NURS 5315 UTA EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECTLY SOLVED
ANSWERS.
HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) - Correct Answer-can use urine,
saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure
to see antibodies, >99% accurate
4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"
measures P24 antigen
can test 10 days post exposure
Mast cell - Correct Answer-Cellular bags of granules located in loose
connective tissue close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory
process.
Histamine - Correct Answer-Causes vasodilation, increases vascular
permeability, increases blood flow to the site of injury- causes erythema and
swelling.
Cytokines - Correct Answer-Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation
of innate or adaptive resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be
pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more
delayed.
Leukotrines - Correct Answer-Released when mast cells degranulate, prolong
the inflammatory process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils,
monocytes, and eosinophils. Target of inhibition for singular.
Prostaglandins - Correct Answer-Released when mast cells degranulate, are
produced by the arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet
aggregation at site of injury, pain, and fever.
Chemotactic factors - Correct Answer-Biochemical substance that attracts
leukocyte to the site of inflammation
, Neutrophils - Correct Answer-Predominant leukocyte at work during the early
stages of acute inflammation
Monocytes - Correct Answer-Become macrophages when entering the tissue,
responsible for presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-cell
immunity and B-cell immunity.
Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.
Cytokine IL1 function - Correct Answer-Causes fever, activates phagocytes &
lymphocytes and also increases the release of IL6a
Cytokine IL6 function - Correct Answer-Stimulates production of acute phase
reactants and promotes growth and stimulation of RBCs
Cytokine TNF function - Correct Answer-Causes fever, increases synthesis of
proinflammatory proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces
thrombosis
Cytokine growth factor function - Correct Answer-Promotes production and
maturation of neutrophils
Complement - Correct Answer-Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation
and increased vascular permeability, triggers mast cell degranulation,
chemotaxis, and opsonization.
Kinin - Correct Answer-Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for pain
and chemotaxis, and it increases vascular permeability and vasodilation.
Coagulation cascade - Correct Answer-Factor XII activates kinin. Function is
to form fibrin mesh to stop bleeding and trap microorganisms.
COX1 - Correct Answer-Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Provides
gastroprotection, platelet aggregation, fluid/electrolyte balance
COX2 - Correct Answer-Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Responsible
for pain, fever, renal protection, tissue repair, reproduction development.
COX2 inhibitors- clinical implications - Correct Answer-Protect gastric
mucosa- prevent ulcers and bleeding. Removed from market r/t cardiac
events except for Celebrex. Can impair renal function , monitor labs.
WITH CORRECTLY SOLVED
ANSWERS.
HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) - Correct Answer-can use urine,
saliva, or serum (most accurate), need to wait until 12 weeks post exposure
to see antibodies, >99% accurate
4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"
measures P24 antigen
can test 10 days post exposure
Mast cell - Correct Answer-Cellular bags of granules located in loose
connective tissue close to blood vessels. Activation initiates inflammatory
process.
Histamine - Correct Answer-Causes vasodilation, increases vascular
permeability, increases blood flow to the site of injury- causes erythema and
swelling.
Cytokines - Correct Answer-Soluble factors that contribute to the regulation
of innate or adaptive resistance by affecting other neighboring cells. Can be
pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more
delayed.
Leukotrines - Correct Answer-Released when mast cells degranulate, prolong
the inflammatory process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils,
monocytes, and eosinophils. Target of inhibition for singular.
Prostaglandins - Correct Answer-Released when mast cells degranulate, are
produced by the arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet
aggregation at site of injury, pain, and fever.
Chemotactic factors - Correct Answer-Biochemical substance that attracts
leukocyte to the site of inflammation
, Neutrophils - Correct Answer-Predominant leukocyte at work during the early
stages of acute inflammation
Monocytes - Correct Answer-Become macrophages when entering the tissue,
responsible for presenting antigens to the CD4 cell which triggers T-cell
immunity and B-cell immunity.
Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.
Cytokine IL1 function - Correct Answer-Causes fever, activates phagocytes &
lymphocytes and also increases the release of IL6a
Cytokine IL6 function - Correct Answer-Stimulates production of acute phase
reactants and promotes growth and stimulation of RBCs
Cytokine TNF function - Correct Answer-Causes fever, increases synthesis of
proinflammatory proteins by liver, causes muscle wasting, induces
thrombosis
Cytokine growth factor function - Correct Answer-Promotes production and
maturation of neutrophils
Complement - Correct Answer-Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation
and increased vascular permeability, triggers mast cell degranulation,
chemotaxis, and opsonization.
Kinin - Correct Answer-Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for pain
and chemotaxis, and it increases vascular permeability and vasodilation.
Coagulation cascade - Correct Answer-Factor XII activates kinin. Function is
to form fibrin mesh to stop bleeding and trap microorganisms.
COX1 - Correct Answer-Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Provides
gastroprotection, platelet aggregation, fluid/electrolyte balance
COX2 - Correct Answer-Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Responsible
for pain, fever, renal protection, tissue repair, reproduction development.
COX2 inhibitors- clinical implications - Correct Answer-Protect gastric
mucosa- prevent ulcers and bleeding. Removed from market r/t cardiac
events except for Celebrex. Can impair renal function , monitor labs.
