BIOCHEMISTRY TEST 1 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
biochemistry - CORRECT ANSWER-a discipline in
biochemistry; is the description of molecules in
biology/chemistry of proteins
molecular biology - CORRECT ANSWER-a discipline in
biochemistry; the manipulation of DNA, genetics
cell biology - CORRECT ANSWER-a discipline in biochemistry;
larger scale, functions and mechanisms within a cell/cell
energetics
cellulose - CORRECT ANSWER-a natural polymer; found in
plants for storage
glycogen - CORRECT ANSWER-a natural polymer; found in
animals for storage
protein - CORRECT ANSWER-a natural polymer; tightly linked
bonds
nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWER-a natural polymer; covalent
bonds
C,H,N,O,S - CORRECT ANSWER-chemical elements
commonly found in biochemistry
carbon - CORRECT ANSWER-an element commonly found in
biochemistry, creates strong single or double bonds with very
little rotation
,covalent - CORRECT ANSWER-a chemical bond in biology; a
pair of shared electrons, very strong, bonds between polymers,
>1 bond per atom, flexible and alternate re-arrangement
non-covalent - CORRECT ANSWER-a chemical bond in
biology; weaker bonds, but additive, creates specificity, highly
dynamic/transient bonds, required for molecular recognition
electrostatic, hydrogen, van der waals, hydrophobic -
CORRECT ANSWER-4 types of non-covalent interactions
electrostatic - CORRECT ANSWER-a non-covalent interaction;
such as ionic bonds Na⁺ + Cl⁻ -> NaCl
hydrogen - CORRECT ANSWER-a non-covalent interaction; a
H is shared between two electronegative atoms such as F,O, or
N; the more electronegative atom pulls the electron closer,
creating a dipole
donor acceptor - CORRECT ANSWER-the H bond _____
becomes more tightly linked, the H bond_____becomes less
tightly linked (two answers separated by a space please)
Van Der Waals - CORRECT ANSWER-a non-covalent
interaction; the interaction between molecules with temporary
dipoles from fluctuating electrons, are weak but additive
hydrophobic interaction - CORRECT ANSWER-a non-covalent
interaction; the clustering of these molecules in polar
substances i.e. water interacts with itself and causes other non-
polar residues to cluster
biological solvent - CORRECT ANSWER-roles of water; many
organic and biological materials are able to dissolve in water
, part of reaction - CORRECT ANSWER-roles of water; water is
a common substance in biochemical reactions such as the
cleavage of bonds
regulation - CORRECT ANSWER-roles of water; water is
essential in regulating temperature and pH (the ideal
temperature of water with the highest heat capacity is 37°C)
water - CORRECT ANSWER-a substance found in nearly all
biological reactions and organisms; has a bond angle between
H's of 104.5°, has a dipole, H-bonds with itself, cohesive and
dissolves polar or charged compounds
hydrophilic - CORRECT ANSWER-water as a solvent; types of
bonding in water "loving" compounds are dipole-dipole, H-
bonding, and dipole-ion
hydrophobic aliphatic - CORRECT ANSWER-water as a
solvent; types of bonds formed with water "fearing" compounds
are called______. Non-polar/apolar compounds that usually fall
in this category are long chained molecules composed of C and
H called______molecules (two answers separated by a space
please)
amphiphilic - CORRECT ANSWER-water as a solvent; water
"loving and fearing" compounds that contain both polar and non
polar regions
micelle - CORRECT ANSWER-a conformation formed by
amphiphilic substances in water that usually serve to sequester
different regions in the cell
55.5 - CORRECT ANSWER-the concentration of water (molar)
pH - CORRECT ANSWER-the power of hydrogen (acidity) of a
solution, = -log[H⁺]
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
biochemistry - CORRECT ANSWER-a discipline in
biochemistry; is the description of molecules in
biology/chemistry of proteins
molecular biology - CORRECT ANSWER-a discipline in
biochemistry; the manipulation of DNA, genetics
cell biology - CORRECT ANSWER-a discipline in biochemistry;
larger scale, functions and mechanisms within a cell/cell
energetics
cellulose - CORRECT ANSWER-a natural polymer; found in
plants for storage
glycogen - CORRECT ANSWER-a natural polymer; found in
animals for storage
protein - CORRECT ANSWER-a natural polymer; tightly linked
bonds
nucleotide - CORRECT ANSWER-a natural polymer; covalent
bonds
C,H,N,O,S - CORRECT ANSWER-chemical elements
commonly found in biochemistry
carbon - CORRECT ANSWER-an element commonly found in
biochemistry, creates strong single or double bonds with very
little rotation
,covalent - CORRECT ANSWER-a chemical bond in biology; a
pair of shared electrons, very strong, bonds between polymers,
>1 bond per atom, flexible and alternate re-arrangement
non-covalent - CORRECT ANSWER-a chemical bond in
biology; weaker bonds, but additive, creates specificity, highly
dynamic/transient bonds, required for molecular recognition
electrostatic, hydrogen, van der waals, hydrophobic -
CORRECT ANSWER-4 types of non-covalent interactions
electrostatic - CORRECT ANSWER-a non-covalent interaction;
such as ionic bonds Na⁺ + Cl⁻ -> NaCl
hydrogen - CORRECT ANSWER-a non-covalent interaction; a
H is shared between two electronegative atoms such as F,O, or
N; the more electronegative atom pulls the electron closer,
creating a dipole
donor acceptor - CORRECT ANSWER-the H bond _____
becomes more tightly linked, the H bond_____becomes less
tightly linked (two answers separated by a space please)
Van Der Waals - CORRECT ANSWER-a non-covalent
interaction; the interaction between molecules with temporary
dipoles from fluctuating electrons, are weak but additive
hydrophobic interaction - CORRECT ANSWER-a non-covalent
interaction; the clustering of these molecules in polar
substances i.e. water interacts with itself and causes other non-
polar residues to cluster
biological solvent - CORRECT ANSWER-roles of water; many
organic and biological materials are able to dissolve in water
, part of reaction - CORRECT ANSWER-roles of water; water is
a common substance in biochemical reactions such as the
cleavage of bonds
regulation - CORRECT ANSWER-roles of water; water is
essential in regulating temperature and pH (the ideal
temperature of water with the highest heat capacity is 37°C)
water - CORRECT ANSWER-a substance found in nearly all
biological reactions and organisms; has a bond angle between
H's of 104.5°, has a dipole, H-bonds with itself, cohesive and
dissolves polar or charged compounds
hydrophilic - CORRECT ANSWER-water as a solvent; types of
bonding in water "loving" compounds are dipole-dipole, H-
bonding, and dipole-ion
hydrophobic aliphatic - CORRECT ANSWER-water as a
solvent; types of bonds formed with water "fearing" compounds
are called______. Non-polar/apolar compounds that usually fall
in this category are long chained molecules composed of C and
H called______molecules (two answers separated by a space
please)
amphiphilic - CORRECT ANSWER-water as a solvent; water
"loving and fearing" compounds that contain both polar and non
polar regions
micelle - CORRECT ANSWER-a conformation formed by
amphiphilic substances in water that usually serve to sequester
different regions in the cell
55.5 - CORRECT ANSWER-the concentration of water (molar)
pH - CORRECT ANSWER-the power of hydrogen (acidity) of a
solution, = -log[H⁺]
