Pathophysiology Chapter 20:
Respiratory Inflammation and Infection
Which unique respiratory infection is caused by a resilient bacterial organism that can remain
dormant in the body?
1. Dyspnea
2. Tuberculosis(TB)
3. Pulmonary aspiration
4. Cough - ANSWER 2. Tuberculosis(TB)
Dyspnea is a sensation in which a person feels - ANSWER shortness of breath.
Cough is an involuntary response to - ANSWER mechanical or chemical stimulation of the bronchial
tree.
Pulmonary aspiration occurs when - ANSWER materials from the oropharynx enter the lower
respiratory tract.
TB is a unique respiratory infection caused by a - ANSWER resilient bacterial organism that can
remain dormant in the body as latent TB.
Which is the process of coughing up sputum?
1. Expectoration
2. Hemoptysis
3. Atelectasis
4. Hypoxia - ANSWER 1. Expectoration
Expectoration is the process of - ANSWER coughing up sputum.
Hemoptysis refers to the production of - ANSWER sputum that contains blood.
,Which test involves the continuous monitoring of the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin?
1. Bronchoscopy
2. Computed tomography
3. Pulse oximetry
4. Arterial blood gases - ANSWER 3. Pulse oximetry
Hypoxia occurs when there are insufficient - ANSWER oxygen levels in the blood to meet the needs of
the tissue.
Which condition results in lung tissue filling up with fluid or pus, inflammatory cells, and fibrin?
1. Pneumonia
2. Acute bronchitis
3. Tracheitis
4. Acute rhinitis - ANSWER 1. Pneumonia
helps direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi. - ANSWER Bronchoscopy
Which bacterium is responsible for pneumonia in a client with HIV infection?
1. Pneumocystis carinii
2. Pneumocystis jiroveci
3. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
4. Mycoplasma pneumoniae - ANSWER 2. Pneumocystis jiroveci
Which pulmonary condition is caused by infiltration of bacteria, resulting in a localized area of
purulent inflammation, tissue necrosis, and central area of liquefaction?
1. Lung abscess
2. Myringitis
3. Tuberculosis
, 4. Tracheitis - ANSWER 1. Lung abscess
provide information about the exchange of gases. - ANSWER Arterial blood gases
Atelectasis is the collapse of a small number of alveoli, resulting in - ANSWER reduced gas exchange
in the body.
The inflammation of the lung tissues, leading to the alveolar air spaces filling with purulent,
inflammatory cells, and fibrin. - ANSWER Pneumonia
An inflammation of the bronchi and the bronchioles caused by either bacterial or viral infection. -
ANSWER Acute bronchitis
Infection and inflammation of the trachea, commonly caused by bacteria. - ANSWER Tracheitis
Results in the inflammation and irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose. - ANSWER Acute
rhinitis
Which symptom is related to tuberculosis (TB)?
1. Cachexia
2. Night sweats
3. Hemoptysis
4. Both B and C - ANSWER 4. Both B and C
The nursing instructor is teaching a group of nursing students about pneumonia. Which statement
shows proper learning about pneumonia by the nursing students?
1. "Pneumonia causes more deaths in the United States than any other infection."
2. "Hospital-associated pneumonia (HAP) is a lung infection that is contracted immediately when the
client is admitted to the hospital."
3. "The pseudomonas microorganism is responsible for pneumonia that is spread by water."
Respiratory Inflammation and Infection
Which unique respiratory infection is caused by a resilient bacterial organism that can remain
dormant in the body?
1. Dyspnea
2. Tuberculosis(TB)
3. Pulmonary aspiration
4. Cough - ANSWER 2. Tuberculosis(TB)
Dyspnea is a sensation in which a person feels - ANSWER shortness of breath.
Cough is an involuntary response to - ANSWER mechanical or chemical stimulation of the bronchial
tree.
Pulmonary aspiration occurs when - ANSWER materials from the oropharynx enter the lower
respiratory tract.
TB is a unique respiratory infection caused by a - ANSWER resilient bacterial organism that can
remain dormant in the body as latent TB.
Which is the process of coughing up sputum?
1. Expectoration
2. Hemoptysis
3. Atelectasis
4. Hypoxia - ANSWER 1. Expectoration
Expectoration is the process of - ANSWER coughing up sputum.
Hemoptysis refers to the production of - ANSWER sputum that contains blood.
,Which test involves the continuous monitoring of the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin?
1. Bronchoscopy
2. Computed tomography
3. Pulse oximetry
4. Arterial blood gases - ANSWER 3. Pulse oximetry
Hypoxia occurs when there are insufficient - ANSWER oxygen levels in the blood to meet the needs of
the tissue.
Which condition results in lung tissue filling up with fluid or pus, inflammatory cells, and fibrin?
1. Pneumonia
2. Acute bronchitis
3. Tracheitis
4. Acute rhinitis - ANSWER 1. Pneumonia
helps direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi. - ANSWER Bronchoscopy
Which bacterium is responsible for pneumonia in a client with HIV infection?
1. Pneumocystis carinii
2. Pneumocystis jiroveci
3. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
4. Mycoplasma pneumoniae - ANSWER 2. Pneumocystis jiroveci
Which pulmonary condition is caused by infiltration of bacteria, resulting in a localized area of
purulent inflammation, tissue necrosis, and central area of liquefaction?
1. Lung abscess
2. Myringitis
3. Tuberculosis
, 4. Tracheitis - ANSWER 1. Lung abscess
provide information about the exchange of gases. - ANSWER Arterial blood gases
Atelectasis is the collapse of a small number of alveoli, resulting in - ANSWER reduced gas exchange
in the body.
The inflammation of the lung tissues, leading to the alveolar air spaces filling with purulent,
inflammatory cells, and fibrin. - ANSWER Pneumonia
An inflammation of the bronchi and the bronchioles caused by either bacterial or viral infection. -
ANSWER Acute bronchitis
Infection and inflammation of the trachea, commonly caused by bacteria. - ANSWER Tracheitis
Results in the inflammation and irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose. - ANSWER Acute
rhinitis
Which symptom is related to tuberculosis (TB)?
1. Cachexia
2. Night sweats
3. Hemoptysis
4. Both B and C - ANSWER 4. Both B and C
The nursing instructor is teaching a group of nursing students about pneumonia. Which statement
shows proper learning about pneumonia by the nursing students?
1. "Pneumonia causes more deaths in the United States than any other infection."
2. "Hospital-associated pneumonia (HAP) is a lung infection that is contracted immediately when the
client is admitted to the hospital."
3. "The pseudomonas microorganism is responsible for pneumonia that is spread by water."
