WGU D265 CRITICAL THINKING REASON
AND EVIDENCE OA EXAM
Which of the following is the most relevant question to ask when seeking to
identify an unwarranted statistical generalization?
- Does the generalization follow at least one rule of deductive logic?
- Does the generalization confirm what you already believe?
- Is the generalization consistent with popular beliefs in your society?
- Is the generalization based on a sufficient number of germane samples? -
ANSWERS-Is the generalization based on a sufficient number of germane
samples?
The Bright Tooth toothpaste company runs the following advertisement: "Use
Bright Tooth toothpaste. Nine out of ten dentists recommend it!" You decide to
research this claim. You discover that the Bright Tooth toothpaste company
surveyed only ten carefully selected dentists, nine of whom expressed support for
Bright Tooth toothpaste. You also learn that, as of 2019, there were 200,419
dentists in the United States alone. Which error is committed in the
advertisement?
- Selection bias
- Thinking Slow
- Selective attention
,- Unfair stereotype - ANSWERS-Selection bias
Which is the best example of System 1 thinking?
- Researching different candidates' tax plans to determine how to vote
- Automatically forming a judgment about someone based on how they are
dressed
- Splitting the bill with friends at a restaurant
- Consulting multiple sources to form an investment plan - ANSWERS-
Automatically forming a judgment about someone based on how they are dressed
Which is the best example of System 2 thinking?
- Choosing the best college for one's child
- Realizing, due to a crashing sound, that something happened upstairs
- Thinking that food is rotten because it smells bad
- Solving the equation 1+3=? - ANSWERS-Choosing the best college for one's child
System 1 Thinking - ANSWERS-This is quick, automatic thinking
System 2 Thinking - ANSWERS-This is deliberate thinking
,When asked how likely it is for an urban cyclist to get in an accident, a survey
respondent remembered that their friend got into a cycling accident last week.
This makes them conclude that cycling accidents are fairly likely.
Which statement is correct about the source of bias in the passage and how to
avoid its impact?
- This is availability bias. It is best avoided by carefully considering whether the
examples that come to mind are truly representative of the world at large.
- This is confirmation bias. It is best avoided by seeking out the best arguments for
alternative viewpoints.
- This is availability bias. It is best avoided by going with one's instincts and
avoiding too much deliberation.
- This is confirmation bias. It is best avoided by staying fixed in one's beliefs and
not allowing outside influences to change one's views. - ANSWERS-This is
availability bias. It is best avoided by carefully considering whether the examples
that come to mind are truly representative of the world at large.
Which statement about how to respond to bias is correct?
- Different forms of bias are best responded to in different ways, depending on
how they impact a person.
- Since humans are bound to be influenced by bias in everything they do, there is
no point in trying to respond to bias.
- Humans are not influenced by bias.
- All different forms of bias can be responded to in the same way: by putting extra
weight on any conclusion that does not seem immediately plausible. - ANSWERS-
, Different forms of bias are best responded to in different ways, depending on
how they impact a person.
Which piece of information would be the most helpful to know in assessing the
credibility of a news story?
- Whether the political party affiliation of the author is identified
- Whether the article contains video footage
- Whether the name of the author and the publication are identified
- Whether there is widespread agreement with the story on social media -
ANSWERS-Whether the name of the author and the publication are identified
While researching a topic on the internet, a student encounters two different
websites, one of that looks more official than the other and includes tables,
charts, and statistics, while the other does not.
What is the line of reasoning this student should employ to determine which site
is more credible?
- Neither site is credible, unless one of the two is truly an official government
website run by a government agency.
- The site that looks more official with tables, charts, and statistics is more
credible because it reflects professionalism and objectivity.
- It is not feasible to determine which site is more credible from the information
provided.
AND EVIDENCE OA EXAM
Which of the following is the most relevant question to ask when seeking to
identify an unwarranted statistical generalization?
- Does the generalization follow at least one rule of deductive logic?
- Does the generalization confirm what you already believe?
- Is the generalization consistent with popular beliefs in your society?
- Is the generalization based on a sufficient number of germane samples? -
ANSWERS-Is the generalization based on a sufficient number of germane
samples?
The Bright Tooth toothpaste company runs the following advertisement: "Use
Bright Tooth toothpaste. Nine out of ten dentists recommend it!" You decide to
research this claim. You discover that the Bright Tooth toothpaste company
surveyed only ten carefully selected dentists, nine of whom expressed support for
Bright Tooth toothpaste. You also learn that, as of 2019, there were 200,419
dentists in the United States alone. Which error is committed in the
advertisement?
- Selection bias
- Thinking Slow
- Selective attention
,- Unfair stereotype - ANSWERS-Selection bias
Which is the best example of System 1 thinking?
- Researching different candidates' tax plans to determine how to vote
- Automatically forming a judgment about someone based on how they are
dressed
- Splitting the bill with friends at a restaurant
- Consulting multiple sources to form an investment plan - ANSWERS-
Automatically forming a judgment about someone based on how they are dressed
Which is the best example of System 2 thinking?
- Choosing the best college for one's child
- Realizing, due to a crashing sound, that something happened upstairs
- Thinking that food is rotten because it smells bad
- Solving the equation 1+3=? - ANSWERS-Choosing the best college for one's child
System 1 Thinking - ANSWERS-This is quick, automatic thinking
System 2 Thinking - ANSWERS-This is deliberate thinking
,When asked how likely it is for an urban cyclist to get in an accident, a survey
respondent remembered that their friend got into a cycling accident last week.
This makes them conclude that cycling accidents are fairly likely.
Which statement is correct about the source of bias in the passage and how to
avoid its impact?
- This is availability bias. It is best avoided by carefully considering whether the
examples that come to mind are truly representative of the world at large.
- This is confirmation bias. It is best avoided by seeking out the best arguments for
alternative viewpoints.
- This is availability bias. It is best avoided by going with one's instincts and
avoiding too much deliberation.
- This is confirmation bias. It is best avoided by staying fixed in one's beliefs and
not allowing outside influences to change one's views. - ANSWERS-This is
availability bias. It is best avoided by carefully considering whether the examples
that come to mind are truly representative of the world at large.
Which statement about how to respond to bias is correct?
- Different forms of bias are best responded to in different ways, depending on
how they impact a person.
- Since humans are bound to be influenced by bias in everything they do, there is
no point in trying to respond to bias.
- Humans are not influenced by bias.
- All different forms of bias can be responded to in the same way: by putting extra
weight on any conclusion that does not seem immediately plausible. - ANSWERS-
, Different forms of bias are best responded to in different ways, depending on
how they impact a person.
Which piece of information would be the most helpful to know in assessing the
credibility of a news story?
- Whether the political party affiliation of the author is identified
- Whether the article contains video footage
- Whether the name of the author and the publication are identified
- Whether there is widespread agreement with the story on social media -
ANSWERS-Whether the name of the author and the publication are identified
While researching a topic on the internet, a student encounters two different
websites, one of that looks more official than the other and includes tables,
charts, and statistics, while the other does not.
What is the line of reasoning this student should employ to determine which site
is more credible?
- Neither site is credible, unless one of the two is truly an official government
website run by a government agency.
- The site that looks more official with tables, charts, and statistics is more
credible because it reflects professionalism and objectivity.
- It is not feasible to determine which site is more credible from the information
provided.
