the processes that facilitate and impair carrying
oxygen to tissues and carrying carbon dioxide from tissues
adequate perfusion is necessary to - Answer deliver oxygen-rich blood to tissues and
remove metabolic wastes from tissues
Adequate oxygenation supports - Answer metabolism, motion, tissue integrity, sleep,
and nutrition
risk factors for lungs - Answer Smoking
Secondhand smoke
Radon exposure
Asbestos
Environmental exposure to carcinogens and chemicals
Marijuana
Personal and family history of lung cancer or genetic lung diseases
Gender
Air pollution
Radiation to the chest
Cancers in other organs
Age-related respiratory problems for Infants - Answer premature, apnea, congestion,
choking spells
Age-related respiratory problems for Children - Answer choking, safety, recurrent
respiratory infections, allergies, breathing problems, respiratory disease
Age-related respiratory problems for Adolescents - Answer smoking, respiratory
problems
,Age-related respiratory variations for Older Adults - Answer flu shot and pneumonia
shot
At what age should older adults consider the pneumonia shot? - Answer Over 65
Healthy People 2020's Goal - Answer To reduce illness, disability, and death related to
tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure
Primary Prevention for Respiratory disease - Answer Routine counseling for smoking
cessation and recommend against the use of smokeless tobacco
Health promotion against respiratory disease - Answer Yearly flu vaccination and follow
the age recommendations and remain up to date on the following immunizations:
Measles/Mumps/Rubella (MMR), Tetanus/Diptheria/Pertussis (Tdap), Pneumococcal,
Varicella
general health history - Answer present, past, family, personal, and psychosocial history
Smoking cigarettes is documented in - Answer pack-years
How do you calculate pack years? - Answer number of years a client has smoked times
the number of packs of cigarettes smoked each day
Cigars, pipes, marijuana, chewing tobacco and snuff is recorded in - Answer amount
used daily
Employment/occupational environment considerations that facilitate respiratory
disease - Answer working around radioactive ores like uranium; inhaled chemicals like
arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, silica, vinyl cholide, nickel compounds, coal products,
mustard gas, diesel exhaust, dust, wood shavings, paint fumes
home environment considerations that facilitate respiratory disease - Answer roof leaks
that cause mold
ventilation - Answer the process of moving gases in and out of the lungs by inspiration or
expiration
diffusion - Answer the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide move from areas of
high concentration to areas of low concentrations
three main structures within the thorax (chest) - Answer mediastinum, right pleural
cavity, left pleural cavity
Mediastinum - Answer Centrally located space between the lungs
The pleural cavities are lined with - Answer parietal and visceral pleurae
How many lobes does the right lung have? - Answer 3 lobes
How many lobes does the left lung have? - Answer 2 lobes
,How many vertebrae protect the respiratory system? - Answer 11 thoracic vertebrae
How many pairs of ribs protect the respiratory system? - Answer 12 pairs of ribs
What is the name of the chest bone that protects the respiratory system? - Answer
Sternum
Floating ribs - Answer The eleventh and twelfth ribs, which do not connect to the
sternum
components of the sternum - Answer manubrium, body, xiphoid process
intercostal space is known as - Answer the area between the ribs
What are the primary muscles that facilitate breathing? - Answer diaphragm and
intercostal muscles
During inspiration, the diaphragm - Answer contracts and flattens
During expiration, the diaphragm - Answer relaxes and becomes a larger dome shape
Accessory muscles that contribute to breathing - Answer Sternocleidomastoid,
scalenus, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, and rectus abdominis, serratus posterior
superior, transverse thoracic, and serratus posterior inferior muscles
trachea - Answer a flexible tube that extends about 4 inches long in an adult and is also
called the windpipe
General considerations for respiratory disease - Answer exposure to respiratory
infections or travel
productive cough - Answer a cough that produces mucus or phlegm (sputum)
non-productive cough - Answer a cough that does not bring up any mucus or other
secretion, also known as a dry cough
Problem-based history due to respiratory issues - Answer Cough
Shortness of breath
Chest pain with breathing
Hoarseness or voice damage
Symptom analysis of the problem includes - Answer Onset
Location
Duration
Characterization
, Aggravation factors
Related Symptoms
Treatments
Severity
(OLDCARTS)
During the inspection process of looking at respiratory issues, what should you do? -
Answer -Observe respirations for rate, rhythm, and quality, breathing pattern, and chest
expansion.
-Inspect nails, skin, and lips for color.
-Thoracic cage (anteriorly and posteriorly): shape, symmetry, muscle development, AP
to L diameter, costal angle
-Skin color and condition
-Person's position
-Facial expression
-Level of consciousness
poor level of consciousness could indicate what? - Answer early signs of O2 deprivation
puckered lips when breathing indicates - Answer respiratory issues
normal costal angle - Answer 90 degrees
ribs should slope at - Answer 45 degrees
AP to L diameter should be - Answer 1:2 ratio
The patient should describe the details of a cough including - Answer color,
consistency, odor of sputum, and any other related symptoms
Symptoms related to cough - Answer shortness of breath (SOB), chest pain, loss of
sleep, stuffy nose, and gagging
When assessing cough, consider - Answer -Onset
-Dry or moist (productive or nonproductive); hacking or hoarse
-Frequency of occurrence
-Pitch and loudness
-Quality
Solution
level of consciousness - Answer Alertness or state of awareness of who, what, when,
and where the person is
Concept of Oxygenation - Answer the processes that facilitate and impair carrying
oxygen to tissues and carrying carbon dioxide from tissues
adequate perfusion is necessary to - Answer deliver oxygen-rich blood to tissues and
remove metabolic wastes from tissues
Adequate oxygenation supports - Answer metabolism, motion, tissue integrity, sleep,
and nutrition
risk factors for lungs - Answer Smoking
Secondhand smoke
Radon exposure
Asbestos
Environmental exposure to carcinogens and chemicals
Marijuana
Personal and family history of lung cancer or genetic lung diseases
Gender
Air pollution
Radiation to the chest
Cancers in other organs
Age-related respiratory problems for Infants - Answer premature, apnea, congestion,
choking spells
Age-related respiratory problems for Children - Answer choking, safety, recurrent
respiratory infections, allergies, breathing problems, respiratory disease
Age-related respiratory problems for Adolescents - Answer smoking, respiratory
problems
,Age-related respiratory variations for Older Adults - Answer flu shot and pneumonia
shot
At what age should older adults consider the pneumonia shot? - Answer Over 65
Healthy People 2020's Goal - Answer To reduce illness, disability, and death related to
tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure
Primary Prevention for Respiratory disease - Answer Routine counseling for smoking
cessation and recommend against the use of smokeless tobacco
Health promotion against respiratory disease - Answer Yearly flu vaccination and follow
the age recommendations and remain up to date on the following immunizations:
Measles/Mumps/Rubella (MMR), Tetanus/Diptheria/Pertussis (Tdap), Pneumococcal,
Varicella
general health history - Answer present, past, family, personal, and psychosocial history
Smoking cigarettes is documented in - Answer pack-years
How do you calculate pack years? - Answer number of years a client has smoked times
the number of packs of cigarettes smoked each day
Cigars, pipes, marijuana, chewing tobacco and snuff is recorded in - Answer amount
used daily
Employment/occupational environment considerations that facilitate respiratory
disease - Answer working around radioactive ores like uranium; inhaled chemicals like
arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, silica, vinyl cholide, nickel compounds, coal products,
mustard gas, diesel exhaust, dust, wood shavings, paint fumes
home environment considerations that facilitate respiratory disease - Answer roof leaks
that cause mold
ventilation - Answer the process of moving gases in and out of the lungs by inspiration or
expiration
diffusion - Answer the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide move from areas of
high concentration to areas of low concentrations
three main structures within the thorax (chest) - Answer mediastinum, right pleural
cavity, left pleural cavity
Mediastinum - Answer Centrally located space between the lungs
The pleural cavities are lined with - Answer parietal and visceral pleurae
How many lobes does the right lung have? - Answer 3 lobes
How many lobes does the left lung have? - Answer 2 lobes
,How many vertebrae protect the respiratory system? - Answer 11 thoracic vertebrae
How many pairs of ribs protect the respiratory system? - Answer 12 pairs of ribs
What is the name of the chest bone that protects the respiratory system? - Answer
Sternum
Floating ribs - Answer The eleventh and twelfth ribs, which do not connect to the
sternum
components of the sternum - Answer manubrium, body, xiphoid process
intercostal space is known as - Answer the area between the ribs
What are the primary muscles that facilitate breathing? - Answer diaphragm and
intercostal muscles
During inspiration, the diaphragm - Answer contracts and flattens
During expiration, the diaphragm - Answer relaxes and becomes a larger dome shape
Accessory muscles that contribute to breathing - Answer Sternocleidomastoid,
scalenus, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, and rectus abdominis, serratus posterior
superior, transverse thoracic, and serratus posterior inferior muscles
trachea - Answer a flexible tube that extends about 4 inches long in an adult and is also
called the windpipe
General considerations for respiratory disease - Answer exposure to respiratory
infections or travel
productive cough - Answer a cough that produces mucus or phlegm (sputum)
non-productive cough - Answer a cough that does not bring up any mucus or other
secretion, also known as a dry cough
Problem-based history due to respiratory issues - Answer Cough
Shortness of breath
Chest pain with breathing
Hoarseness or voice damage
Symptom analysis of the problem includes - Answer Onset
Location
Duration
Characterization
, Aggravation factors
Related Symptoms
Treatments
Severity
(OLDCARTS)
During the inspection process of looking at respiratory issues, what should you do? -
Answer -Observe respirations for rate, rhythm, and quality, breathing pattern, and chest
expansion.
-Inspect nails, skin, and lips for color.
-Thoracic cage (anteriorly and posteriorly): shape, symmetry, muscle development, AP
to L diameter, costal angle
-Skin color and condition
-Person's position
-Facial expression
-Level of consciousness
poor level of consciousness could indicate what? - Answer early signs of O2 deprivation
puckered lips when breathing indicates - Answer respiratory issues
normal costal angle - Answer 90 degrees
ribs should slope at - Answer 45 degrees
AP to L diameter should be - Answer 1:2 ratio
The patient should describe the details of a cough including - Answer color,
consistency, odor of sputum, and any other related symptoms
Symptoms related to cough - Answer shortness of breath (SOB), chest pain, loss of
sleep, stuffy nose, and gagging
When assessing cough, consider - Answer -Onset
-Dry or moist (productive or nonproductive); hacking or hoarse
-Frequency of occurrence
-Pitch and loudness
-Quality
