AP Computer Science - Chapter 1 Rated A
hardware - Consists of the tangible components of a computer.
This includes anything that plugs into the computer or connects as part of the
computer system (not just the monitor and keyboard.)
program - A sequential series of instructions that tells the hardware of a computer
what to do in an orderly manner.
software* - Programs and the information, or data, contained in these programs
make up software on a computer.
CPU - CPU = Central Processing Unit. The CPU processes software by converting
input commands to executed commands in a program.
I/O Device - I/O device = Input/Output Device. This includes a microphone,
keyboard, mouse, speakers, monitor, etc. In short, anything that allows the user to
interact with a computer and vice versa.
main memory - Temporary memory that only holds software when the programs
are being processed by the CPU. Main memory does not usually entail long-term
storage of software.
,AP Computer Science - Chapter 1 Rated A
second memory - Stores software for the computer's lifespan or forever unless
erased by the user by hand. Secondary memory devices can include removable
hardware such as floppy disks and CDs which are portable.
operating system* - Most central software of any computer. The OS is where the
user interface is located, which allows communication between the computer and
the user. Secondly, the CPU and main memory are managed by operating system
in order to help the OS decide when programs can run or share information into
the main memory. A comprehensible operating system is crucial in any product
that must be marketed and user-friendly.
user interface - The user interface allows communication between the user and
the computer. The simpler the user interface (not necessarily basic) and easier to
understand, the more people will be able to use the computer and operating
system.
application* - Excluding the operating system, practically every other software run
on a computer can be classified as an application. Applications include anything
from games to 3-D modelling, and include individual user interfaces.
, AP Computer Science - Chapter 1 Rated A
GUI - GUI = Graphic User Interface ; Generally used in modern operating systems.
A GUI uses graphical components on the screen of a computer (such as arrows,
shortcut icons, etc.)
analog technology* - Analog technology is the continuous portrayal or
transmission of analog information.
digital technology* - Using digital technology, the computer instead translates
chunks of information into numbers
digitized data - When data undergoes the process of being divided into separate
pieces and being translated into numbers, the data is said to have been digitized.
binary number system - A system of numbers that consists entirely of 1s and 0s.
Commonly used to store information in an efficient, cheap, and space-conserving
manner.
computer architecture - Describes the structure of the hardware components in a
computer and their physical relations to each other.
hardware - Consists of the tangible components of a computer.
This includes anything that plugs into the computer or connects as part of the
computer system (not just the monitor and keyboard.)
program - A sequential series of instructions that tells the hardware of a computer
what to do in an orderly manner.
software* - Programs and the information, or data, contained in these programs
make up software on a computer.
CPU - CPU = Central Processing Unit. The CPU processes software by converting
input commands to executed commands in a program.
I/O Device - I/O device = Input/Output Device. This includes a microphone,
keyboard, mouse, speakers, monitor, etc. In short, anything that allows the user to
interact with a computer and vice versa.
main memory - Temporary memory that only holds software when the programs
are being processed by the CPU. Main memory does not usually entail long-term
storage of software.
,AP Computer Science - Chapter 1 Rated A
second memory - Stores software for the computer's lifespan or forever unless
erased by the user by hand. Secondary memory devices can include removable
hardware such as floppy disks and CDs which are portable.
operating system* - Most central software of any computer. The OS is where the
user interface is located, which allows communication between the computer and
the user. Secondly, the CPU and main memory are managed by operating system
in order to help the OS decide when programs can run or share information into
the main memory. A comprehensible operating system is crucial in any product
that must be marketed and user-friendly.
user interface - The user interface allows communication between the user and
the computer. The simpler the user interface (not necessarily basic) and easier to
understand, the more people will be able to use the computer and operating
system.
application* - Excluding the operating system, practically every other software run
on a computer can be classified as an application. Applications include anything
from games to 3-D modelling, and include individual user interfaces.
, AP Computer Science - Chapter 1 Rated A
GUI - GUI = Graphic User Interface ; Generally used in modern operating systems.
A GUI uses graphical components on the screen of a computer (such as arrows,
shortcut icons, etc.)
analog technology* - Analog technology is the continuous portrayal or
transmission of analog information.
digital technology* - Using digital technology, the computer instead translates
chunks of information into numbers
digitized data - When data undergoes the process of being divided into separate
pieces and being translated into numbers, the data is said to have been digitized.
binary number system - A system of numbers that consists entirely of 1s and 0s.
Commonly used to store information in an efficient, cheap, and space-conserving
manner.
computer architecture - Describes the structure of the hardware components in a
computer and their physical relations to each other.
