ATI Adult Medical-Surgical Retake 1 Exam Study Guide
(Adult Med-Surg ATI) Questions With Answers.
1. seizures and epilepsy: seizure precautions
what should you do during a seizure?
a) position the client on the floor and provide a patent airway
b) turn the client to the side and loosen restrictive clothing
2. cancer treatment options: protective isolation
what steps should you take if the client's wbc drops below 1,000?
a) place the client in a private room and initiate neutropenic precautions
b) have the client remain in the room unless leaving for a diagnostic procedure, and use a mask during transport
c) protect from possible infection sources (e.g., plants, daily water changes)
d) ensure frequent hand hygiene for the client, staff, and visitors; restrict ill visitors
e) avoid invasive procedures
f) administer medications like neupogen or neulasta to stimulate wbc production
3. infection control: appropriate room assignment
which of the following is true for standard precautions?
a) applies to all patients
b) hand washing with alcohol-based solutions is preferred unless hands are visibly soiled
c) gloves are required when touching potentially contaminated items
d) masks, eye protection, and face shields are used when care might cause splashing or spraying of body fluids
4. tb: priority action for a client in the emergency department
what is the priority action for a client suspected of having tuberculosis?
a) wear an n95 or hepa respirator
b) place the client in a negative airflow room and implement airborne precautions
c) use barrier protection when there is a risk of hand or clothing contamination
5. immunizations: recommended vaccinations for older adults
which vaccines are recommended for adults age 50 or older?
a) pneumococcal vaccine (ppsv)
b) influenza vaccine
c) herpes zoster vaccine
d) hepatitis a and b
e) meningococcal vaccine
1|P a g e
,6. pulmonary embolism: risk factors for dvt
which of the following are risk factors for developing deep vein thrombosis (dvt)?
a) long-term immobility
b) oral contraceptives
c) pregnancy
d) tobacco use
e) hypercoagulability
f) obesity
g) surgery
h) heart failure or chronic a-fib
i) autoimmune hemolytic anemia (sickle cell)
j) long bone fractures
k) advanced age
7. disorders of the male reproductive system: complications of continuous irrigation following trans-
urethral resection
what are potential complications of continuous irrigation after a trans-urethral resection?
a) urethral trauma
b) urinary retention
c) bleeding
d) infection
8. stroke: caring for a client with left-sided hemiplegia
what should be done when caring for a client with left-sided hemiplegia?
a) observe extremities for injury
b) apply an arm sling if the client cannot care for the affected extremity
c) ensure the foot rest is on the wheelchair and the ankle brace is on the affected foot
d) instruct the client to dress the affected side first
9. fractures and immobilization devices: prevent complications
what are key measures to prevent complications with fractures and immobilization devices?
a) assess neurovascular status every hour for 24 hours and then q4 hours
b) maintain body alignment
c) avoid lifting or removing weights
d) monitor pain level and signs of infection
e) support nutrition
10. pain management: non-pharmacological methods of pain relief
which non-pharmacological methods can be used for pain relief?
a) cutaneous stimulation (e.g., tens, heat, cold, therapeutic touch, massage)
b) distraction (e.g., deep breathing, ambulation, visitors, tv, music)
c) relaxation (e.g., meditation, yoga, progressive muscle relaxation)
d) imagery (e.g., focusing on pleasant thoughts)
e) elevation of extremities to promote venous return
2|P a g e
, 11. acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease: evaluating teaching about nutrition
what dietary restrictions should be considered for a client with acute kidney injury?
a) restrict intake of potassium, phosphate, and magnesium during the oliguric phase
b) regulate potassium and sodium according to the stage of kidney injury
c) provide a high-protein diet to replace protein breakdown due to illness, potentially using tpn
12. heart failure and pulmonary edema: dietary teaching about sodium restriction
what dietary modifications should be made for a client with heart failure and pulmonary edema?
a) maintain fluid and sodium restriction
b) increase dietary intake of potassium
13. pulmonary embolism: planning care for a client receiving enoxaparin
what should be monitored for a client receiving enoxaparin?
a) contraindications such as active bleeding, peptic ulcer disease, history of stroke, recent trauma
b) bleeding times (pt, aptt, and inr)
c) side effects such as thrombocytopenia, anemia, and hemorrhage
14. rheumatoid arthritis: reviewing laboratory values
which lab values are associated with rheumatoid arthritis?
a) positive anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide
b) rf antibody (diagnostic level for ra is 1:40-1:60, expected reference range 1:20)
c) elevated esr (20-40 mild inflammation, 40-70 moderate, 70-150 severe)
d) positive c-reactive protein
e) positive ana titer
f) elevated wbcs
15. medications affecting coagulation: heparin contraindications
what should be avoided while on heparin?
a) nsaids
16. antibiotics affecting protein synthesis: adverse effects of gentamicin
what are the adverse effects of gentamicin?
a) ototoxicity (hearing loss, loss of balance)
b) nephrotoxicity (proteinuria, elevated bun, creatinine levels)
c) hypersensitivity (rash, pruritus, paresthesia of hands and feet, urticaria)
3|P a g e
(Adult Med-Surg ATI) Questions With Answers.
1. seizures and epilepsy: seizure precautions
what should you do during a seizure?
a) position the client on the floor and provide a patent airway
b) turn the client to the side and loosen restrictive clothing
2. cancer treatment options: protective isolation
what steps should you take if the client's wbc drops below 1,000?
a) place the client in a private room and initiate neutropenic precautions
b) have the client remain in the room unless leaving for a diagnostic procedure, and use a mask during transport
c) protect from possible infection sources (e.g., plants, daily water changes)
d) ensure frequent hand hygiene for the client, staff, and visitors; restrict ill visitors
e) avoid invasive procedures
f) administer medications like neupogen or neulasta to stimulate wbc production
3. infection control: appropriate room assignment
which of the following is true for standard precautions?
a) applies to all patients
b) hand washing with alcohol-based solutions is preferred unless hands are visibly soiled
c) gloves are required when touching potentially contaminated items
d) masks, eye protection, and face shields are used when care might cause splashing or spraying of body fluids
4. tb: priority action for a client in the emergency department
what is the priority action for a client suspected of having tuberculosis?
a) wear an n95 or hepa respirator
b) place the client in a negative airflow room and implement airborne precautions
c) use barrier protection when there is a risk of hand or clothing contamination
5. immunizations: recommended vaccinations for older adults
which vaccines are recommended for adults age 50 or older?
a) pneumococcal vaccine (ppsv)
b) influenza vaccine
c) herpes zoster vaccine
d) hepatitis a and b
e) meningococcal vaccine
1|P a g e
,6. pulmonary embolism: risk factors for dvt
which of the following are risk factors for developing deep vein thrombosis (dvt)?
a) long-term immobility
b) oral contraceptives
c) pregnancy
d) tobacco use
e) hypercoagulability
f) obesity
g) surgery
h) heart failure or chronic a-fib
i) autoimmune hemolytic anemia (sickle cell)
j) long bone fractures
k) advanced age
7. disorders of the male reproductive system: complications of continuous irrigation following trans-
urethral resection
what are potential complications of continuous irrigation after a trans-urethral resection?
a) urethral trauma
b) urinary retention
c) bleeding
d) infection
8. stroke: caring for a client with left-sided hemiplegia
what should be done when caring for a client with left-sided hemiplegia?
a) observe extremities for injury
b) apply an arm sling if the client cannot care for the affected extremity
c) ensure the foot rest is on the wheelchair and the ankle brace is on the affected foot
d) instruct the client to dress the affected side first
9. fractures and immobilization devices: prevent complications
what are key measures to prevent complications with fractures and immobilization devices?
a) assess neurovascular status every hour for 24 hours and then q4 hours
b) maintain body alignment
c) avoid lifting or removing weights
d) monitor pain level and signs of infection
e) support nutrition
10. pain management: non-pharmacological methods of pain relief
which non-pharmacological methods can be used for pain relief?
a) cutaneous stimulation (e.g., tens, heat, cold, therapeutic touch, massage)
b) distraction (e.g., deep breathing, ambulation, visitors, tv, music)
c) relaxation (e.g., meditation, yoga, progressive muscle relaxation)
d) imagery (e.g., focusing on pleasant thoughts)
e) elevation of extremities to promote venous return
2|P a g e
, 11. acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease: evaluating teaching about nutrition
what dietary restrictions should be considered for a client with acute kidney injury?
a) restrict intake of potassium, phosphate, and magnesium during the oliguric phase
b) regulate potassium and sodium according to the stage of kidney injury
c) provide a high-protein diet to replace protein breakdown due to illness, potentially using tpn
12. heart failure and pulmonary edema: dietary teaching about sodium restriction
what dietary modifications should be made for a client with heart failure and pulmonary edema?
a) maintain fluid and sodium restriction
b) increase dietary intake of potassium
13. pulmonary embolism: planning care for a client receiving enoxaparin
what should be monitored for a client receiving enoxaparin?
a) contraindications such as active bleeding, peptic ulcer disease, history of stroke, recent trauma
b) bleeding times (pt, aptt, and inr)
c) side effects such as thrombocytopenia, anemia, and hemorrhage
14. rheumatoid arthritis: reviewing laboratory values
which lab values are associated with rheumatoid arthritis?
a) positive anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide
b) rf antibody (diagnostic level for ra is 1:40-1:60, expected reference range 1:20)
c) elevated esr (20-40 mild inflammation, 40-70 moderate, 70-150 severe)
d) positive c-reactive protein
e) positive ana titer
f) elevated wbcs
15. medications affecting coagulation: heparin contraindications
what should be avoided while on heparin?
a) nsaids
16. antibiotics affecting protein synthesis: adverse effects of gentamicin
what are the adverse effects of gentamicin?
a) ototoxicity (hearing loss, loss of balance)
b) nephrotoxicity (proteinuria, elevated bun, creatinine levels)
c) hypersensitivity (rash, pruritus, paresthesia of hands and feet, urticaria)
3|P a g e
