Brain and Behavior Exam 1
when was the first human brain developed? correct answers around 3-4 million years
ago, the first neurons, unorganized, were discovered in jellyfish and anemone
what variables affect brain development? correct answers genetics, environment,
drugs, motivational factors
What sections are in the hindbrain? correct answers cerebellum
what sections are in the midbrain? correct answers substantia nigra, superior/inferior
colliculus, pons, medulla
what sections are in the forebrain? correct answers thalamus, hypothalamus,
precentral/postcentral gyrus, hippocampus
What do microglia do? correct answers they act like phagocytes and engulf cellular
debris, waste products & pathogens
What do astrocytes do? correct answers they form the blood brain barrier (BBB)
how are brains dissected? correct answers they are perfused with paraformaldehyde
and immersed in the same liquid and dissected into the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and
the rest of the brain
how is tissue homogenized? correct answers the cell membranes are broken down and
the nuclei are separated and distributed
what is the social brain hypothesis? correct answers The hypothesis that the human
brain has evolved and gotten larger, so that humans can maintain larger in groups.
how do ions move across the membrane? correct answers passive forces like diffusion
and electrostatic pressure
active forces like sodium-potassium pumps
what is equilibrium potential? correct answers the membrane potential in which the
electrical driving force is equal and opposite to the chemical driving force, making the
electrochemical driving force zero
Why does an action potential only travel in one direction? correct answers sodium
channels have a refractory period
when was the first human brain developed? correct answers around 3-4 million years
ago, the first neurons, unorganized, were discovered in jellyfish and anemone
what variables affect brain development? correct answers genetics, environment,
drugs, motivational factors
What sections are in the hindbrain? correct answers cerebellum
what sections are in the midbrain? correct answers substantia nigra, superior/inferior
colliculus, pons, medulla
what sections are in the forebrain? correct answers thalamus, hypothalamus,
precentral/postcentral gyrus, hippocampus
What do microglia do? correct answers they act like phagocytes and engulf cellular
debris, waste products & pathogens
What do astrocytes do? correct answers they form the blood brain barrier (BBB)
how are brains dissected? correct answers they are perfused with paraformaldehyde
and immersed in the same liquid and dissected into the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and
the rest of the brain
how is tissue homogenized? correct answers the cell membranes are broken down and
the nuclei are separated and distributed
what is the social brain hypothesis? correct answers The hypothesis that the human
brain has evolved and gotten larger, so that humans can maintain larger in groups.
how do ions move across the membrane? correct answers passive forces like diffusion
and electrostatic pressure
active forces like sodium-potassium pumps
what is equilibrium potential? correct answers the membrane potential in which the
electrical driving force is equal and opposite to the chemical driving force, making the
electrochemical driving force zero
Why does an action potential only travel in one direction? correct answers sodium
channels have a refractory period
