WGU NUTRITION- MACRONUTRIENT
DIGESTION EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS
What does salivary amylase do? - Answer-Hydrolysis of starch into maltose and dextrin
What is a protein required for the protection and subsequent absorption of vitamin B12?
- Answer-Gastric intrinsic factor
What proenzyme is released by chief cells? - Answer-Pepsinogen
What intestinal substance hydrolyzes glyosidic linkages to form monosaccharides? -
Answer-Disaccharidases
What changes I active trypsinogen to trypsin? - Answer-Enterokinase
What controls bicarbonate ion release and secretion of enzymes from the pancreas? -
Answer-Secretin
What triggers the release of bile from the gallbladder? - Answer-Cholecystokinin
In addition to vitamins A, D, E, and K, what are the fat soluble substances? - Answer-
Cholesterol, dietary fat (triglycerides, fatty acids, etc)
Which substances are transported through the lymphatic system? - Answer-Fatty acids,
cholesterol, chylomicrons
Where are the lacteals found? - Answer-In the villi of the small intestine
Which statements correctly describe facilitated diffusion? - Answer-It is a passive
transport method, It requires the aid of a protein in the membrane, It involves movement
from a higher nutrient concentration to a lower concentration.
What statements describe water absorption in the body? - Answer-Closely associated
with absorption of sodium, small intestine responsible absorbs most, most water
remaining in chyme is absorbed in the first half of colon
Which statement describes the absorption of fat into the lymphatic system? - Answer-
Chylomicrons leave the basement membrane of the enterocyte and enter the lacteals.
Chylomicrons exit the basement membrane and then enter the lacteals for transport via
the lymphatic system.
Order the steps that are required for the absorption and transport of dietary fat. -
Answer-Consumed fats are emulsified by bile in the small intestine to form micelles.
, Micelles enter the enterocytes and the triglycerides are reassembled to form
chylomicrons, which leave the enterocyte and enter the lacteals. The lacteals deliver the
fats to the lymphatic circulation. Fats enter the venous system through the thoracic duct
to be delivered to the liver and other tissues.
Describe transport of fat soluble nutrients - Answer-Lipids are absorbed through lacteals
in the villi walls and released directly into the lymphatic system
What hormone is released to increase the catabolism of glycogen? - Answer-Glucagon
What is glycogenolysis? - Answer-Release of glucose from glycogen
What is glycolysis? - Answer-Catabolism of glucose to release ATP
What are the end products of the electron transport chain? - Answer-ATP and water
Describe anabolic processes - Answer-Acetyl-coA is used to make fats, amino acids
become polypeptides, formation of glycogen from glucose molecules
Describe glycogenesis - Answer-An anabolic pathway that is stimulated by insulin.
Promotes glucose conversion into glycogen for storage in the liver and muscle cells.
The process by which a polysaccharide is built from a monosaccharide. Glycogen is a
polysaccharide. Glucose is a monosaccharide.
What differentiates gluconeogenesis from glycogenesis? - Answer-Gluconeogenesis
uses noncarbohydrate sources where glycogenesis uses glucose molecules
What is gluconeogenesis? - Answer-Process of building new glucose molecules from
noncarbohydrate sources
What are the other names of the Krebs cycle? - Answer-TCA cycle, citric acid cycle
Where does the citric acid cycle take place? - Answer-It takes place in the mitochondria
What does tCA cycle make? - Answer-Carbon dioxide and ATP
What happens to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in TCA cycle? - Answer-NAD is
converted to reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH to be used in the
electron transport chain to generate more energy for the cell
How is catabolism involved in producing ATP? - Answer-It breaks down complex
molecules to be used in TCA cycle and electron transport chain. The final product is the
generation of energy primarily in the form of ATP
DIGESTION EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS
What does salivary amylase do? - Answer-Hydrolysis of starch into maltose and dextrin
What is a protein required for the protection and subsequent absorption of vitamin B12?
- Answer-Gastric intrinsic factor
What proenzyme is released by chief cells? - Answer-Pepsinogen
What intestinal substance hydrolyzes glyosidic linkages to form monosaccharides? -
Answer-Disaccharidases
What changes I active trypsinogen to trypsin? - Answer-Enterokinase
What controls bicarbonate ion release and secretion of enzymes from the pancreas? -
Answer-Secretin
What triggers the release of bile from the gallbladder? - Answer-Cholecystokinin
In addition to vitamins A, D, E, and K, what are the fat soluble substances? - Answer-
Cholesterol, dietary fat (triglycerides, fatty acids, etc)
Which substances are transported through the lymphatic system? - Answer-Fatty acids,
cholesterol, chylomicrons
Where are the lacteals found? - Answer-In the villi of the small intestine
Which statements correctly describe facilitated diffusion? - Answer-It is a passive
transport method, It requires the aid of a protein in the membrane, It involves movement
from a higher nutrient concentration to a lower concentration.
What statements describe water absorption in the body? - Answer-Closely associated
with absorption of sodium, small intestine responsible absorbs most, most water
remaining in chyme is absorbed in the first half of colon
Which statement describes the absorption of fat into the lymphatic system? - Answer-
Chylomicrons leave the basement membrane of the enterocyte and enter the lacteals.
Chylomicrons exit the basement membrane and then enter the lacteals for transport via
the lymphatic system.
Order the steps that are required for the absorption and transport of dietary fat. -
Answer-Consumed fats are emulsified by bile in the small intestine to form micelles.
, Micelles enter the enterocytes and the triglycerides are reassembled to form
chylomicrons, which leave the enterocyte and enter the lacteals. The lacteals deliver the
fats to the lymphatic circulation. Fats enter the venous system through the thoracic duct
to be delivered to the liver and other tissues.
Describe transport of fat soluble nutrients - Answer-Lipids are absorbed through lacteals
in the villi walls and released directly into the lymphatic system
What hormone is released to increase the catabolism of glycogen? - Answer-Glucagon
What is glycogenolysis? - Answer-Release of glucose from glycogen
What is glycolysis? - Answer-Catabolism of glucose to release ATP
What are the end products of the electron transport chain? - Answer-ATP and water
Describe anabolic processes - Answer-Acetyl-coA is used to make fats, amino acids
become polypeptides, formation of glycogen from glucose molecules
Describe glycogenesis - Answer-An anabolic pathway that is stimulated by insulin.
Promotes glucose conversion into glycogen for storage in the liver and muscle cells.
The process by which a polysaccharide is built from a monosaccharide. Glycogen is a
polysaccharide. Glucose is a monosaccharide.
What differentiates gluconeogenesis from glycogenesis? - Answer-Gluconeogenesis
uses noncarbohydrate sources where glycogenesis uses glucose molecules
What is gluconeogenesis? - Answer-Process of building new glucose molecules from
noncarbohydrate sources
What are the other names of the Krebs cycle? - Answer-TCA cycle, citric acid cycle
Where does the citric acid cycle take place? - Answer-It takes place in the mitochondria
What does tCA cycle make? - Answer-Carbon dioxide and ATP
What happens to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in TCA cycle? - Answer-NAD is
converted to reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADH to be used in the
electron transport chain to generate more energy for the cell
How is catabolism involved in producing ATP? - Answer-It breaks down complex
molecules to be used in TCA cycle and electron transport chain. The final product is the
generation of energy primarily in the form of ATP
