AES Final PASSED Actual Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
ecological footprint - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔the impact of a person or community on the
environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural
resources.
SchmidtEtAl2013NighttimeEffectofAircraftNoise - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Aircraft
cause hypertension and stress on sleep. in healthy adults, acute nighttime aircraft noise
exposure dose-dependently impairs endothelial function and stimulates adrenaline release.
Noise-induced ED may be in part due to increased production in reactive oxygen species and
may thus be one mechanism contributing to the observed association of chronic noise
exposure with cardiovascular disease.
Levyetal2012PMrelatedMortalityinUSfromAviation.pdf - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Growth
and increase in landing and takeoff emissions from aircraft
Blacketal2007aircraftnoisestress - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Aircraft noise stress causes
hypertension but not as bad as other loud variables
How to write an article critique - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Follow rubric and go off of
listed criteria
Lec 9: Trends in Aviation fuel production - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Approximately $106 a
barrel (Jan 2013)
Aviation jet fuel prices are dropping
Lec 9: How is crude oil separated - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔At the right temperature
gasoline is separated from oil. The distillation process is repeated several times but oil is
separated at slightly higher temperatures
,Lec 9: What is the difference between ideal and real combustion? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Fuel mixed with air and IDEAL combustion yields carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen,
oxygen, and sulfur dioxide (from lubricants and additives)
REAL combustion: also yield Carbon Monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbons (HCs), Soot Particles,
NOx, SOx, COx
Lec 9: How do aircraft emissions vary with phase of flight and ground operations? -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔CO2 and H2o Emissions are the same
Chemical reactions are impacted
NOx= SH 4.5 = 32 = 7.9-11.9
NOx =LH 4.5 = 27 = 11.1 - 15.4
C0 = 25(10-65) = <1 = 1-3.5
HC -=4 (0-12) = <0.5 = 0.2-1.3
SOx = 1.0 = 1.0 = 1.0
Lec 9: Does the location of the emissions matter? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Location of
the emissions matter
Lec 9: Aviation emissions: CO2, Nitrogen oxides, Sulfur oxides, PM, other emissions -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔CO2:CO2 is NOT the strongest greenhouse gas in terms of
radiative effect Carbon dioxide is naturally occurring in the environment; it is the
anthropogenic addition of CO2 that is the concern of environmentalists
NO: Function of combustion: Temperature Pressure Combustor design Unavoidable part of
combustion process
SO: Result of oxidation of sulfur-containing compounds to improve fuel lubricity Emissions
directly proportional to the concentration in fuels used
, Particulate Matter (PM): Can be classified as VOLATILE or Non-Volatile Created by
incomplete combustion
Other emissions: CO Hydroxyl radicals (OH)- around 1 ppb Nitrous acid (HONO) Nitric
Acid (HNO3) Chem-ions (CI)- high temperatures by chemiionisation of free radicals
Lec 9: What do emissions depend on? (some constant, some fuel dependent, some vary by
operational conditions....) - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Is the aircraft flying in the
troposphere or stratosphere
Lec 10: Regulations and laws - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔NEPA: National Environmental
Policy Act(1969)
EMS: Environmental Management System
NEPA requirements and Wildlife Hazard Management Plans
EPA Clean Air Act
Lec 10: Organizations involved in regulating - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔FAA
NEPA requirements and Wildlife Hazard Management Plans
Airport Environmental Program
Lec 10: Laws- NEPA goals/purpose - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1. Protect the environment
-ensure Federal agencies consider environment
2. Provide info to citizens and public officials before action
-Quality information
-Accurate and scientific information
-Experts
-Focus on information that is important for the issue at hand
3. Promote excellent action - help officials make decisions
-Understand environmental issues and impacts
Questions and CORRECT Answers
ecological footprint - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔the impact of a person or community on the
environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural
resources.
SchmidtEtAl2013NighttimeEffectofAircraftNoise - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Aircraft
cause hypertension and stress on sleep. in healthy adults, acute nighttime aircraft noise
exposure dose-dependently impairs endothelial function and stimulates adrenaline release.
Noise-induced ED may be in part due to increased production in reactive oxygen species and
may thus be one mechanism contributing to the observed association of chronic noise
exposure with cardiovascular disease.
Levyetal2012PMrelatedMortalityinUSfromAviation.pdf - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Growth
and increase in landing and takeoff emissions from aircraft
Blacketal2007aircraftnoisestress - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Aircraft noise stress causes
hypertension but not as bad as other loud variables
How to write an article critique - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Follow rubric and go off of
listed criteria
Lec 9: Trends in Aviation fuel production - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Approximately $106 a
barrel (Jan 2013)
Aviation jet fuel prices are dropping
Lec 9: How is crude oil separated - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔At the right temperature
gasoline is separated from oil. The distillation process is repeated several times but oil is
separated at slightly higher temperatures
,Lec 9: What is the difference between ideal and real combustion? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Fuel mixed with air and IDEAL combustion yields carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen,
oxygen, and sulfur dioxide (from lubricants and additives)
REAL combustion: also yield Carbon Monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbons (HCs), Soot Particles,
NOx, SOx, COx
Lec 9: How do aircraft emissions vary with phase of flight and ground operations? -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔CO2 and H2o Emissions are the same
Chemical reactions are impacted
NOx= SH 4.5 = 32 = 7.9-11.9
NOx =LH 4.5 = 27 = 11.1 - 15.4
C0 = 25(10-65) = <1 = 1-3.5
HC -=4 (0-12) = <0.5 = 0.2-1.3
SOx = 1.0 = 1.0 = 1.0
Lec 9: Does the location of the emissions matter? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Location of
the emissions matter
Lec 9: Aviation emissions: CO2, Nitrogen oxides, Sulfur oxides, PM, other emissions -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔CO2:CO2 is NOT the strongest greenhouse gas in terms of
radiative effect Carbon dioxide is naturally occurring in the environment; it is the
anthropogenic addition of CO2 that is the concern of environmentalists
NO: Function of combustion: Temperature Pressure Combustor design Unavoidable part of
combustion process
SO: Result of oxidation of sulfur-containing compounds to improve fuel lubricity Emissions
directly proportional to the concentration in fuels used
, Particulate Matter (PM): Can be classified as VOLATILE or Non-Volatile Created by
incomplete combustion
Other emissions: CO Hydroxyl radicals (OH)- around 1 ppb Nitrous acid (HONO) Nitric
Acid (HNO3) Chem-ions (CI)- high temperatures by chemiionisation of free radicals
Lec 9: What do emissions depend on? (some constant, some fuel dependent, some vary by
operational conditions....) - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Is the aircraft flying in the
troposphere or stratosphere
Lec 10: Regulations and laws - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔NEPA: National Environmental
Policy Act(1969)
EMS: Environmental Management System
NEPA requirements and Wildlife Hazard Management Plans
EPA Clean Air Act
Lec 10: Organizations involved in regulating - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔FAA
NEPA requirements and Wildlife Hazard Management Plans
Airport Environmental Program
Lec 10: Laws- NEPA goals/purpose - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1. Protect the environment
-ensure Federal agencies consider environment
2. Provide info to citizens and public officials before action
-Quality information
-Accurate and scientific information
-Experts
-Focus on information that is important for the issue at hand
3. Promote excellent action - help officials make decisions
-Understand environmental issues and impacts
