BSN 225 - HESI FUNDAMENTALS EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Which health pattern in Gordon's model describes the patient's spiritual attitude?
A. Value-belief pattern
B. Role-relationship pattern
C. Cognitive-perceptual pattern
D. Self-perception-- self-concept pattern - ---ASNWERS---A. Value-belief pattern
According to Gordon's model, there are 11 health patterns. Each pattern describes a particular
characteristic. The value-belief pattern describes a patient's spiritual attitude, the values and beliefs that
guide the choices or decisions of the patient. The role-relationship pattern describes a patient's pattern
of role engagements and relationships. The cognitive=perceptual pattern describes memory, decision-
making ability, language adequacy, and sensory-perceptual patterns/ A patient's concept of self or
perception of self is described by the self-perception--self-concept pattern
Which standard of practive is the nurse performing when applying a cold compress to a patient's
sprained ankle and instructing the patient to elevate the leg?
A. Diagnosis
B. Evaluation
C. Assessment
D. Implementation - ---ASNWERS---C. Implementation
,The nurse is delivering care to the patient; therefore the standard practived by the nurse is
implementation. Developing a nuring diagnosis involves analyzing the assessed data. Evaluation refers to
determining the effectiveness of the implemented patient care in meeting the patient goals. Assessment
is the process of collecting data related to the health and illness of the patient
which standard of practive is being performed when a nurse administers the prescribed medicated
nebulizer treatment to a patient who has developed wheezing and shortness of breath in the emergency
department?
A. planning
B. evaluation
C. assessment
D. implementation - ---ASNWERS---D. implementation
implementation phase is where the nurse follows through on the decided plan of action. Once the
patient and the nurse on the diagnosis, a plan of action can be developed. Each problem is assigned a
clear, measurable goal for the expected outcome. Once all nusing intervention actions have taken place,
the nurse completes an evaluation to determine if the patient goals have been met. The first step of the
nursing process is assessment. During this phase, the nurse gathers information about a patient's
psychological, physiologic, sociologic, and spiritual status.
Which trait of critical thinking is the nurse exhibiting when instructing the parents of a malnourished
child to make the child's food colorful and attractive?
A. fairness
B. curiosity
C. discipline
D. creativity - ---ASNWERS---D. creativity
Nurses require various traits such as creativity, fairness, risk taking, curiousity, discipline, and
perseverance. In this case the nurseis trying to stimulate the appetite of the child by instructing the
parents to make the food colorful and attractive. This shows that the nurse is using the trait of creativity.
Fairness is the trait of a nurse who avoids personal bias while caring for a patient/ Curiosity is the trait of
a critical thinking nurse who always tries to ask "why?" A disciplined nurse follows a systemativ approach
to plan and achieve goals.
,Which Quality and Safety in the Education of Nurses (QSEN) competency is the nurse exhibiting by
working with a couple to determine what they know about their medications and helping them decide
on one care provider rather than two when caring for an older-adult couple in a community-based
assisted living facility?
A. safety
B. informatics
C. patient-centered care
D. teamwork and collaboration - ---ASNWERS---B. safety
Helping patients understand the consequences and complications of multiple health care providers and
multiple medications helps ensure patient safety. Informatics is a multidisciplinary field that uses health
inforamtion technology to improve health care via any combination of high quality, higher efficiency, and
new opportunities. Patient-centered care focuses on direct care rendered to patients. Teamwork and
collaboration seeks information or help from other health care professions and disciplines
A 40-year-old patient is experiencing poorly controlled hypertension. The dietitian recommends several
dietary modifications to the patient. The patient tries to explain the reason for her poor dietary
compliance; she says she works extra hours and does not have the time to cook. The patient further adds
that she has diabetes. The patient expresses that it is difficult for her to choos a diet that is low in sugar
and low in salt and carbohydrates. The nurse communicates this to the dietitian using SBAR technique.
Which patient information would be addressed first?
A. the need for a diet revision
b. the desire for a dietary consult
c. current medical conditions of chronic diabtese w/ hypertension
d. the need for the patient to eat low-salt, low-sugar meals - ---ASNWERS---C. Current medical conditions
of chronic diabetes w/ hypertension
When using SBAR communication protocol, the nurse should first identify the patient's situation. In this
case, that means the nurse should convey that the patient is suffering from chronic diabetes and
hypertension. The nurse then should further address the breakdown of the situation and ask the
dietitian to consider revising the diet. Following the dietary assessment and consult, the
recommendations for dietary changes-- including low-salt and low-sugar meals--should be made.
Which body mass index (BMI) would require hospitalization?
A. 12.5 kg/m2
, B 18.9 kg/m2
C. 21.2 kg/m2
D. 24.6 kg/m2 - ---ASNWERS---A. 12.5 kg/m2
Patients whose BMI is less than 13 kg/m2 are considered severely malnourished and require highly
skilled nursing care w/ hospitalization. A BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 indicates that the patient has normal
weight and does not require nursing care and hospitalization
Which action would the nurse take when unable to find information about the medication in any of the
hospital databases or electronic health records when attempting to decrease the patient's adverse
reactions to prescribed medications?
A. avoid administering medication
B. contact the hospital pharmacist
C. contact the primary health care provider
D. ask the patient for written consent before administering - ---ASNWERS---B. contact the hospital
pharmacist
When a primary health care provider prescribes a mediation, the nurse is knowledgeable of its use, the
expected outcome, and any adverse effects and drug interactions. The nurse requests the information
form the pharmacist when the informatio nis not available in any of the resources available. The nurse
cannot avoid administering the medication if the information is unavailable. Instead, the nurse obtains
the information from another resource. The nurse contacts the pharmacist rather than informing the
primary health care provider. The patient's written consent is required only if the drug is still under trial
or if it has potentially harmful adverse reactions.
Which action would the nurse aboid when assisting an older adult w/ dysphagia to eat?
A. thick liquids
B. sitting the patient upright during meal time
C. giving large bites to stimulate swallow reflex
D. keeping the patient upright for a minimum of 45 minutes after eating - ---ASNWERS---C. Giving large
bites to stimulate swallow reflex
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Which health pattern in Gordon's model describes the patient's spiritual attitude?
A. Value-belief pattern
B. Role-relationship pattern
C. Cognitive-perceptual pattern
D. Self-perception-- self-concept pattern - ---ASNWERS---A. Value-belief pattern
According to Gordon's model, there are 11 health patterns. Each pattern describes a particular
characteristic. The value-belief pattern describes a patient's spiritual attitude, the values and beliefs that
guide the choices or decisions of the patient. The role-relationship pattern describes a patient's pattern
of role engagements and relationships. The cognitive=perceptual pattern describes memory, decision-
making ability, language adequacy, and sensory-perceptual patterns/ A patient's concept of self or
perception of self is described by the self-perception--self-concept pattern
Which standard of practive is the nurse performing when applying a cold compress to a patient's
sprained ankle and instructing the patient to elevate the leg?
A. Diagnosis
B. Evaluation
C. Assessment
D. Implementation - ---ASNWERS---C. Implementation
,The nurse is delivering care to the patient; therefore the standard practived by the nurse is
implementation. Developing a nuring diagnosis involves analyzing the assessed data. Evaluation refers to
determining the effectiveness of the implemented patient care in meeting the patient goals. Assessment
is the process of collecting data related to the health and illness of the patient
which standard of practive is being performed when a nurse administers the prescribed medicated
nebulizer treatment to a patient who has developed wheezing and shortness of breath in the emergency
department?
A. planning
B. evaluation
C. assessment
D. implementation - ---ASNWERS---D. implementation
implementation phase is where the nurse follows through on the decided plan of action. Once the
patient and the nurse on the diagnosis, a plan of action can be developed. Each problem is assigned a
clear, measurable goal for the expected outcome. Once all nusing intervention actions have taken place,
the nurse completes an evaluation to determine if the patient goals have been met. The first step of the
nursing process is assessment. During this phase, the nurse gathers information about a patient's
psychological, physiologic, sociologic, and spiritual status.
Which trait of critical thinking is the nurse exhibiting when instructing the parents of a malnourished
child to make the child's food colorful and attractive?
A. fairness
B. curiosity
C. discipline
D. creativity - ---ASNWERS---D. creativity
Nurses require various traits such as creativity, fairness, risk taking, curiousity, discipline, and
perseverance. In this case the nurseis trying to stimulate the appetite of the child by instructing the
parents to make the food colorful and attractive. This shows that the nurse is using the trait of creativity.
Fairness is the trait of a nurse who avoids personal bias while caring for a patient/ Curiosity is the trait of
a critical thinking nurse who always tries to ask "why?" A disciplined nurse follows a systemativ approach
to plan and achieve goals.
,Which Quality and Safety in the Education of Nurses (QSEN) competency is the nurse exhibiting by
working with a couple to determine what they know about their medications and helping them decide
on one care provider rather than two when caring for an older-adult couple in a community-based
assisted living facility?
A. safety
B. informatics
C. patient-centered care
D. teamwork and collaboration - ---ASNWERS---B. safety
Helping patients understand the consequences and complications of multiple health care providers and
multiple medications helps ensure patient safety. Informatics is a multidisciplinary field that uses health
inforamtion technology to improve health care via any combination of high quality, higher efficiency, and
new opportunities. Patient-centered care focuses on direct care rendered to patients. Teamwork and
collaboration seeks information or help from other health care professions and disciplines
A 40-year-old patient is experiencing poorly controlled hypertension. The dietitian recommends several
dietary modifications to the patient. The patient tries to explain the reason for her poor dietary
compliance; she says she works extra hours and does not have the time to cook. The patient further adds
that she has diabetes. The patient expresses that it is difficult for her to choos a diet that is low in sugar
and low in salt and carbohydrates. The nurse communicates this to the dietitian using SBAR technique.
Which patient information would be addressed first?
A. the need for a diet revision
b. the desire for a dietary consult
c. current medical conditions of chronic diabtese w/ hypertension
d. the need for the patient to eat low-salt, low-sugar meals - ---ASNWERS---C. Current medical conditions
of chronic diabetes w/ hypertension
When using SBAR communication protocol, the nurse should first identify the patient's situation. In this
case, that means the nurse should convey that the patient is suffering from chronic diabetes and
hypertension. The nurse then should further address the breakdown of the situation and ask the
dietitian to consider revising the diet. Following the dietary assessment and consult, the
recommendations for dietary changes-- including low-salt and low-sugar meals--should be made.
Which body mass index (BMI) would require hospitalization?
A. 12.5 kg/m2
, B 18.9 kg/m2
C. 21.2 kg/m2
D. 24.6 kg/m2 - ---ASNWERS---A. 12.5 kg/m2
Patients whose BMI is less than 13 kg/m2 are considered severely malnourished and require highly
skilled nursing care w/ hospitalization. A BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 indicates that the patient has normal
weight and does not require nursing care and hospitalization
Which action would the nurse take when unable to find information about the medication in any of the
hospital databases or electronic health records when attempting to decrease the patient's adverse
reactions to prescribed medications?
A. avoid administering medication
B. contact the hospital pharmacist
C. contact the primary health care provider
D. ask the patient for written consent before administering - ---ASNWERS---B. contact the hospital
pharmacist
When a primary health care provider prescribes a mediation, the nurse is knowledgeable of its use, the
expected outcome, and any adverse effects and drug interactions. The nurse requests the information
form the pharmacist when the informatio nis not available in any of the resources available. The nurse
cannot avoid administering the medication if the information is unavailable. Instead, the nurse obtains
the information from another resource. The nurse contacts the pharmacist rather than informing the
primary health care provider. The patient's written consent is required only if the drug is still under trial
or if it has potentially harmful adverse reactions.
Which action would the nurse aboid when assisting an older adult w/ dysphagia to eat?
A. thick liquids
B. sitting the patient upright during meal time
C. giving large bites to stimulate swallow reflex
D. keeping the patient upright for a minimum of 45 minutes after eating - ---ASNWERS---C. Giving large
bites to stimulate swallow reflex
