patho quiz 3 pt 2
How does progressive nephron injury affect angiotensin II activity?
a. Angiotensin II activity is decreased.
b. Angiotensin II activity is elevated.
c. Angiotensin II activity is totally suppressed.
d. Angiotensin II activity is not affected. - ANS b. Angiotensin II activity is elevated.
A patient has been diagnosed with a renal stone. Based on knowledge of common stone types, what
self-care measure does the healthcare professional plan to teach the patient when stone analysis
has returned?
a. Increase water intake.
b. Decrease soda intake.
c. Restrict animal protein in the diet.
d. Ingest 1000 mg of calcium a day. - ANS d. Ingest 1000 mg of calcium a day.
The student asks the professor to explain the role of pyrophosphate, potassium citrate, and
magnesium in the formation of kidney stones. What response by the professor is best?
a. They inhibit crystal growth.
b. They stimulate the supersaturation of salt.
c. They facilitate the precipitation of salts.
d. They enhance crystallization of salt crystals. - ANS a. They inhibit crystal growth.
Hypercalciuria is primarily attributable to which alteration?
a. Defective renal calcium reabsorption
b. Intestinal hyperabsorption of dietary calcium
c. Bone demineralization caused by prolonged immobilization
d. Hyperparathyroidism - ANS b. Intestinal hyperabsorption of dietary calcium
,Detrusor hyperreflexia develops from neurologic disorders that originate where?
a. Spinal cord between C2 and C4
b. Spinal cord between S2 and S4
c. Above the pontine micturition center
d. Below the cauda equina - ANS c. Above the pontine micturition center
A patient has overactive bladder syndrome. Which classification of drug does the healthcare
professional plan to teach the patient about?
a. Beta-Adrenergic blocking medications
b. Alpha-Adrenergic blocking medications
c. Parasympathomimetic medications
d. Anticholinesterase medications - ANS b. Alpha-Adrenergic blocking medications
Bladder cancer is associated with the gene mutation of which gene?
a. c-erbB2
b. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)
c. TP53
d. myc - ANS c. TP53
A female patient has been diagnosed with an uncomplicated urinary tract infection. What self-care
measure does the healthcare provider teach the patient that is specific to this type of infection?
a. Drink at least eight glasses of water a day.
b. Take medication if you have a fever.
c. Rest as much as you can in the next few days.
d. After using the bathroom, wipe from front to back. - ANS d. After using the bathroom, wipe from
front to back.
, A healthcare professional is assessing a patient who could have either pyelonephritis or cystitis.
Which differentiating sign would assist the professional in making this diagnosis?
a. Difficulty starting the stream of urine
b. Spasmodic pain that radiates to the groin
c. Increased glomerular filtration rate
d. Urinalysis confirmation of white blood cell casts - ANS d. Urinalysis confirmation of white blood
cell casts
An 85-year-old person has a urinary tract infection. What clinical manifestation does the healthcare
professional expect to see in this person?
a. Confusion and poorly localized abdominal discomfort
b. Dysuria, frequency, and suprapubic pain
c. Hematuria and flank pain
d. Pyuria, urgency, and frequency - ANS a. Confusion and poorly localized abdominal discomfort
Pyelonephritis is usually caused by which type of organism?
a. Bacteria
b. Fungi
c. Viruses
d. Parasites - ANS a. Bacteria
Which abnormal laboratory value is found in glomerular disorders?
a. Elevated creatinine concentration
b. Low blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
c. Elevated immunoglobulin A (IgA)
d. Low serum complement - ANS a. Elevated creatinine concentration
How does progressive nephron injury affect angiotensin II activity?
a. Angiotensin II activity is decreased.
b. Angiotensin II activity is elevated.
c. Angiotensin II activity is totally suppressed.
d. Angiotensin II activity is not affected. - ANS b. Angiotensin II activity is elevated.
A patient has been diagnosed with a renal stone. Based on knowledge of common stone types, what
self-care measure does the healthcare professional plan to teach the patient when stone analysis
has returned?
a. Increase water intake.
b. Decrease soda intake.
c. Restrict animal protein in the diet.
d. Ingest 1000 mg of calcium a day. - ANS d. Ingest 1000 mg of calcium a day.
The student asks the professor to explain the role of pyrophosphate, potassium citrate, and
magnesium in the formation of kidney stones. What response by the professor is best?
a. They inhibit crystal growth.
b. They stimulate the supersaturation of salt.
c. They facilitate the precipitation of salts.
d. They enhance crystallization of salt crystals. - ANS a. They inhibit crystal growth.
Hypercalciuria is primarily attributable to which alteration?
a. Defective renal calcium reabsorption
b. Intestinal hyperabsorption of dietary calcium
c. Bone demineralization caused by prolonged immobilization
d. Hyperparathyroidism - ANS b. Intestinal hyperabsorption of dietary calcium
,Detrusor hyperreflexia develops from neurologic disorders that originate where?
a. Spinal cord between C2 and C4
b. Spinal cord between S2 and S4
c. Above the pontine micturition center
d. Below the cauda equina - ANS c. Above the pontine micturition center
A patient has overactive bladder syndrome. Which classification of drug does the healthcare
professional plan to teach the patient about?
a. Beta-Adrenergic blocking medications
b. Alpha-Adrenergic blocking medications
c. Parasympathomimetic medications
d. Anticholinesterase medications - ANS b. Alpha-Adrenergic blocking medications
Bladder cancer is associated with the gene mutation of which gene?
a. c-erbB2
b. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)
c. TP53
d. myc - ANS c. TP53
A female patient has been diagnosed with an uncomplicated urinary tract infection. What self-care
measure does the healthcare provider teach the patient that is specific to this type of infection?
a. Drink at least eight glasses of water a day.
b. Take medication if you have a fever.
c. Rest as much as you can in the next few days.
d. After using the bathroom, wipe from front to back. - ANS d. After using the bathroom, wipe from
front to back.
, A healthcare professional is assessing a patient who could have either pyelonephritis or cystitis.
Which differentiating sign would assist the professional in making this diagnosis?
a. Difficulty starting the stream of urine
b. Spasmodic pain that radiates to the groin
c. Increased glomerular filtration rate
d. Urinalysis confirmation of white blood cell casts - ANS d. Urinalysis confirmation of white blood
cell casts
An 85-year-old person has a urinary tract infection. What clinical manifestation does the healthcare
professional expect to see in this person?
a. Confusion and poorly localized abdominal discomfort
b. Dysuria, frequency, and suprapubic pain
c. Hematuria and flank pain
d. Pyuria, urgency, and frequency - ANS a. Confusion and poorly localized abdominal discomfort
Pyelonephritis is usually caused by which type of organism?
a. Bacteria
b. Fungi
c. Viruses
d. Parasites - ANS a. Bacteria
Which abnormal laboratory value is found in glomerular disorders?
a. Elevated creatinine concentration
b. Low blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
c. Elevated immunoglobulin A (IgA)
d. Low serum complement - ANS a. Elevated creatinine concentration
