Meiosis and Mitosis Exam Questions
with Correct Answers
Why are there checkpoints in the cell cycle? - Answer-To make sure that the cell going
through mitosis is ready
What are the possible outcomes when an error is detected at a checkpoint? - Answer-
Termination or Repair
define germ cell - Answer-Sex cell. Found in meiosis
What is apoptosis? - Answer-Programmed cell death
When does apoptosis occur? - Answer-development or at a checkpoint
What types of cells undergo mitosis? - Answer-somatic cells
What is the function of mitosis in unicellular organisms? - Answer-allows it to reproduce
and create more identical organisms
What is the function of mitosis in multicellular organisms? - Answer-replace cells that
have died
What are the stages of mitosis and what occurs in each? - Answer-interphase: cell
obtains nutrients, and duplicates its chromosomes. Where the cell spends most of its
time
prophase: 1st stage. DNA condenses into chromosomes
metaphase: chromosomes align
anaphase: chromosomes move to opposite ends of nuclear spindle
telophase:final stage. chromosomes of daughter cells are grouped in new nuclei
What is the difference between a chromatid and a chromosome? - Answer-
Chromosomes have two sister chromatids
Chromatids are found at the end of mitosis
What is cytokinesis? - Answer-Division of the cytoplasm
, How does cytokinesis differ in plant vs. animal cells? - Answer-Plant: cell plate to
separate
Animal: Cleavage furrow to separate
What types of cells undergo meiosis? - Answer-
What is the function of meiosis? - Answer-sexual reproduction. double cell division
Be able to explain what happens in each stage of meiosis I and meiosis II? - Answer-
Meiosis I: cells divide once
Meiosis II: cells divide again
Which set of divisions is most similar to mitosis? - Answer-Meiosis II
Explain how genetic diversity is introduced during:
Prophase I
MetapaseI - Answer-Prophase I: crossing over
Metaphase I: independent assortment
What is the third way in which genetic diversity is introduced in a sexually reproducing
organism? - Answer-fertilization
What is gametogenesis? - Answer-Formation of gametes after meiosis
Sexually reproducing organisms produce _____a___ gametes, when ___b____ cells
undergo meiosis - Answer-a) haploid, b) germ
Fusion of gametes produce a ______ zygote that carries genetic information from
________ - Answer-a) diploid zygote, b) two parents
diploid cells called _____ cells do not undergo meiosis and make up most of the body's
diploid cells - Answer-Somatic
Daughter cells produced in meiosis have - Answer-half the number of chromosomes as
the parent cell
First phase after interphase - Answer-prophase
last phase before interphase - Answer-cytokinesis
the number of cells produced in meiosis is - Answer-twice the number of cells produced
in mitosis
meiosis results in - Answer-4 haploid daughter cells
What cell undergoes meiosis - Answer-sperm cells
with Correct Answers
Why are there checkpoints in the cell cycle? - Answer-To make sure that the cell going
through mitosis is ready
What are the possible outcomes when an error is detected at a checkpoint? - Answer-
Termination or Repair
define germ cell - Answer-Sex cell. Found in meiosis
What is apoptosis? - Answer-Programmed cell death
When does apoptosis occur? - Answer-development or at a checkpoint
What types of cells undergo mitosis? - Answer-somatic cells
What is the function of mitosis in unicellular organisms? - Answer-allows it to reproduce
and create more identical organisms
What is the function of mitosis in multicellular organisms? - Answer-replace cells that
have died
What are the stages of mitosis and what occurs in each? - Answer-interphase: cell
obtains nutrients, and duplicates its chromosomes. Where the cell spends most of its
time
prophase: 1st stage. DNA condenses into chromosomes
metaphase: chromosomes align
anaphase: chromosomes move to opposite ends of nuclear spindle
telophase:final stage. chromosomes of daughter cells are grouped in new nuclei
What is the difference between a chromatid and a chromosome? - Answer-
Chromosomes have two sister chromatids
Chromatids are found at the end of mitosis
What is cytokinesis? - Answer-Division of the cytoplasm
, How does cytokinesis differ in plant vs. animal cells? - Answer-Plant: cell plate to
separate
Animal: Cleavage furrow to separate
What types of cells undergo meiosis? - Answer-
What is the function of meiosis? - Answer-sexual reproduction. double cell division
Be able to explain what happens in each stage of meiosis I and meiosis II? - Answer-
Meiosis I: cells divide once
Meiosis II: cells divide again
Which set of divisions is most similar to mitosis? - Answer-Meiosis II
Explain how genetic diversity is introduced during:
Prophase I
MetapaseI - Answer-Prophase I: crossing over
Metaphase I: independent assortment
What is the third way in which genetic diversity is introduced in a sexually reproducing
organism? - Answer-fertilization
What is gametogenesis? - Answer-Formation of gametes after meiosis
Sexually reproducing organisms produce _____a___ gametes, when ___b____ cells
undergo meiosis - Answer-a) haploid, b) germ
Fusion of gametes produce a ______ zygote that carries genetic information from
________ - Answer-a) diploid zygote, b) two parents
diploid cells called _____ cells do not undergo meiosis and make up most of the body's
diploid cells - Answer-Somatic
Daughter cells produced in meiosis have - Answer-half the number of chromosomes as
the parent cell
First phase after interphase - Answer-prophase
last phase before interphase - Answer-cytokinesis
the number of cells produced in meiosis is - Answer-twice the number of cells produced
in mitosis
meiosis results in - Answer-4 haploid daughter cells
What cell undergoes meiosis - Answer-sperm cells
