Hesi Fundamentals 2023 exam with
complete solution
A client with cancer who has been taking opioid analgesics for two years now requires increased doses
to obtain pain relief. he client expresses fear about becoming addicted to these drugs. What information
should the practical nurse (PN) provide? - ---ASNWERS---Prescribed opiates for cancer pain relief improve
quality of life.
A client's indwelling urinary catheter is removed at 9:30 AM. The practical nurse (PN) assesses the client
every two hours for the desire to void. Which documented assessment requires further intervention by
the PN? - ---ASNWERS---5:30 pm: unable to void.
The healthcare provider prescribes a cleansing enema for an adult prior to bowel surgery. Which
intervention(s) should the practical nurse implement to ensure adequate bowel cleansing? (Select all
that apply) - ---ASNWERS---Place the client on the left side in Sim's position.
Use enema fluid that is near 105 F (40.4 C).
Instill 500 mL to 1,000 mL fluids slowly.
Raise the enema container 20 inches above anus.
Encourage the client to retain fluid 10 to 15 minutes.
,Which position is best for the practical nurse to place the client during administration of a rectal
suppository for constipation? - ---ASNWERS---Left Sim's position with upper leg flexed.
The practical nurse (PN) is adding tap water to several medications for administration via feeding tube.
Which preparation should the PN administer without delay? - ---ASNWERS---Timed release capsule.
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) take when drawing medication from an ampule? - ---
ASNWERS---Aspirate with a filter needle and syringe.
The practical nurse (PN) is preparing to reconstitute a drug from powder for for IM administration.
Which step should the PN implement first? - ---ASNWERS---Verify the drug with the medication
administration record (MAR).
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement when administering a subcutaneous injection to
a client who weighs 325 pounds? - ---ASNWERS---select a needle with a longer shaft.
Which finding indicates to the practical nurse (PN) that an older client who is receiving intravenous
therapy is experiencing fluid overload? - ---ASNWERS---Crackles in the lung fields.
The practical nurse (PN) is checking the surgical dressing for a client who arrived on the postoperative
unit an hour ago. The dressing has an increase in the accumulation of serosanguinous drainage. what
nursing action should the PN take? - ---ASNWERS---Mark the outlined area of drainage with date, time
and initials.
The male client who is 2 days postoperative for exploratory abdominal surgery is ambulating in the hall
with the practical nurse (PN). The client tells the PN, "I think something in my incision just let go." which
action should the PN implement first? - ---ASNWERS---Assist the client to a supine position.
The practical nurse (PN) is applying a dry, sterile dressing to a client's abdominal wound. Which allergy
should the PN verify with the client? - ---ASNWERS---tape.
The practical nurse (PN) is changing a postoperative dressing for a client with a horizontal lower
abdominal incision. What method should the PN use to remove the tape from the dressing? - ---
ASNWERS---Remove all four sides by moving to the center of the incision.
,Which action should the practical nurse (PN) follow when applying an elasticized bandage to a client's
leg? - ---ASNWERS---Overlap turns of the bandage equally.
An older client who has been on bed rest in not eating well and is exhibiting abdominal distension,
cramping, and is passing small amounts of liquid stool. Which prescribed action is most important for the
practical nurse (PN) to implement? - ---ASNWERS---Digitally remove a fecal impaction.
Acetaminophen is prescribed for an unconscious client with a temperature of 104 F. Which route should
the practical nurse (PN) plan to administer this medication? - ---ASNWERS---Rectal.
Which intervention should the practical nurse (PN) implement to help a client cope effectively with
chronic pain? - ---ASNWERS---Encourage using relaxation techniques.
A young woman, who is the primary caregiver for her mother who has Alzheimer's disease, tells the
practical nurse (PN), "Sometimes I hate my mother for living this long and my Dad for dying and not
caring for her." What response should the PN offer? - ---ASNWERS---What you do to cope with these
feelings?
During insertion of a nasogastric tube (NGT) into the right nares, the client starts to cough. Which action
should the practical nurse (PN) implement? - ---ASNWERS---Withdraw the NGT to the oral pharynx,
repostion client's head and reinsert.
The client is receiving a continuous tube feeding. While checking the gastric residual volume, the
practical nurse (PN) aspirates 150 mL of gastric contents. What action should the PN take? - ---ASNWERS-
--Return all the aspirated contents to the stomach followed with water and consult the agency policy.
The practical nurse (PN) is assisting a client plan a balanced vegetarian diet that provides the highest in
protein quality. Which selection should the PN recommend to the client? - ---ASNWERS---Soybeans
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who is admitted with influenza and vomiting for 3 days. The
client's skin turgor is poor and oral mucous membranes are dry. Which finding is most important for the
practical nurse (PN) to report to the charge nurse? - ---ASNWERS---Hypotension and tachycardia
, The practical nurse (PN) contacts the healthcare provider about an older client who is agitated and
aggressive with the staff. Which reason should the PN use to request a prescription for wrist restraints? -
---ASNWERS---To ensure the client's safety when the benefits outweigh the risk.
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement when supporting an older client who is afraid of
dying? - ---ASNWERS---Use open-ended questions to encourage the client to share feelings.
A family member of a dying client asks the practical nurse (PN) if the client knows the family is at the
bedside. The PN explains that which of the five senses persists the longest during the dying process? - ---
ASNWERS---Hearing
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement to help a male client cope with his fear as he
approaches death? - ---ASNWERS---Hold the client's hand and tell him he is not alone.
An older client is receiving nasogastric tube (NGT) feedings for several days - ---ASNWERS---Abdominal
distention and nausea.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for an older client who is NPO after surgery. The client complains that
his mouth and mucous membranes are dry. Which intervention should the PN implement to increase the
client's comfort? - ---ASNWERS---Preform oral hygiene frequently.
The practical nurse (PN) is giving oral care to an older female client with tender gums that bleed easily
because of a medication she is taking. What intervention should the PN implement? - ---ASNWERS---
Obtain a soft-bristle brush for the client.
Which time frame should the practical nurse (PN) reposition a client? - ---ASNWERS---Every 2 hours.
An older male client tells the practical nurse (PN) that his religion does not permit him to bathe daily.
How should the PN respond? - ---ASNWERS---Request that the client clarify his religious beliefs about
bathing.
An older male client who is sedentary complains of not having a formed bowel movement in four days
and tells the practical nurse (PN) that he feels rectal pressure and has a constant headache. The PN
complete solution
A client with cancer who has been taking opioid analgesics for two years now requires increased doses
to obtain pain relief. he client expresses fear about becoming addicted to these drugs. What information
should the practical nurse (PN) provide? - ---ASNWERS---Prescribed opiates for cancer pain relief improve
quality of life.
A client's indwelling urinary catheter is removed at 9:30 AM. The practical nurse (PN) assesses the client
every two hours for the desire to void. Which documented assessment requires further intervention by
the PN? - ---ASNWERS---5:30 pm: unable to void.
The healthcare provider prescribes a cleansing enema for an adult prior to bowel surgery. Which
intervention(s) should the practical nurse implement to ensure adequate bowel cleansing? (Select all
that apply) - ---ASNWERS---Place the client on the left side in Sim's position.
Use enema fluid that is near 105 F (40.4 C).
Instill 500 mL to 1,000 mL fluids slowly.
Raise the enema container 20 inches above anus.
Encourage the client to retain fluid 10 to 15 minutes.
,Which position is best for the practical nurse to place the client during administration of a rectal
suppository for constipation? - ---ASNWERS---Left Sim's position with upper leg flexed.
The practical nurse (PN) is adding tap water to several medications for administration via feeding tube.
Which preparation should the PN administer without delay? - ---ASNWERS---Timed release capsule.
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) take when drawing medication from an ampule? - ---
ASNWERS---Aspirate with a filter needle and syringe.
The practical nurse (PN) is preparing to reconstitute a drug from powder for for IM administration.
Which step should the PN implement first? - ---ASNWERS---Verify the drug with the medication
administration record (MAR).
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement when administering a subcutaneous injection to
a client who weighs 325 pounds? - ---ASNWERS---select a needle with a longer shaft.
Which finding indicates to the practical nurse (PN) that an older client who is receiving intravenous
therapy is experiencing fluid overload? - ---ASNWERS---Crackles in the lung fields.
The practical nurse (PN) is checking the surgical dressing for a client who arrived on the postoperative
unit an hour ago. The dressing has an increase in the accumulation of serosanguinous drainage. what
nursing action should the PN take? - ---ASNWERS---Mark the outlined area of drainage with date, time
and initials.
The male client who is 2 days postoperative for exploratory abdominal surgery is ambulating in the hall
with the practical nurse (PN). The client tells the PN, "I think something in my incision just let go." which
action should the PN implement first? - ---ASNWERS---Assist the client to a supine position.
The practical nurse (PN) is applying a dry, sterile dressing to a client's abdominal wound. Which allergy
should the PN verify with the client? - ---ASNWERS---tape.
The practical nurse (PN) is changing a postoperative dressing for a client with a horizontal lower
abdominal incision. What method should the PN use to remove the tape from the dressing? - ---
ASNWERS---Remove all four sides by moving to the center of the incision.
,Which action should the practical nurse (PN) follow when applying an elasticized bandage to a client's
leg? - ---ASNWERS---Overlap turns of the bandage equally.
An older client who has been on bed rest in not eating well and is exhibiting abdominal distension,
cramping, and is passing small amounts of liquid stool. Which prescribed action is most important for the
practical nurse (PN) to implement? - ---ASNWERS---Digitally remove a fecal impaction.
Acetaminophen is prescribed for an unconscious client with a temperature of 104 F. Which route should
the practical nurse (PN) plan to administer this medication? - ---ASNWERS---Rectal.
Which intervention should the practical nurse (PN) implement to help a client cope effectively with
chronic pain? - ---ASNWERS---Encourage using relaxation techniques.
A young woman, who is the primary caregiver for her mother who has Alzheimer's disease, tells the
practical nurse (PN), "Sometimes I hate my mother for living this long and my Dad for dying and not
caring for her." What response should the PN offer? - ---ASNWERS---What you do to cope with these
feelings?
During insertion of a nasogastric tube (NGT) into the right nares, the client starts to cough. Which action
should the practical nurse (PN) implement? - ---ASNWERS---Withdraw the NGT to the oral pharynx,
repostion client's head and reinsert.
The client is receiving a continuous tube feeding. While checking the gastric residual volume, the
practical nurse (PN) aspirates 150 mL of gastric contents. What action should the PN take? - ---ASNWERS-
--Return all the aspirated contents to the stomach followed with water and consult the agency policy.
The practical nurse (PN) is assisting a client plan a balanced vegetarian diet that provides the highest in
protein quality. Which selection should the PN recommend to the client? - ---ASNWERS---Soybeans
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who is admitted with influenza and vomiting for 3 days. The
client's skin turgor is poor and oral mucous membranes are dry. Which finding is most important for the
practical nurse (PN) to report to the charge nurse? - ---ASNWERS---Hypotension and tachycardia
, The practical nurse (PN) contacts the healthcare provider about an older client who is agitated and
aggressive with the staff. Which reason should the PN use to request a prescription for wrist restraints? -
---ASNWERS---To ensure the client's safety when the benefits outweigh the risk.
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement when supporting an older client who is afraid of
dying? - ---ASNWERS---Use open-ended questions to encourage the client to share feelings.
A family member of a dying client asks the practical nurse (PN) if the client knows the family is at the
bedside. The PN explains that which of the five senses persists the longest during the dying process? - ---
ASNWERS---Hearing
Which action should the practical nurse (PN) implement to help a male client cope with his fear as he
approaches death? - ---ASNWERS---Hold the client's hand and tell him he is not alone.
An older client is receiving nasogastric tube (NGT) feedings for several days - ---ASNWERS---Abdominal
distention and nausea.
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for an older client who is NPO after surgery. The client complains that
his mouth and mucous membranes are dry. Which intervention should the PN implement to increase the
client's comfort? - ---ASNWERS---Preform oral hygiene frequently.
The practical nurse (PN) is giving oral care to an older female client with tender gums that bleed easily
because of a medication she is taking. What intervention should the PN implement? - ---ASNWERS---
Obtain a soft-bristle brush for the client.
Which time frame should the practical nurse (PN) reposition a client? - ---ASNWERS---Every 2 hours.
An older male client tells the practical nurse (PN) that his religion does not permit him to bathe daily.
How should the PN respond? - ---ASNWERS---Request that the client clarify his religious beliefs about
bathing.
An older male client who is sedentary complains of not having a formed bowel movement in four days
and tells the practical nurse (PN) that he feels rectal pressure and has a constant headache. The PN
