The Human Body in Health and Illness, 7th ed. Chapter 1
1. Anatomy: Branch of science that studies the structure of the body From Greek
word, meaning "to dissect".
2. Pnysiology: Branch of science that describes how the body functions.
3. Pathophysiology: Branch of science that describes the consequences of the
improper functioning of the body (i.e., how a body part functions when a person
has a disease)
4. Cell: The basic unit of life;
The structural and functional unit of a living organism.
5. Tissues: Specialized groups of cells that perform a specific function
6. Organs: Group of tissues that perform a specialized function, such as the
lungs.
7. Organ System: Group of organs that perform a particular function, such as the
organs of digestion.
8. All organ systems together form the:: Human organism.
9. List the levels of organization, from smallest to largest:: Atoms, Molecules,
Cells, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
10. T/F: The stomach and intestines are organs that are part of the
digestive organ system: True
11. Components of the Integumentary System: Consists of skin and related
accessory structures, such as hair and nails.
12. Functions of the Integumentary System: Forms a covering for the body,
helps regulate body temperature, and contains some of the structures
necessary for sensation.
13. Components of the Skeletal System: Consists primarily of bones, joints,
and cartilage
14. Functions of the Skeletal System: Forms the basic framework of the body;
protects and supports body organs and enables us to move around. Also
produces most of the blood cells in bone marrow.
15. Components of the Muscular System: Consists of three muscle types:
Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth.
16. Functions of the Muscular System:: Responsible for movement of the
skeleton, maintenance of body posture, pumping of blood through body, move
body fluids through vessels and organs.
17. Location and function of Skeletal Muscle: Attach to the bones,
responsible for movement of the skeleton, maintenance of body posture.
, 18. Location and function of Cardiac Muscle: Found in the heart, enable heart
to pump blood throughout the body.
19. Location and function of Smooth Muscle:: Found in various organs and
tubes; contraction and relaxation of this muscle type helps move body fluids
through organs and blood vessels.
20 Components of the Nervous System: Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense
organs.
21. Function of the Nervous System: Thinking, emotion, higher level thought.
Changes are sensed by system, and sent to spinal cord and brain for
interpretation; decisions transmitted to body structures to elicit response.
22. Sensory Nerves basic function: Receive information from the environment
and bring it to the Spinal Cord and Brain, for interpretation.
23. Motor Nerves basic function: Transmit decisions from brain and spinal cord
to various body structures to elicit a response.
24. Components of the Endocrine System: Glands, ducts, hormones
25. Basic function of the Endocrine System: Glands secrete hormones and
chemical substances that regulate body activities, such as growth,
reproduction, metabolism, and water balance.
26. Components of the Circulatory System: Blood, heart, blood vessels 27.
Basic functions of the Circulatory System: Pumps and transports blood
throughout the body, to bring nutrients and oxygen to all body cells, and
carries waste away from cells to the organs of excretion.
28. Components of the Lymphatic System: Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels,
and other lymphatic organs.
29. Basic functions of the Lymphatic System: Important role in fluid balance
and in the defense of the body against pathogens and other foreign material.
30. Basic functions of the Immune System: Widely distributed body defense
system that protects the body from pathogens, allergens, and some of our own
cells that are not normal (cancer cells).
31. Components of the Respiratory System: Contains the lungs and other
structures that conduct air to and from the lungs, including trachea and bronchi.
32. Basic functions of the Respiratory System: Conduct air to and from the
lungs, carrying oxygen throughout the body; excretes waste carbon dioxide
through exhalation. Plays key role in regulation of acid-base balance.
1. Anatomy: Branch of science that studies the structure of the body From Greek
word, meaning "to dissect".
2. Pnysiology: Branch of science that describes how the body functions.
3. Pathophysiology: Branch of science that describes the consequences of the
improper functioning of the body (i.e., how a body part functions when a person
has a disease)
4. Cell: The basic unit of life;
The structural and functional unit of a living organism.
5. Tissues: Specialized groups of cells that perform a specific function
6. Organs: Group of tissues that perform a specialized function, such as the
lungs.
7. Organ System: Group of organs that perform a particular function, such as the
organs of digestion.
8. All organ systems together form the:: Human organism.
9. List the levels of organization, from smallest to largest:: Atoms, Molecules,
Cells, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
10. T/F: The stomach and intestines are organs that are part of the
digestive organ system: True
11. Components of the Integumentary System: Consists of skin and related
accessory structures, such as hair and nails.
12. Functions of the Integumentary System: Forms a covering for the body,
helps regulate body temperature, and contains some of the structures
necessary for sensation.
13. Components of the Skeletal System: Consists primarily of bones, joints,
and cartilage
14. Functions of the Skeletal System: Forms the basic framework of the body;
protects and supports body organs and enables us to move around. Also
produces most of the blood cells in bone marrow.
15. Components of the Muscular System: Consists of three muscle types:
Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth.
16. Functions of the Muscular System:: Responsible for movement of the
skeleton, maintenance of body posture, pumping of blood through body, move
body fluids through vessels and organs.
17. Location and function of Skeletal Muscle: Attach to the bones,
responsible for movement of the skeleton, maintenance of body posture.
, 18. Location and function of Cardiac Muscle: Found in the heart, enable heart
to pump blood throughout the body.
19. Location and function of Smooth Muscle:: Found in various organs and
tubes; contraction and relaxation of this muscle type helps move body fluids
through organs and blood vessels.
20 Components of the Nervous System: Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense
organs.
21. Function of the Nervous System: Thinking, emotion, higher level thought.
Changes are sensed by system, and sent to spinal cord and brain for
interpretation; decisions transmitted to body structures to elicit response.
22. Sensory Nerves basic function: Receive information from the environment
and bring it to the Spinal Cord and Brain, for interpretation.
23. Motor Nerves basic function: Transmit decisions from brain and spinal cord
to various body structures to elicit a response.
24. Components of the Endocrine System: Glands, ducts, hormones
25. Basic function of the Endocrine System: Glands secrete hormones and
chemical substances that regulate body activities, such as growth,
reproduction, metabolism, and water balance.
26. Components of the Circulatory System: Blood, heart, blood vessels 27.
Basic functions of the Circulatory System: Pumps and transports blood
throughout the body, to bring nutrients and oxygen to all body cells, and
carries waste away from cells to the organs of excretion.
28. Components of the Lymphatic System: Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels,
and other lymphatic organs.
29. Basic functions of the Lymphatic System: Important role in fluid balance
and in the defense of the body against pathogens and other foreign material.
30. Basic functions of the Immune System: Widely distributed body defense
system that protects the body from pathogens, allergens, and some of our own
cells that are not normal (cancer cells).
31. Components of the Respiratory System: Contains the lungs and other
structures that conduct air to and from the lungs, including trachea and bronchi.
32. Basic functions of the Respiratory System: Conduct air to and from the
lungs, carrying oxygen throughout the body; excretes waste carbon dioxide
through exhalation. Plays key role in regulation of acid-base balance.
