MED/SURG FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
.A charge nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse administer oral medications to a client. Which of the
following actions by the newly licensed nurse requires intervention by the charge nurse? - ANSWER-
Places the contents of a time released capsule in applesauce.
- The nurse should not open time released medications because they will absorbed into the
gastrointestinal tract immediately, which defeats the purpose of a time released capsule.
.A client comes to the clinic and requests sildenafil to treat his erectile dysfunction. Which of the
following is an appropriate statement for the nurse to make to the client? - ANSWER-"You will not be
able to use sildenafil if you are taking nitroglycerin."
Nitroglycerin and sildenafil can both cause vasodilation and can lead to significant hypotension if taken
together.
.A client has a prescription for total parenteral nutrition at a rate of 3L/24hr. The prescription calls for a
50% infusion rate for the first 24hr. The nurse should recognize that the client will receive how may
milliliters in the first 48hr? - ANSWER-4,500
- The client is receive 3,000mL per 24hr, but only half that amount for the first 24hr. So, the client would
receive 1,500mL in the first 24hr and the full 3,000mL in the second 24hr, for a total of 4,500mL for the
first 48hr.
.A client presents to the clinic for a 1 week follow up visit after hospitalization for heart failure. Based on
the information in the chart, which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? -
ANSWER-Heart rate 55/min
- This heart rate is a significant drop from baseline, and it can indicate the development of digoxin
toxicity.
,.A client recovering from surgery is admitted to the PACU. The client's blood pressure is 90/55mmHg,
and the client is reporting nausea. Which of the following position s is appropriate for this client? -
ANSWER-Side-lying
- To prevent any further drop in blood pressure, the nurse should keep the client's head flat and
maintain the client in a side lying position to prevent aspiration if vomiting occurs.
.A client who has a history of anxiety disorder reports numbness and tingling in the fingertips and has a
pulse rate of 140/min and respirations of 42/min. Which of the following is the nurse's priority
intervention? - ANSWER-Apply a nonrebreather mask without oxygen.
- The greatest risk to the client is hypocapnia and subsequent development of respiratory alkalosis;
therefore, the priority intervention is to assist the client to retain more carbon dioxide, minimizing the
potential for development of respiratory alkalosis by using a nonrebreather mask.
.A client who has emphysema is receiving mechanical ventilation. The client appears anxious and
restless, and the high pressure alarm is sounding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take
first? - ANSWER-Instruct the client to allow the machine to breathe for him.
- When providing nursing care, the nurse should first use the least restrictive intervention. Because
anxiety and restlessness indicate that the client is "fighting the ventilator," the nurse should first provide
verbal instructions and emotional support to help the client relax and allow the ventilator to work.
Pancuronium is administered to increase the client's tolerance of mechanical ventilation. (But it's not
the first action)
.A community health nurse is teaching a group of clients about melanoma. Which of the following
characteristics of lesions associated with melanoma should the nurse include in the teaching? -
ANSWER-An irregular border
.A home health nurse enters a client's home and finds a used insulin syringe, without a cap, on the table.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER-Place the syringe in a puncture-proof
disposal container.
.A home health nurse has been assigned to a client who was recently discharged from a rehabilitation
center after experiencing a right hemispheric cerebrovascular accident. Which of the following
, neurological deficits should the nurse expect to find during assessment of the client? - ANSWER-Visual
spatial deficits.
Left hemianopsia.
One side neglect.
.A newly licensed nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA). Which of the following statements by the nurse indicates a need for further training? -
ANSWER-I will need to move the client to a room with negative air flow."
- A client who has MRSA does not require a negative pressure airflow room because the mode of
transmission is not airborne.
The nurse should follow standard precautions and were a mask whenever there is a risk of splashing of
body fluids.
Should follow contact precautions, and wear a gown to prevent cross contamination and use dedicated
equipment when assessing the client to prevent cross contamination with other clients.
.A nurse in a long term care facility is caring for four clients. Which of the following clients should be
moved to a private room? - ANSWER-A client with shingles.
- A client who has shingles requires airborne precautions and therefore requires a private room.
.A nurse in a provider's office is educating a client who is to have an endometrial biopsy. Which of the
following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER-"My doctor
will remove a tissue specimen from inside my uterus."
- An endometrial biopsy involves removal of a sample of the endometrial tissue, which lines the uterus.
.A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who has extensive burns, including on her
face. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform first? - ANSWER-Characteristics of
the cough and sputum
ANSWERS
.A charge nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse administer oral medications to a client. Which of the
following actions by the newly licensed nurse requires intervention by the charge nurse? - ANSWER-
Places the contents of a time released capsule in applesauce.
- The nurse should not open time released medications because they will absorbed into the
gastrointestinal tract immediately, which defeats the purpose of a time released capsule.
.A client comes to the clinic and requests sildenafil to treat his erectile dysfunction. Which of the
following is an appropriate statement for the nurse to make to the client? - ANSWER-"You will not be
able to use sildenafil if you are taking nitroglycerin."
Nitroglycerin and sildenafil can both cause vasodilation and can lead to significant hypotension if taken
together.
.A client has a prescription for total parenteral nutrition at a rate of 3L/24hr. The prescription calls for a
50% infusion rate for the first 24hr. The nurse should recognize that the client will receive how may
milliliters in the first 48hr? - ANSWER-4,500
- The client is receive 3,000mL per 24hr, but only half that amount for the first 24hr. So, the client would
receive 1,500mL in the first 24hr and the full 3,000mL in the second 24hr, for a total of 4,500mL for the
first 48hr.
.A client presents to the clinic for a 1 week follow up visit after hospitalization for heart failure. Based on
the information in the chart, which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? -
ANSWER-Heart rate 55/min
- This heart rate is a significant drop from baseline, and it can indicate the development of digoxin
toxicity.
,.A client recovering from surgery is admitted to the PACU. The client's blood pressure is 90/55mmHg,
and the client is reporting nausea. Which of the following position s is appropriate for this client? -
ANSWER-Side-lying
- To prevent any further drop in blood pressure, the nurse should keep the client's head flat and
maintain the client in a side lying position to prevent aspiration if vomiting occurs.
.A client who has a history of anxiety disorder reports numbness and tingling in the fingertips and has a
pulse rate of 140/min and respirations of 42/min. Which of the following is the nurse's priority
intervention? - ANSWER-Apply a nonrebreather mask without oxygen.
- The greatest risk to the client is hypocapnia and subsequent development of respiratory alkalosis;
therefore, the priority intervention is to assist the client to retain more carbon dioxide, minimizing the
potential for development of respiratory alkalosis by using a nonrebreather mask.
.A client who has emphysema is receiving mechanical ventilation. The client appears anxious and
restless, and the high pressure alarm is sounding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take
first? - ANSWER-Instruct the client to allow the machine to breathe for him.
- When providing nursing care, the nurse should first use the least restrictive intervention. Because
anxiety and restlessness indicate that the client is "fighting the ventilator," the nurse should first provide
verbal instructions and emotional support to help the client relax and allow the ventilator to work.
Pancuronium is administered to increase the client's tolerance of mechanical ventilation. (But it's not
the first action)
.A community health nurse is teaching a group of clients about melanoma. Which of the following
characteristics of lesions associated with melanoma should the nurse include in the teaching? -
ANSWER-An irregular border
.A home health nurse enters a client's home and finds a used insulin syringe, without a cap, on the table.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER-Place the syringe in a puncture-proof
disposal container.
.A home health nurse has been assigned to a client who was recently discharged from a rehabilitation
center after experiencing a right hemispheric cerebrovascular accident. Which of the following
, neurological deficits should the nurse expect to find during assessment of the client? - ANSWER-Visual
spatial deficits.
Left hemianopsia.
One side neglect.
.A newly licensed nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA). Which of the following statements by the nurse indicates a need for further training? -
ANSWER-I will need to move the client to a room with negative air flow."
- A client who has MRSA does not require a negative pressure airflow room because the mode of
transmission is not airborne.
The nurse should follow standard precautions and were a mask whenever there is a risk of splashing of
body fluids.
Should follow contact precautions, and wear a gown to prevent cross contamination and use dedicated
equipment when assessing the client to prevent cross contamination with other clients.
.A nurse in a long term care facility is caring for four clients. Which of the following clients should be
moved to a private room? - ANSWER-A client with shingles.
- A client who has shingles requires airborne precautions and therefore requires a private room.
.A nurse in a provider's office is educating a client who is to have an endometrial biopsy. Which of the
following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER-"My doctor
will remove a tissue specimen from inside my uterus."
- An endometrial biopsy involves removal of a sample of the endometrial tissue, which lines the uterus.
.A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who has extensive burns, including on her
face. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform first? - ANSWER-Characteristics of
the cough and sputum
