2024/2025 1|Page
Saylor Academy Psych101 Questions and
Answers
Eugenics Founder
o :## Galton
Walter Cannon
o :## fight or flight
Solomon Asch
o :## Conducted famous conformity experiment that required subjects to match
lines. They said lines matched just to conform
Genomic imprinting
o :## Phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a parent-of-origin-
specific manner. If the allele inherited from the father is imprinted, it is thereby
silenced, and only the allele from the mother is expressed. If the allele from the
mother is imprinted, then only the allele from the father is expressed.
counterconditioning
,2024/2025 2|Page
o :## A behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that
trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning. Includes exposure
therapies and aversive conditioning.
Antabuse (disulfiram)
o :## a drug that interferes with the metabolization of alcohol, making the drinker
violently ill. Helps alcoholics
Applied Behavior Analysis
o :## ABA - the use of operant conditioning principles to change human behavior.
reward positive behavior, negative response to negative behavior
Systematic desensitization (+ founder)
o :## Wolpe - keep exposing to stimulus
Functionalism (+ founder)
o :## William James. Darwinian explains mental states and behaviors by the ways
they help an organism fit an environment. *Free will*
Structuralism
,2024/2025 3|Page
o :## Theory of consciousness developed by Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Bradford
Titchener. how do parts of brain contribute to consciousness? systematic study of
the anatomy of the brain
Developmental noise
o :## A concept within developmental biology in which phenotype varies between
individuals even though both the genotypes and the environmental factors are the
same for all of them; human fingerprints provide a well-known example; the
fingerprints differ even between genetically identical human twins.
Gene-environment interaction
o :## Genes are not "set in stone; the expression of genes in an organism can be
influenced by the environment, including the external world in which the organism
is located or develops, as well as the organism's internal world, which includes such
factors as its hormones and metabolism.
Pure experiment
o :## only experimental design that can establish cause and effect relationship.
Three criteria must be met in a true experiment: 1) Control group and experimental
group, 2) Researcher-manipulated variable, 3) Random assignment
Negative correlation
, 2024/2025 4|Page
o :## When two variables have an inverse relationship; as one variable increases, the
other decreases.
Psychoanalysis
o :## includes dream interpretation and free association.
Cognitivism
o :## Study focusing on mental processes, including how people perceive, think,
remember, learn, solve problems, and direct their attention to one stimulus rather
than another. Psychologists working from a cognitivist perspective, then, seek to
understand cognition.
Q: What famous psychologist decided nearly 100 years ago that psychology should be
defined as the scientific study of behavior?
o :## Watson
Schizophrenia deficits and treatment
o :## Affects 1% of the population. psych meds. Decrease in episodic memory,
working memory, behavior regulation, processing speed, social cognition
Q: The best way to explain the complex gene-environment interaction is with the concept
of...
Saylor Academy Psych101 Questions and
Answers
Eugenics Founder
o :## Galton
Walter Cannon
o :## fight or flight
Solomon Asch
o :## Conducted famous conformity experiment that required subjects to match
lines. They said lines matched just to conform
Genomic imprinting
o :## Phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a parent-of-origin-
specific manner. If the allele inherited from the father is imprinted, it is thereby
silenced, and only the allele from the mother is expressed. If the allele from the
mother is imprinted, then only the allele from the father is expressed.
counterconditioning
,2024/2025 2|Page
o :## A behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that
trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning. Includes exposure
therapies and aversive conditioning.
Antabuse (disulfiram)
o :## a drug that interferes with the metabolization of alcohol, making the drinker
violently ill. Helps alcoholics
Applied Behavior Analysis
o :## ABA - the use of operant conditioning principles to change human behavior.
reward positive behavior, negative response to negative behavior
Systematic desensitization (+ founder)
o :## Wolpe - keep exposing to stimulus
Functionalism (+ founder)
o :## William James. Darwinian explains mental states and behaviors by the ways
they help an organism fit an environment. *Free will*
Structuralism
,2024/2025 3|Page
o :## Theory of consciousness developed by Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Bradford
Titchener. how do parts of brain contribute to consciousness? systematic study of
the anatomy of the brain
Developmental noise
o :## A concept within developmental biology in which phenotype varies between
individuals even though both the genotypes and the environmental factors are the
same for all of them; human fingerprints provide a well-known example; the
fingerprints differ even between genetically identical human twins.
Gene-environment interaction
o :## Genes are not "set in stone; the expression of genes in an organism can be
influenced by the environment, including the external world in which the organism
is located or develops, as well as the organism's internal world, which includes such
factors as its hormones and metabolism.
Pure experiment
o :## only experimental design that can establish cause and effect relationship.
Three criteria must be met in a true experiment: 1) Control group and experimental
group, 2) Researcher-manipulated variable, 3) Random assignment
Negative correlation
, 2024/2025 4|Page
o :## When two variables have an inverse relationship; as one variable increases, the
other decreases.
Psychoanalysis
o :## includes dream interpretation and free association.
Cognitivism
o :## Study focusing on mental processes, including how people perceive, think,
remember, learn, solve problems, and direct their attention to one stimulus rather
than another. Psychologists working from a cognitivist perspective, then, seek to
understand cognition.
Q: What famous psychologist decided nearly 100 years ago that psychology should be
defined as the scientific study of behavior?
o :## Watson
Schizophrenia deficits and treatment
o :## Affects 1% of the population. psych meds. Decrease in episodic memory,
working memory, behavior regulation, processing speed, social cognition
Q: The best way to explain the complex gene-environment interaction is with the concept
of...
