ATI RN NUTRITION PROCTORED EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2024/VERIFIED EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ALL GRADED A+/GUARANTEED SUCCESS

ATI RN NUTRITION PROCTORED EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2024/VERIFIED EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ALL GRADED A+/GUARANTEED SUCCESS Acculturation - ANSWER-Adopting traits of the dominant culture acute kidney injury - ANSWER-Limit protein intake 0.6 non dialysis 1.1.5 for dialysis pt Restrict fluids intake to daily urine output plus 500 ml during oliguric phase Potassium sodium intake dependent on phase Anabolism - ANSWER-Use of energy to build repair substances Anemia - ANSWER-The body requires iron b12 and folic acid to synthesize rbc increase intake of those 3 component Iron- meat dark green veg whole grains beans tofu vitamin c increase absorption of iron B12- meat eggs milk Folic acid- leafy green veggies citrus fruits beans fortified cereal and break chicken liver Anorexia, constipation - ANSWER-Anorexia- Remove unpleasant odors from environment Real small frequent meals Avoid fatty foods Drink supplemental drinks between meals Oral care before and after meals Constipation- increase fiber and fluid Increase exercise Avoid chronic use of laxatives B complex vitamins - ANSWER-metabolism, energy, nerve functioning Foods- Meat milk enriched grains whole grains legumes green leafy vegetables bariatric surgery - ANSWER-Start each meal with protein Eat 5 small meals a day Allow 30-60 minutes to eat Chew foods thoroughly DONT CONSUME LIQUIDS WITH MEALS watch for symptoms if dumping syndrome Abdominal cramping causes diarrhea disphoresis tachycardia hypotension BMI weight - ANSWER-Underweight - 18-5 Healthy 18.5-24.9 Overweight 25-29.9 Obese 30 or More BMR - ANSWER-Energy required for involuntary activities in the body within the 24 hr period example heart function respiration temperature regulation Increase bmr- male gender increase muscle mass stress periods of growth childhood puberty pregnancy lactation exposure to cold disease or illness hyperthyroidism sepsis burns cancer fever surgery Decrease bmr- female short stature less muscle mass starvation older age 60 hypothyroidism Breast milk - ANSWER-Discard after feeding if unused Store in fridge 5-8 days do NOT microwave milk Can be frozen up to 6 months or 12 in deep freezer Used these milk within 24 hrs do NOT refreeze Calcium (9-10.5) - ANSWER-Bone teeth formation nerve and muscle function clotting blood pressure Food- dairy product dark green veg fortified food Hypercalcemia constipation decreased deep tendon reflexes kidney stones lethargy Hypocalcemia- positive chvostek and trosseau sign muscle spasm tingling lips and fingers Carbohydrates - ANSWER-Should make up 45-85% of calories Function in body- energy, regulate fat/protein, metabolism, and are important for cardiac and cns functioning Catabolism - ANSWER-Break down of substances resulting a release of energy Catholics - - ANSWER-No meat on Ash Wednesday and Friday during lent Celiac disease - ANSWER-Inability to digest gluten Cause diarrhea steatorrhea bloating anemia abdominal pain Avoid foods containing wheat rye barley Read labels on processed foods as many contain gluten ex gravy mixes deli meats cold cuts soups OK to eat dairy rice corn potato eggs fruits and veg childhood nutrition concerns - ANSWER-children gain about 5 lbs per year choking hazards: popcorn, raisins, peanuts, grapes, celery, raw carrots, hot dogs, peanut butter, candy, tough meat limit juice intake to 4-6 oz per day vitamin D is important for bone development limit milk intake to 24 oz, because overconsumption can lead to iron deficiency anemia. increase intake of iron-rich foods, vitamin C increases absorption of iron Vitamin d important for bone development Chloride 98-106 - ANSWER-Digestion maintaining intercellular fluid and extracellular fluid Food- salt Hyperchloremia- nausea vomiting Hyopchloremia- muscle cramps gi upset Cholycystitis - ANSWER-Consume low fat diet Chronic kidney disease - ANSWER-Limit protein intake -0.8-1g a day Limit phosphorous intake- limit dairy including cheese dark leafy veg meat fish eggs beans cola chocolate beer Limit potassium- banana potato tomato orange cantaloupe avocado dark green veg Limit sodium- to control hypertension clear liquid diet - ANSWER-Used for gi disorder post op Food- jello ginger ale tea coffee broth clear juices carbonated bev Colic infancy - ANSWER-Persistent crying for 3h or more per day usually resolves by 3 months if breastfeeding try eliminating cruciferous vegs cow milk onion and chocolate Complete proteins - ANSWER-Contain sufficient amount of 9 essential amino acids ( animal sources, soy) Conditions that impair absorption of fat soluble vitamins - ANSWER-cystic fibrosis, celiac disease, crohn's disease Deficiency of cobalmin - ANSWER-Pernicious anemia, affects strict vegan and those lacking intrinsic factor (need for absorption of B12 Deficiency of folate - ANSWER-Result in neural tube defects in utero Deficiency of riboflavin - ANSWER-Cheilosis( cracking of corner of mouth) (glossitis- smooth swollen red tongue) Deficiency of thiamin - ANSWER-Berberi, common in those with alcohol use disorder Diabetes diet - ANSWER-Increase intake of fiber, such as beans, veggies, whole grains Limit simple carbs Decrease intake of saturated fat less than 7% of calories less than one percent of calories and cholesterol 200 to 300 mg a day No smoking or tobacco Goal is a hemoglobin A1c of less than seven Increase exercise, encourage weight loss Monitor blood glucose levels carefully Count carbs, 45 to 75 g meal Diarrhea in infancy - ANSWER-Often cause by rotavirus use oral rehydration solution Signs of dehydration sunken eyes lethargy sunken fontanels decrease tears decrease urines output dry mucus membranes Dietary Guidelines for Americans - ANSWER-1 drink for women 2 drinks for men a day Dietary rec for pregnancy - ANSWER-2-3 l of water No alcohol Limit caffeine 300 or less 600mcg of folic reconvened to prevent fetal neural tube defect Iron for supplement rec Fish and shellfish should be be avoided due to mercury level Diverticulitis - ANSWER-For acute exasterbation of diverticulitis a clear liquid diet is recommend low fiber diet AFTER INFLAMMATION IS REDUCED A HIGH FIBER LOW FAT DIET IS RECCOMENDED AVOID SEEDS HUSKS POPCORN TOMATO BERRIES Dumping syndrome - ANSWER-When the stomach contents rapidly empty into the small intestine can lead to hypoglycemia iron deficiency anemia steatorrhea osteomalacia Symptoms- abdominal cramping, nausea, diarrhea diaphoresis tachycardia hypotension Nutrition - small frequent meals Include protein and fat at each meal avoid dairy products and concentrated sugars Do not drink liquids with meals Lie down for 20- 30 Minutes after meals Dysphasia - ANSWER-Parkinson's disease, stroke, cerebral palsy, ms Care for pt with dysphasia- lightly stone chin throat to promote swallowing Thicken thin liquids Check for food pockets in mouth before feeding Encourage patients to tuck chin down when swallowing Monitor patients during meals have suction equipment available Dysphasia diet - ANSWER-Purée food- pudding like texture Level 2 mechanically altered most semi solid food with soft texture Level 3 most near normal texture food no hard sticky crusty food Education for economically disadvantaged families - ANSWER--Avoid canned, boxed, processed foods, which tend high in calories, fat, and sodium. -Frozen fruits and veggies are more affordable and last longer in freezer. -Teach patients how to read food labels. -Arrange for meal delivery services. End stage renal disease - ANSWER-ENCOURAGE HIGH PROTEIN INTAKE due to dialysis