Chemistry Chapter I: Matter and Change
Matter and its Properties
❖ Matter-anything that has mass and takes up space
❖ Mass-a measure of the amount of matter in an object
❖ Weight-a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object
➢ I. Basic Building Blocks of Matter
❖ Atom-the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that
element
❖ Element-a pure substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler
substances and is made of one type of atom. They are found in the periodic table
● Examples: carbon (that contains one atom elements), gold, hydrogen, oxygen, zine
❖ Compound-a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by
chemical bonds
● Examples: water (made up of two elements), sodium chloride (salt), sucrose (table
sugar), NaHCO2 (soluble salt)
➢ II. Properties and Changes in Matter
❖ Physical Property-a characteristic that can be observed that does not involve changing
the identity of the substance
● Examples: color, shape, mass, volume, viscosity
❖ Physical Change-a change of matter from one form to another without a change in
chemical properties
● Examples: tearing, cutting, melting, boiling
❖ Change of State- the change of a substance from one physical state to another
❖ Chemical Property-a property of matter that describes a substance’s ability to transform
into different substances
Matter and its Properties
❖ Matter-anything that has mass and takes up space
❖ Mass-a measure of the amount of matter in an object
❖ Weight-a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object
➢ I. Basic Building Blocks of Matter
❖ Atom-the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of that
element
❖ Element-a pure substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler
substances and is made of one type of atom. They are found in the periodic table
● Examples: carbon (that contains one atom elements), gold, hydrogen, oxygen, zine
❖ Compound-a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by
chemical bonds
● Examples: water (made up of two elements), sodium chloride (salt), sucrose (table
sugar), NaHCO2 (soluble salt)
➢ II. Properties and Changes in Matter
❖ Physical Property-a characteristic that can be observed that does not involve changing
the identity of the substance
● Examples: color, shape, mass, volume, viscosity
❖ Physical Change-a change of matter from one form to another without a change in
chemical properties
● Examples: tearing, cutting, melting, boiling
❖ Change of State- the change of a substance from one physical state to another
❖ Chemical Property-a property of matter that describes a substance’s ability to transform
into different substances
