NURS 1141 Practice Questions Exam 4
New Content Questions With Answers.
What body system will the nurse assess for known common adverse effects of
traditional antihistamines?
a. respiratory
b. cardiovascular
c. CNS
d. GI - ANSWER- c. CNS
The most common adverse effect of antihistamines is drowsiness, but the sedative
effects vary among the antihistamine drug class
What advantage does loratadine (Claritin) have compared with traditional antihistamines
such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?
a. less sedative effect
b. increase in bronchodilation
c. minimal GI upset
d. decreased risk of cardiac dysrhythmias - ANSWER- a. less sedative effect
Loratadine is a nonsedating antihistamine and it does not readily distribute into the
CNS, which diminishes the sedative effects assoc. w/ traditional antihistamines
A pt complains of worsening nasal congestion despite the use of oxymetazoline (Afrin)
nasal spray every 2-4 hrs for the past 5 days. The nurse's response is based on the
knowledge that:
a. oxymetazoline is not an effective nasal decongestant
b. sustained use of nasal decongestants over several days may result in rebound
congestion
c. oxymetazoline should be administered in an hourly reginmen for severe congestion
d. the patient is probably displaying an idiosyncratic reaction to oxymetazoline -
ANSWER- b. sustained use of nasal decongestants over several days may result in
rebound congestion
Oxymetazoline is an effective nasal decongestant, but overuse results in worsening or
"rebound" congestion. It should not be used more than every 4 hrs.
Which statement by the client demonstrates an understanding about beclomethasone
diproprionate (Beconase) mechanism of action?
,a. I only need to take this medication when my symptoms get bad
b. I will need to taper off the medication to prevent acute adrenal crisis
c. This medication will help prevent the inflammatory response of my allergies
d. I will monitor my blood sugar b/c I may develop drug-induced diabetes - ANSWER- c.
This medication will help prevent the inflammatory response of my allergies
Beclamethason diproprionate is a steroid spray administered nasally. It is used to
prevent and treat allergy symptoms. Its effect is localized, and therefore the client does
not have systemic adverse effects with the recommended does. There is no need to
taper off gradually as with oral corticosteroids
The nurse is discussing use of antitussive medications with a client. What common
adverse effect does the nurse include in the client teaching?
a. tremors and palpitations
b. drowsiness and dizziness
c. diarrhea and abdominal cramping
d. flushing and decreased heart rate - ANSWER- b. drowsiness and dizziness
Antitussive medications suppress cough through its action on the CNS, thus causing
drowsiness and dizziness
Which instruction should the nurse include when teaching a client who is prescribed an
expectorant?
a. take the medication once a day at bedtime
b. restrict fluids to decrease mucus production
c. increase fluid intake to decrease viscosity of secretions
d. take the drug with oral codeine when cough worsens - ANSWER- c. increase fluid
intake to decrease viscosity of secretions
Expectorant drugs are used to decrease viscosity of secretions and allow them to be
more easily expectorated. Increasing fluid intake helps this action
The nurse would question a prescription for pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) in a client with
a history of which condition?
a. Pneumonia
b. Osteoporosis
c. Hypertension
d. Peptic ulcer disease - ANSWER- c. HTN
Adrenergic drugs are contraindicated in clients w/ HTN, narrow-angle glaucoma,
diabetes, uncontrolled CV disease, hyperthyroidism, prostatitis, or known
hypersensitivity to such drugs
, When providing general education on use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications for
allergies, which instruction should the nurse to include?
a. Discontinue use 4 days before allergy testing.
b. It may cause dry mouth and difficulty urinating.
c. The medication treats the signs and symptoms but is not a cure.
d. Do not use in children younger than 2 years of age unless prescribed. - ANSWER- d.
Do not use in children younger than 2 yrs of age unless prescribed.
OTC medications for allergies are not recommended for children younger than 2 years
of age unless prescribed by a health care provider.
A client is making an appointment for allergy testing. The nurse instructs the client not
take what class of medications at least 4 days before allergy testing?
a Antitussives
b Antihistamines
c Decongestants
d Bronchodilators - ANSWER- b. Antihistamines
An allergist will usually recommend discontinuation of antihistamine drug therapy at
least 4 days before allergy testing.
The nurse is providing education to a client with a history of chronic nasal congestion
secondary to allergic rhinitis. Which class of medications should the nurse anticipate the
provider would recommend for the client to use on a long-term basis?
a Antitussives
b Expectorants
c Antihistamines
d Intranasal steroids - ANSWER- d. Intrnasal steroids
Inhaled intranasal steroids and anticholinergic drugs are not associated with rebound
congestion and are often used prophylactically to prevent nasal congestion in clients
with chronic upper respiratory tract symptoms. Local intranasal steroids would have the
least likely possible systemic adverse effects of all the medication classes possible to
use for chronic and long term use.
The nurse is discussing with the client the management of symptoms of an upper
respiratory tract infection. Which classes of medications are often used in treating the
symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections? (Select all that apply.)
a Antibiotics
b Antitussives
c Expectorants
New Content Questions With Answers.
What body system will the nurse assess for known common adverse effects of
traditional antihistamines?
a. respiratory
b. cardiovascular
c. CNS
d. GI - ANSWER- c. CNS
The most common adverse effect of antihistamines is drowsiness, but the sedative
effects vary among the antihistamine drug class
What advantage does loratadine (Claritin) have compared with traditional antihistamines
such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?
a. less sedative effect
b. increase in bronchodilation
c. minimal GI upset
d. decreased risk of cardiac dysrhythmias - ANSWER- a. less sedative effect
Loratadine is a nonsedating antihistamine and it does not readily distribute into the
CNS, which diminishes the sedative effects assoc. w/ traditional antihistamines
A pt complains of worsening nasal congestion despite the use of oxymetazoline (Afrin)
nasal spray every 2-4 hrs for the past 5 days. The nurse's response is based on the
knowledge that:
a. oxymetazoline is not an effective nasal decongestant
b. sustained use of nasal decongestants over several days may result in rebound
congestion
c. oxymetazoline should be administered in an hourly reginmen for severe congestion
d. the patient is probably displaying an idiosyncratic reaction to oxymetazoline -
ANSWER- b. sustained use of nasal decongestants over several days may result in
rebound congestion
Oxymetazoline is an effective nasal decongestant, but overuse results in worsening or
"rebound" congestion. It should not be used more than every 4 hrs.
Which statement by the client demonstrates an understanding about beclomethasone
diproprionate (Beconase) mechanism of action?
,a. I only need to take this medication when my symptoms get bad
b. I will need to taper off the medication to prevent acute adrenal crisis
c. This medication will help prevent the inflammatory response of my allergies
d. I will monitor my blood sugar b/c I may develop drug-induced diabetes - ANSWER- c.
This medication will help prevent the inflammatory response of my allergies
Beclamethason diproprionate is a steroid spray administered nasally. It is used to
prevent and treat allergy symptoms. Its effect is localized, and therefore the client does
not have systemic adverse effects with the recommended does. There is no need to
taper off gradually as with oral corticosteroids
The nurse is discussing use of antitussive medications with a client. What common
adverse effect does the nurse include in the client teaching?
a. tremors and palpitations
b. drowsiness and dizziness
c. diarrhea and abdominal cramping
d. flushing and decreased heart rate - ANSWER- b. drowsiness and dizziness
Antitussive medications suppress cough through its action on the CNS, thus causing
drowsiness and dizziness
Which instruction should the nurse include when teaching a client who is prescribed an
expectorant?
a. take the medication once a day at bedtime
b. restrict fluids to decrease mucus production
c. increase fluid intake to decrease viscosity of secretions
d. take the drug with oral codeine when cough worsens - ANSWER- c. increase fluid
intake to decrease viscosity of secretions
Expectorant drugs are used to decrease viscosity of secretions and allow them to be
more easily expectorated. Increasing fluid intake helps this action
The nurse would question a prescription for pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) in a client with
a history of which condition?
a. Pneumonia
b. Osteoporosis
c. Hypertension
d. Peptic ulcer disease - ANSWER- c. HTN
Adrenergic drugs are contraindicated in clients w/ HTN, narrow-angle glaucoma,
diabetes, uncontrolled CV disease, hyperthyroidism, prostatitis, or known
hypersensitivity to such drugs
, When providing general education on use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications for
allergies, which instruction should the nurse to include?
a. Discontinue use 4 days before allergy testing.
b. It may cause dry mouth and difficulty urinating.
c. The medication treats the signs and symptoms but is not a cure.
d. Do not use in children younger than 2 years of age unless prescribed. - ANSWER- d.
Do not use in children younger than 2 yrs of age unless prescribed.
OTC medications for allergies are not recommended for children younger than 2 years
of age unless prescribed by a health care provider.
A client is making an appointment for allergy testing. The nurse instructs the client not
take what class of medications at least 4 days before allergy testing?
a Antitussives
b Antihistamines
c Decongestants
d Bronchodilators - ANSWER- b. Antihistamines
An allergist will usually recommend discontinuation of antihistamine drug therapy at
least 4 days before allergy testing.
The nurse is providing education to a client with a history of chronic nasal congestion
secondary to allergic rhinitis. Which class of medications should the nurse anticipate the
provider would recommend for the client to use on a long-term basis?
a Antitussives
b Expectorants
c Antihistamines
d Intranasal steroids - ANSWER- d. Intrnasal steroids
Inhaled intranasal steroids and anticholinergic drugs are not associated with rebound
congestion and are often used prophylactically to prevent nasal congestion in clients
with chronic upper respiratory tract symptoms. Local intranasal steroids would have the
least likely possible systemic adverse effects of all the medication classes possible to
use for chronic and long term use.
The nurse is discussing with the client the management of symptoms of an upper
respiratory tract infection. Which classes of medications are often used in treating the
symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections? (Select all that apply.)
a Antibiotics
b Antitussives
c Expectorants
