DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PEDIATRIC NURSING: CRITICAL COMPONENTS OF NURSING CARE, 3RD EDITION KATHRYN RUDD

DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PEDIATRIC NURSING: CRITICAL COMPONENTS OF NURSING CARE, 3RD EDITION KATHRYN RUDD Chapter 1 Issues and Trends in Pediatric Nursing MULTIPLE CHOICE Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. 2. 3. 4. The nurse practitioner has provided a presentation to middle school children about nursing as a career. One of the children stated that he wanted to be a pediatric nurse practitioner, because he wants to take care of babies and little “kids.” What would be an appropriate response to this middle school–aged child? 1. “Nursing is a general practice; all nurse practitioners must know how to take care of all ages of clients.” 2. “As a pediatric nurse practitioner, you would get to care for babies and little kids as well as children through their teenage years.” 3. “What you are describing is actually a neonatal nurse practitioner. Neonatal nurse practitioners work with newborn babies, toddlers, and preschool-age children.” 4. “Being a pediatric nurse practitioner requires a master’s degree, so be sure to work hard in school!” The medical-surgical float nurse practitioner is assigned to the pediatric unit for the first time and states that the skills are “the same as general nursing since children are little adults with smaller bodies.” What component of pediatric nursing contraindicates this statement? 1. Pediatric nursing involves care based on the developmental level of the client. 2. Pediatric nursing involves the client’s family in the plan of care. 3. Pediatric nursing in based on prevention of infectious diseases. 4. Pediatric nursing involves cultural sensitivity in client care. The culturally sensitive pediatric nurse practitioner is aware of the racial makeup of the U.S. population. Which of the following reflects the demographics of the U.S. pediatric population in 2018, based on U.S. Census Bureau data? 1. The American Indian and Alaska Native population represent one-fifth of the pediatric population. 2. About half of the children fall in the category of something other than White non- Hispanic. 3. The population of Asian children decreased from 2015 to 2018. 4. There was no change in the population of Non-Hispanic children who represent two or more races between 2015 and 2018. The nurse practitioner at a family clinic is providing care to an adolescent client diagnosed with diabetes. The client has verbalized discomfort with the feelings of isolation when unable to drink alcohol with their friends. Which of the following would be the most appropriate response to this statement? 1. “Drinking alcohol is not only illegal but dangerous for your blood sugar control and overall well-being.” 2. “You can still drink alcohol, in moderation, if you control the sugar spike with more insulin.” 3. “Prepare for alcohol intake with more water and less carbohydrates before drinking to slow sugar spikes.” 4. “It is understandable that you want to be included, but perhaps we can work out a plan on how to work through those situations.” 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Which statement best describes the common core concepts of the different models of pediatric nursing? 1. All models focus on the open communication between the child and nurse practitioner. 2. All models focus on importance of family relationship to the child. 3. All models focus on safeguarding the child’s dignity during care. 4. All models focus on coordination of care needs that arise during illness. Which of the following tasks is associated with the pediatric medical home care model of pediatric nursing? 1. The nurse practitioner refers the family to a childhood cancer support group prior to discharge from the hospital. 2. The nurse practitioner includes a simple explanation of the procedure to the child based on the child’s developmental level. 3. The nurse practitioner includes the family’s cultural celebrations and observations while providing care to the child. 4. The nurse practitioner develops the plan of care with the child and family as the focal point of the interventions. The pediatric nurse practitioner begins a research project on 8-year-old clients with the medical diagnosis of pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS). The family has consented to the research, but as the nurse practitioner begins to administer the intervention, the client refuses to cooperate. What is the appropriate response to this refusal? 1. The nurse practitioner should discuss with the family the options of performing the intervention without the child’s knowledge. 2. The nurse practitioner should explain to the child that this is necessary and promise a reward at the end of the research project. 3. The nurse practitioner should refuse to perform the intervention until the child consents to the intervention and project. 4. The nurse practitioner should discuss the pros and cons of the research project with the child and focus on the outcomes. A nurse practitioner is providing relationship-based care to a pediatric client. Which of the following is a challenge the nurse practitioner is likely to encounter while using this model of care? 1. Maintaining a sterile field for a procedure with a restless toddler 2. Communicating with the blended family on regular basis 3. Treating children with antibiotic-resistant illnesses 4. Caring for a larger number of children with autism spectrum disorders and childhood depression The pediatric nurse practitioner desires to expand his or her career options to become the hospital’s nurse practitioner educator of pediatrics. Which of the following is necessary for this nurse practitioner to achieve this career goal? 1. The nurse practitioner is recommended to earn a minimum of a master’s degree in nursing. 2. The nurse practitioner must earn a minimum of a doctorate degree in nursing. 3. The nurse practitioner must implement and develop research in nursing practice. 4. The nurse practitioner must implement a plan to obtain certification in pediatrics. 10. The school nurse practitioner is developing a teaching session for the population of children in a middle school. The nurse practitioner has determined that the greatest need for the overall health of the children is promotion of healthy foods. Which of the following interventions is most likely to be effective? 1. Remove all unhealthy snacks from the vending machines. 2. Have a poster contest on healthy eating options. 3. Survey the student population during lunch breaks. 4. Engage the students in healthy choices with cooking lessons. 11. The nurse practitioner recognizes the needs of professional development to provide safe and effective care to the pediatric population by attending which of the following courses? 1. Procedure with rationale to administer human papilloma vaccine to the middle school population 2. Study review of the incidence of bullying and intimidation in the elementary school population 3. Demographic study of the U.S. population with regard to cultural diversity and practices 4. How to provide individual health care education for the children without parental interference 12. Which of the following continuing education courses would best enhance the pediatric nurse practitioner’s practice in relationship to current trends? 1. Evidence-based practice on improving antibiotic adherence with education to the family unit 2. Evidence-based practice on proper administration of antibiotics for children with autoimmune diseases 3. How to enhance communication with children in regards to adherence to antibiotic use 4. How to decrease instances of exacerbation of infections of children with autoimmune diseases with antibiotics 13. The pediatric nurse practitioner is developing interventions for a school-aged child based on the nursing diagnosis of imbalanced nutrition related to a body mass index (BMI) of 37 and poor food choices as evidenced by client’s mother’s food diary for the family and child’s statements of food preferences. Which of the following would be an appropriate nursing intervention? 1. Provide the child and family with information from https://www.MyP for healthy food options. 2. Increase the child’s activity by incorporating the child’s friends into a plan of healthy exercise options. 3. Explain the importance of balancing diet and exercise to prevent obesity to the child and family. 4. Provide information on the increased risk for potential disease processes such as diabetes and hypertension. 14. The nurse practitioner is developing interventions for a transgender adolescent based on the nursing diagnosis decreased self-esteem related to transgender identity as evidenced by statements of feeling “worthless, different, and alone.” What would be the most appropriate intervention based on the diagnosis? 1. Give positive RATIONALE on personal choices as appropriate. 2. Provide gender-affirming care to transgender youth. 3. Provide information on support groups for client and family. 4. Assess risk factors for depression and suicidal thoughts. 15. The pediatric nurse practitioner is providing care to an 8-year-old client who has Down’s syndrome and wants to ensure they are providing evidence-based care. Which of the following resources would best offer evidence-based practice guidelines related to the care of this client? 1. Journal of Specialists in Pediatric Nursing 2. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing 3. National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators 4. American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing Multiple Response Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question. 16. The nurse practitioner must obtain data for a routine assessment of the 8-month-old client. Which of the following are part of that assessment? Select all that apply. 1. Measure the head circumference and record results. 2. Enter length and weight in the growth chart. 3. Assess bilateral hand grasp strength and function. 4. Input the Tanner scale results in the chart. 5. List most recent immunizations in the chart. 17. Which of the following examples accurately represent the unique role of the pediatric nurse practitioner? Select all that apply. 1. The nurse practitioner developed an intervention that correlated with the client’s particular cultural practice. 2. The nurse practitioner shared information on the progress and interventions with the family and client. 3. The nurse practitioner engaged in one-to-one conversations with the family members as well as the client. 4. The nurse practitioner requested the family to leave during invasive procedures to maintain privacy. 5. The nurse practitioner developed interventions based on the knowledge of human growth and development. 18. The nurse practitioner is developing a health fair for children aged 5 and 6 years. Which of the following would be appropriate topics for this population based on current trends? Select all that apply. 1. How to deal with bullying on the Internet 2. How to prevent the flu with hand washing 3. How to choose and eat healthy foods 4. How to recognize suicidal thoughts 5. Ways to stay active and stay healthy 19. The school nurse practitioner is providing care to the student population in the urban elementary school. The nurse practitioner notes that the children do not feel safe playing outside during recess due to the recent violent incidents in the surrounding area. What are some disease processes that the nurse practitioner may notice due to this inactivity? Select all that apply. 1. The general population is at higher risk for obesity. 2. The students are at higher risk for increased bullying. 3. The students are at a higher risk for learning disabilities. 4. The students are at higher risk for diabetes mellitus. 5. The students are at higher risk for earlier onset of puberty. 20. The pediatric nurse practitioner is providing care to a 5-year-old client for speech impediments that were caused by repeated incidences of otitis media. Which of the following is an example of current issues regarding this type of medical problem? Select all that apply. 1. Increased admissions based on environmental risk factors, such as smoking 2. Increased admissions based on knowledge deficits due to language barriers 3. Increased awareness of childhood health issues from social media and Internet 4. Shift in the focus of medical care from disease treatment to disease prevention 5. Deficient knowledge that has negatively impacted the adherence to the antibiotic regimen