The Human Body in Health and Illness: Chapter 2
1. What is matter?: Matter is anything that occupies space.
2. Matter exists in 3 states: 1,2,3.: Liquid, gas, and solid.
3. What is an element?: An element is matter that is composed of atoms tat
have the same number of positive charges in their nuclei.
4. What elements make up 96% of the body weight?: Carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, and nitrogen.
5. What are elements composed of?: Atoms.
6. What is an atom?: Atom is the smallest unit of an element.
7. What is an atom composed of?: A proton, neutron, and electron.
8. Where are the protons and neutrons located?: In the nucleus.
9. Protons carry a _____ charge.: Positive electric charge.
10. Neutrons carry _______ charge.: No electrical charge.
11. Electrons carry a ______ charge.: Negative electrical charge.
12. ______ is the simplest and smallest atom.: Hydrogen.
13. What is a compound?: If a molecule is built from two or more different
elements.
14. What is the atomic number?: The number of protons in the nucleus.
15. How is the atomic mass determined?: By adding the numbers of the
protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
16. What is an isotope?: A different form of the same atom.
17. Describe an isotope.: Often unstable, and their nuclei break down, or decay,
giving off energy.
18. What are unstable isotopes called?: Radioisotopes.
19. The process of decay is called _______.: Radioactivity.
20. Electrons surround in the nucleus in orbits called energy levels or
________.: Electron shells.
21. How many electrons can each shell of the nucleus hold?: The inner shell
can only hold two, while the second and the third can hold eight each.
22. What are the three types of chemical bonds?: Ionic, convalent, and
hydrogen.
23. Describe ionic bond.: Caused by a transfer of electrons between atoms.
24. Describe covalent bond.: Sharing of electrons by the outer shells of the
atoms.
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1. What is matter?: Matter is anything that occupies space.
2. Matter exists in 3 states: 1,2,3.: Liquid, gas, and solid.
3. What is an element?: An element is matter that is composed of atoms tat
have the same number of positive charges in their nuclei.
4. What elements make up 96% of the body weight?: Carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, and nitrogen.
5. What are elements composed of?: Atoms.
6. What is an atom?: Atom is the smallest unit of an element.
7. What is an atom composed of?: A proton, neutron, and electron.
8. Where are the protons and neutrons located?: In the nucleus.
9. Protons carry a _____ charge.: Positive electric charge.
10. Neutrons carry _______ charge.: No electrical charge.
11. Electrons carry a ______ charge.: Negative electrical charge.
12. ______ is the simplest and smallest atom.: Hydrogen.
13. What is a compound?: If a molecule is built from two or more different
elements.
14. What is the atomic number?: The number of protons in the nucleus.
15. How is the atomic mass determined?: By adding the numbers of the
protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
16. What is an isotope?: A different form of the same atom.
17. Describe an isotope.: Often unstable, and their nuclei break down, or decay,
giving off energy.
18. What are unstable isotopes called?: Radioisotopes.
19. The process of decay is called _______.: Radioactivity.
20. Electrons surround in the nucleus in orbits called energy levels or
________.: Electron shells.
21. How many electrons can each shell of the nucleus hold?: The inner shell
can only hold two, while the second and the third can hold eight each.
22. What are the three types of chemical bonds?: Ionic, convalent, and
hydrogen.
23. Describe ionic bond.: Caused by a transfer of electrons between atoms.
24. Describe covalent bond.: Sharing of electrons by the outer shells of the
atoms.
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