Summary Test Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology 7th Edition by Huether, McCance, and Brashers |100% verified

,Chapter 1. Cellular Biology kr kr kr




MULTIPLE CHOICE kr




1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
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with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
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a. A single circular chromosome
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b. A nucleus kr




c. Free-floating nuclear material kr kr




d. No organelles kr




ANS: B kr




The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
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nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed.
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A single circular chromosome is characteristic of prokaryotic cells, which do not have histones.
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Free-floating nuclear material describes a prokaryotic cell, which would not have a distinct
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nucleus.
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Eukaryotic cells have membrane bounded cellular components called organelles. No organelles
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describes a prokaryotic cell.
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2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
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describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to
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energy?
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a. Metabolic absorption kr




b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration

,ANS: D kr




The ability of the cell to absorb oxygen refers to the cells function of respiration.
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The ability of the cell to function within a society of cells refers to its function of
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communication.
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The ability of the cell to take in nutrients refers to the cells function of metabolic absorption.
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The ability of the cell to synthesize new substances and secrete these elsewhere refers to the cells
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function of secretion.
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3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
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the genetic information be contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus


ANS: C kr




The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic
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acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus.
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The mitochondria is the site of cellular respiration.
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The ribosomes are involved in manufacturing of proteins within the cell.
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The nucleus contains the nucleolus, and it is the nucleolus that contains genetic material.
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4. The fluid mosaic model for biologic membranes describes membrane behavior. According to
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this model, which of the following float singly or as aggregates in the fluid lipid bilayer?
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a. Peripheral membrane proteins kr kr




b. Integral membrane proteins kr kr

, c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
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ANS: B kr




Integral membrane proteins float freely in the fluid lipid bilayer.
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Peripheral membrane proteins are not embedded in the layer, but reside at the surface.
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Glycoproteins act as cell surface markers.
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Cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane and allow cells to hook together.
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5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
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a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids kr




d. Ligands


ANS: D kr




Ligands are specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
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Oxygen moves by diffusion; it does not bind to receptors.
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Ribosomes make proteins and are not involved in binding.
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Amphipathic lipids are a portion of the cell membrane.
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6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What finding would
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support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer? Alterations in extracellular matrix that include:
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a. Decreased fibronectin kr




b. Increased collagen kr




c. Decreased elastin kr