TEST BANK r
RADIATION PROTECTION IN MEDICALRADIOGRAPHY 9TH EDITION
r r r r r
By Mary Alice Statkiewicz Sherer
r r r r
, TABLE OF CONTENT r r
Chapter 1. Introduction to Radiation Protection
r r r r r
Chapter 2. Radiation: Types,Sources, and Doses Received
r r r r r r r
r Chapter 3. Interaction of X-Radiation with Matter
r r r r r r
Chapter 4. Radiation Quantities and Units Chapter
r r r r r r
r 5. Radiation Monitoring
r r
Chapter 6. Overview of Cell Biology
r r r r r
Chapter 7. Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology
r r r r r r
Chapter 8. Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems Chapter
r r r r r r r r r r r
9. Stochastic Effects and Late Tissue Reactions of Radiation in Organ Systems
r r r r r r r r r r r r
Chapter 10. Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
r r r r r r r r
r Chapter 11. Equipment Design for Radiation Protection
r r r r r r
Chapter 12. Managementof Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray
r r r r r r r r r
r Procedures
Chapter 13. Radiation Safety in ComputedTomography and Mammography
r r r r r r r r
r Chapter 14. Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose During
r r r r r r r r
r Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures r r
Chapter 15. Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection
r r r r r
Chapter 01: Introduction to Radiation Protection
r r r r r
Sherer: Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography, 9th Edition
r r r r r r r
MULTIPLE CHOICE r
1. Consequences of ionization in human cells include r r r r r r
1. creation of unstable atoms. r r r
2. production of free electrons. r r r
3. creation of highly reactive free molecules (called free radicals) capable of producing
r r r r r r r r r r r
substances poisonous to the cell.
r r r r r
4. creation of new biologic molecules detrimental to the living cell.
r r r r r r r r r
5. injury to the cell that may manifest itself as abnormal function or loss of function.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
6. production of low-energy x-ray photons. r r r r
a. 1, 2, 3, and 4 only r r r r r
b. 2, 3, 4, and 5 only r r r r r
c. 3, 4, 5, and 6 only r r r r r
d. All the options r r
ANS: D r
,2. Which of the following is a form of radiation that is capable of creating electrically charged
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
particles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter through which it
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
passes?
r
a. Ionizing radiation r
b. Nonionizing radiation r
c. Subatomic radiation r
d. Ultrasonic radiation r
ANS: A r
3. Regarding exposure to ionizing radiation, patients who are educated to understand the medical
r r r r r r r r r r r r
rbenefit of an imaging procedure are more likely to
r r r r r r r r
a. assume a small chance of biologic damage but not suppress any radiation phobia
r r r r r r r r r r r r
they may have.
r r r
b. cancel their scheduled procedure because they are not willing to assume a small
r r r r r r r r r r r r
chance of biologic damage.
r r r r
c. suppress any radiation phobia but not risk a small chance of possible biologic r r r r r r r r r r r r
damage. r
d. suppress any radiation phobia and be willing to assume a small chance ofpossible r r r r r r r r r r r r r
biologic damage.
r r
ANS: D r
4. The millisievert (mSv) is equal to
r r r r r
a. 1/10 of a sievert. r r r
b. 1/100 of a sievert. r r r
c. 1/1000 of a sievert. r r r
d. 1/10,000 of a sievert. r r r
ANS: C r
5. The advantages of the BERT method are
r r r r r r
1. BERT does not imply radiation risk; it is simply a means for comparison.
r r r r r r r r r r r r
2. BERT emphasizes that radiation is an innate part of the environment.
r r r r r r r r r r
3. BERT provides an answer that is easy for the patient to comprehend.
r r r r r r r r r r r
a. 1 and 2 only r r r
b. 1 and 3 only r r r
c. 2 and 3 only r r r
d. All the options r r
ANS: D r
6. If a patient asks a radiographer a question about how much radiation he or she will receive
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
from a specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer can
r r r r r r r r
a. respond by using an estimation based on the comparison of radiation received from
r r r r r r r r r r r r
the x-ray to natural background radiation received.
r r r r r r r
b. avoid the patient’s question by changing the subject.r r r r r r r
c. tell the patient that it is unethical to discuss such concerns.
r r r r r r r r r r
d. refuse to answer the question and recommend that he or she speak with the
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
referring physician.
r r
ANS: A r
7. Why should the selection of technical exposure factors for all medical imaging procedures
r r r r r r r r r r r r
always follow ALARA?
r r r
a. So that referring physicians ordering imaging procedures do not have to accept
r r r r r r r r r r r
responsibility for patient radiation safety.
r r r r r
b. So that radiographers and radiologists do not have to accept responsibility for
r r r r r r r r r r r
, patient radiation safety. r r
c. Because radiation-induced cancer does not appear to have a fixed threshold, that is, a
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
dose level below which a person would have no chance of developing this disease.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
d. Because radiation-induced cancer does have a dose level at which individuals
r r r r r r r r r r r
would have a chance of developing this disease.
r r r r r r r r
ANS: C r
8. The cardinal principles of radiation protection include which of the following?
r r r r r r r r r r
a. Time
b. Distance
c. Shielding
d. All the options r r
ANS: D r
9. In a hospital setting, which of the following professionals is expressly charged by the hospital
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
administration with being directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and
r r r r r r r r r r
maintenance of the ALARA program?
r r r r r
a. Assistant administrator of the facility r r r r
b. Chief of staff r r
c. Radiation Safety Officer r r
d. Student radiologic technologist r r
ANS: C r
10. Why is a question concerning the amount of radiation a patient will receive during a specific
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
x-ray procedure difficult to answer?
r r r r r
1. Because the received dose is specified in a number of different units of measure.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
2. Because the scientific units for radiation dose are normally not comprehensible by a patient.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
3. Because the patient should not receive any information about radiation dose.
r r r r r r r r r r
a. 1 and 2 only r r r
b. 1 and 3 only r r r
c. 2 and 3 only r r r
d. All the options r r
ANS: A r
11. X-rays are a form of which of the following kinds of radiation?
r r r r r r r r r r r
a. Environmental
b. Ionizing
c. Internal
d. Nonionizing
ANS: B r
12. What unit is used to measure radiation exposure in the metric International System of Units?
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
a. Coulomb per kilogram r r
b. Milligray
c. Millisievert
d. Sievert
ANS: A r
13. What organization was founded in 2007 that continues their pursuit to raise awareness of the
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
need for dose reduction protocols by promoting pediatric-specified scan protocols to be used
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
for both radiology and non-radiology users of CT?
r r r r r r r r
a. U.S. Food and Drug Administration r r r r
RADIATION PROTECTION IN MEDICALRADIOGRAPHY 9TH EDITION
r r r r r
By Mary Alice Statkiewicz Sherer
r r r r
, TABLE OF CONTENT r r
Chapter 1. Introduction to Radiation Protection
r r r r r
Chapter 2. Radiation: Types,Sources, and Doses Received
r r r r r r r
r Chapter 3. Interaction of X-Radiation with Matter
r r r r r r
Chapter 4. Radiation Quantities and Units Chapter
r r r r r r
r 5. Radiation Monitoring
r r
Chapter 6. Overview of Cell Biology
r r r r r
Chapter 7. Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology
r r r r r r
Chapter 8. Early Tissue Reactions and Their Effects on Organ Systems Chapter
r r r r r r r r r r r
9. Stochastic Effects and Late Tissue Reactions of Radiation in Organ Systems
r r r r r r r r r r r r
Chapter 10. Dose Limits for Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
r r r r r r r r
r Chapter 11. Equipment Design for Radiation Protection
r r r r r r
Chapter 12. Managementof Patient Radiation Dose During Diagnostic X-Ray
r r r r r r r r r
r Procedures
Chapter 13. Radiation Safety in ComputedTomography and Mammography
r r r r r r r r
r Chapter 14. Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose During
r r r r r r r r
r Diagnostic X-Ray Procedures r r
Chapter 15. Radioisotopes and Radiation Protection
r r r r r
Chapter 01: Introduction to Radiation Protection
r r r r r
Sherer: Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography, 9th Edition
r r r r r r r
MULTIPLE CHOICE r
1. Consequences of ionization in human cells include r r r r r r
1. creation of unstable atoms. r r r
2. production of free electrons. r r r
3. creation of highly reactive free molecules (called free radicals) capable of producing
r r r r r r r r r r r
substances poisonous to the cell.
r r r r r
4. creation of new biologic molecules detrimental to the living cell.
r r r r r r r r r
5. injury to the cell that may manifest itself as abnormal function or loss of function.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
6. production of low-energy x-ray photons. r r r r
a. 1, 2, 3, and 4 only r r r r r
b. 2, 3, 4, and 5 only r r r r r
c. 3, 4, 5, and 6 only r r r r r
d. All the options r r
ANS: D r
,2. Which of the following is a form of radiation that is capable of creating electrically charged
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
particles by removing orbital electrons from the atom of normal matter through which it
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
passes?
r
a. Ionizing radiation r
b. Nonionizing radiation r
c. Subatomic radiation r
d. Ultrasonic radiation r
ANS: A r
3. Regarding exposure to ionizing radiation, patients who are educated to understand the medical
r r r r r r r r r r r r
rbenefit of an imaging procedure are more likely to
r r r r r r r r
a. assume a small chance of biologic damage but not suppress any radiation phobia
r r r r r r r r r r r r
they may have.
r r r
b. cancel their scheduled procedure because they are not willing to assume a small
r r r r r r r r r r r r
chance of biologic damage.
r r r r
c. suppress any radiation phobia but not risk a small chance of possible biologic r r r r r r r r r r r r
damage. r
d. suppress any radiation phobia and be willing to assume a small chance ofpossible r r r r r r r r r r r r r
biologic damage.
r r
ANS: D r
4. The millisievert (mSv) is equal to
r r r r r
a. 1/10 of a sievert. r r r
b. 1/100 of a sievert. r r r
c. 1/1000 of a sievert. r r r
d. 1/10,000 of a sievert. r r r
ANS: C r
5. The advantages of the BERT method are
r r r r r r
1. BERT does not imply radiation risk; it is simply a means for comparison.
r r r r r r r r r r r r
2. BERT emphasizes that radiation is an innate part of the environment.
r r r r r r r r r r
3. BERT provides an answer that is easy for the patient to comprehend.
r r r r r r r r r r r
a. 1 and 2 only r r r
b. 1 and 3 only r r r
c. 2 and 3 only r r r
d. All the options r r
ANS: D r
6. If a patient asks a radiographer a question about how much radiation he or she will receive
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
from a specific x-ray procedure, the radiographer can
r r r r r r r r
a. respond by using an estimation based on the comparison of radiation received from
r r r r r r r r r r r r
the x-ray to natural background radiation received.
r r r r r r r
b. avoid the patient’s question by changing the subject.r r r r r r r
c. tell the patient that it is unethical to discuss such concerns.
r r r r r r r r r r
d. refuse to answer the question and recommend that he or she speak with the
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
referring physician.
r r
ANS: A r
7. Why should the selection of technical exposure factors for all medical imaging procedures
r r r r r r r r r r r r
always follow ALARA?
r r r
a. So that referring physicians ordering imaging procedures do not have to accept
r r r r r r r r r r r
responsibility for patient radiation safety.
r r r r r
b. So that radiographers and radiologists do not have to accept responsibility for
r r r r r r r r r r r
, patient radiation safety. r r
c. Because radiation-induced cancer does not appear to have a fixed threshold, that is, a
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
dose level below which a person would have no chance of developing this disease.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
d. Because radiation-induced cancer does have a dose level at which individuals
r r r r r r r r r r r
would have a chance of developing this disease.
r r r r r r r r
ANS: C r
8. The cardinal principles of radiation protection include which of the following?
r r r r r r r r r r
a. Time
b. Distance
c. Shielding
d. All the options r r
ANS: D r
9. In a hospital setting, which of the following professionals is expressly charged by the hospital
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
administration with being directly responsible for the execution, enforcement, and
r r r r r r r r r r
maintenance of the ALARA program?
r r r r r
a. Assistant administrator of the facility r r r r
b. Chief of staff r r
c. Radiation Safety Officer r r
d. Student radiologic technologist r r
ANS: C r
10. Why is a question concerning the amount of radiation a patient will receive during a specific
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
x-ray procedure difficult to answer?
r r r r r
1. Because the received dose is specified in a number of different units of measure.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
2. Because the scientific units for radiation dose are normally not comprehensible by a patient.
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
3. Because the patient should not receive any information about radiation dose.
r r r r r r r r r r
a. 1 and 2 only r r r
b. 1 and 3 only r r r
c. 2 and 3 only r r r
d. All the options r r
ANS: A r
11. X-rays are a form of which of the following kinds of radiation?
r r r r r r r r r r r
a. Environmental
b. Ionizing
c. Internal
d. Nonionizing
ANS: B r
12. What unit is used to measure radiation exposure in the metric International System of Units?
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
a. Coulomb per kilogram r r
b. Milligray
c. Millisievert
d. Sievert
ANS: A r
13. What organization was founded in 2007 that continues their pursuit to raise awareness of the
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
need for dose reduction protocols by promoting pediatric-specified scan protocols to be used
r r r r r r r r r r r r r
for both radiology and non-radiology users of CT?
r r r r r r r r
a. U.S. Food and Drug Administration r r r r
