MED SURG HESI - NUR 311 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
The nurse is planning care for a client with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus that
requires insulin. Which assessment should the nurse identify before beginning the
teaching session?
Present knowledge related to the skill of injection.
Intelligence and developmental level of the client.
Willingness of the client to learn the injection sites.Financial resources available for the
equipment. ✅Willingness of the client to learn the injection sites
When providing discharge teaching for a client with osteoporosis, the nurse should
reinforce which home care activity?
A diet low in phosphates.
Skin inspection for bruising.
Exercise regimen, including swimming.
Elimination of hazards to home safety ✅Elimination of hazards to home safety.!!!
Which postmenopausal client's complaint should the nurse refer to the healthcare
provider?
Breasts feel lumpy when palpated.
History of white nipple discharge.
Episodes of vaginal bleeding .Excessive diaphoresis occurs at night. ✅Episodes of
vaginal bleeding.!!!!
A client with a completed ischemic stroke has a blood pressure of 180/90 mm Hg.
Which action should the nurse implement?
Position the head of the bed (HOB) flat.
Withhold intravenous fluids.
Administer a bolus of IV fluids.
Give an antihypertensive medication. ✅Give an antihypertensive medication.!!!!
A client who is HIV positive asks the nurse, "How will I know when I have AIDS?" Which
response is best for the nurse to provide?
"Diagnosis of AIDS is made when you have 2 positive ELISA test results."
"Diagnosis is made when both the ELISA and the Western Blot tests are positive."
,"I can tell that you are afraid of being diagnosed with AIDS. Would you like for me to call
your minister?"
"AIDS is diagnosed when a specific opportunistic infection is found in an otherwise
healthy individual ✅"AIDS is diagnosed when a specific opportunistic infection is found
in an otherwise healthy individual.!!!
Despite several eye surgeries, a 78-year-old client who lives alone has persistent vision
problems. The visiting nurse is discussing home safety hazards with the client. The
nurse suggests that the edges of the steps be painted which color?
Black.
White.
Light green.
Medium yellow. ✅.
Medium yellow.!!!
The nurse would be correct in withholding a dose of digoxin in a client with congestive
heart failure without specific instruction from the healthcare provider if the client's
serum digoxin level is 1.5.
blood pressure is 104/68.
serum potassium level is 3.
apical pulse is 68/min. ✅serum potassium level is 3.!!!
When teaching diaphragmatic breathing to a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD), which information should the nurse provide?
Place a small book or magazine on the abdomen and make it rise while inhaling deeply.
Purse the lips while inhaling as deeply as possible and then exhale through the nose.
Wrap a towel around the abdomen and push against the towel while forcefully exhaling.
Place one hand on the chest, one hand the abdomen and make both hands move
outward. ✅Place a small book or magazine on the abdomen and make it rise while
inhaling deeply.!!!!
A male client receives a local anesthetic during surgery. During the post-operative
assessment, the nurse notices the client is slurring his speech. Which action should the
nurse take?
Determine the client is anxious and allow him to sleep.
Evaluate his blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory status.
Review the client's pre-operative history for alcohol abuse.
Continue to monitor the client for reactivity to anesthesia.
Submit ✅Evaluate his blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory status.!!!
, A splint is prescribed for nighttime use by a client with rheumatoid arthritis. Which
statement by the nurse provides the most accurate explanation for use of the splints?
Prevention of deformities
Avoidance of joint trauma.
Relief of joint inflammation.
Improvement in joint strength.
Submit ✅Prevention of deformities.!!!
The nurse is planning to initiate a socialization group for older residents of a long-term
facility. Which information would be most useful to the nurse when planning activities for
the group?
he length of time each group member has resided at the nursing home.
A brief description of each resident's family life.
The age of each group member.
The usual activity patterns of each member of the group. ✅The usual activity patterns
of each member of the group.
During a health fair, a 72-year-old male client tells the nurse that he is experiencing
shortness of breath. Auscultation reveals crackles and wheezing in both lungs.
Suspecting that the client might have chronic bronchitis, which classic symptom would
the nurse expect this client to have?
Racing pulse with exertion.
Clubbing of the fingers.
An increased chest diameter.
Productive cough with grayish-white sputum. ✅Productive cough with grayish-white
sputum.
A client with multiple sclerosis has experienced an exacerbation of symptoms, including
paresthesias, diplopia, and nystagmus. Which instruction should the nurse provide?
Stay out of direct sunlight.
Restrict intake of high protein foods.
Schedule extra rest periods.
Go to the emergency room immediately.
Submit ✅Schedule extra rest periods.
The nurse formulates the nursing diagnosis of, "Urinary retention related to
sensorimotor deficit" for a client with multiple sclerosis. Which nursing intervention
should the nurse implement?
Teach the client techniques of intermittent self-catheterization.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
The nurse is planning care for a client with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus that
requires insulin. Which assessment should the nurse identify before beginning the
teaching session?
Present knowledge related to the skill of injection.
Intelligence and developmental level of the client.
Willingness of the client to learn the injection sites.Financial resources available for the
equipment. ✅Willingness of the client to learn the injection sites
When providing discharge teaching for a client with osteoporosis, the nurse should
reinforce which home care activity?
A diet low in phosphates.
Skin inspection for bruising.
Exercise regimen, including swimming.
Elimination of hazards to home safety ✅Elimination of hazards to home safety.!!!
Which postmenopausal client's complaint should the nurse refer to the healthcare
provider?
Breasts feel lumpy when palpated.
History of white nipple discharge.
Episodes of vaginal bleeding .Excessive diaphoresis occurs at night. ✅Episodes of
vaginal bleeding.!!!!
A client with a completed ischemic stroke has a blood pressure of 180/90 mm Hg.
Which action should the nurse implement?
Position the head of the bed (HOB) flat.
Withhold intravenous fluids.
Administer a bolus of IV fluids.
Give an antihypertensive medication. ✅Give an antihypertensive medication.!!!!
A client who is HIV positive asks the nurse, "How will I know when I have AIDS?" Which
response is best for the nurse to provide?
"Diagnosis of AIDS is made when you have 2 positive ELISA test results."
"Diagnosis is made when both the ELISA and the Western Blot tests are positive."
,"I can tell that you are afraid of being diagnosed with AIDS. Would you like for me to call
your minister?"
"AIDS is diagnosed when a specific opportunistic infection is found in an otherwise
healthy individual ✅"AIDS is diagnosed when a specific opportunistic infection is found
in an otherwise healthy individual.!!!
Despite several eye surgeries, a 78-year-old client who lives alone has persistent vision
problems. The visiting nurse is discussing home safety hazards with the client. The
nurse suggests that the edges of the steps be painted which color?
Black.
White.
Light green.
Medium yellow. ✅.
Medium yellow.!!!
The nurse would be correct in withholding a dose of digoxin in a client with congestive
heart failure without specific instruction from the healthcare provider if the client's
serum digoxin level is 1.5.
blood pressure is 104/68.
serum potassium level is 3.
apical pulse is 68/min. ✅serum potassium level is 3.!!!
When teaching diaphragmatic breathing to a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD), which information should the nurse provide?
Place a small book or magazine on the abdomen and make it rise while inhaling deeply.
Purse the lips while inhaling as deeply as possible and then exhale through the nose.
Wrap a towel around the abdomen and push against the towel while forcefully exhaling.
Place one hand on the chest, one hand the abdomen and make both hands move
outward. ✅Place a small book or magazine on the abdomen and make it rise while
inhaling deeply.!!!!
A male client receives a local anesthetic during surgery. During the post-operative
assessment, the nurse notices the client is slurring his speech. Which action should the
nurse take?
Determine the client is anxious and allow him to sleep.
Evaluate his blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory status.
Review the client's pre-operative history for alcohol abuse.
Continue to monitor the client for reactivity to anesthesia.
Submit ✅Evaluate his blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory status.!!!
, A splint is prescribed for nighttime use by a client with rheumatoid arthritis. Which
statement by the nurse provides the most accurate explanation for use of the splints?
Prevention of deformities
Avoidance of joint trauma.
Relief of joint inflammation.
Improvement in joint strength.
Submit ✅Prevention of deformities.!!!
The nurse is planning to initiate a socialization group for older residents of a long-term
facility. Which information would be most useful to the nurse when planning activities for
the group?
he length of time each group member has resided at the nursing home.
A brief description of each resident's family life.
The age of each group member.
The usual activity patterns of each member of the group. ✅The usual activity patterns
of each member of the group.
During a health fair, a 72-year-old male client tells the nurse that he is experiencing
shortness of breath. Auscultation reveals crackles and wheezing in both lungs.
Suspecting that the client might have chronic bronchitis, which classic symptom would
the nurse expect this client to have?
Racing pulse with exertion.
Clubbing of the fingers.
An increased chest diameter.
Productive cough with grayish-white sputum. ✅Productive cough with grayish-white
sputum.
A client with multiple sclerosis has experienced an exacerbation of symptoms, including
paresthesias, diplopia, and nystagmus. Which instruction should the nurse provide?
Stay out of direct sunlight.
Restrict intake of high protein foods.
Schedule extra rest periods.
Go to the emergency room immediately.
Submit ✅Schedule extra rest periods.
The nurse formulates the nursing diagnosis of, "Urinary retention related to
sensorimotor deficit" for a client with multiple sclerosis. Which nursing intervention
should the nurse implement?
Teach the client techniques of intermittent self-catheterization.
