Pathophysiology Unit 1 Chapter 1-7 Questions with
Correct Answers 2024/2025
Failure to compensate to changes results in? - Correct Answer disease, death
Define Pathophysiology? - Correct Answer study of the structural and function changes in cells,
tissues and organs of the body that cause or caused by disease./failure to compensate
Define homeostasis? - Correct Answer external change in environment results in a internal change by
extracellular fluid and intercellular fluid and attempts to compensate. if successful homeostasis is
maintained.
Define Physiology? - Correct Answer study of homeostatic compensation
Define Disease? - Correct Answer is an interruption cessation, or disorder in the function of cells,
tissues, organ or organ system
Disease is characterized by what? - Correct Answer recognized etiologic agents that CAUSE the
disease, and identifiable group of signs and symptoms, constant anatomic alterations
What are some etiologic agents that cause disease? - Correct Answer Biologic agents(bacteria, virus,
or parasitic worm or insect)
Physical forces(burns, crush, radiation)
Chemical agents(poison, toxin)
Molecular(not always, but often genetic:cystic fibrosis)
Multifactoral(mulitple etiologic agents involved;MOST DISEASES)
Idiopathic(when the etiologic agent is unknown)
what are some SIGNS of etiologic agents? - Correct Answer observable or measurable change;(ex
increased heart rate,fever, weight gain)
What are some SYMPTOMS of etiologic agents? - Correct Answer unobservable effects of a disease
REPORTED BY PATIENT(ex: pain, difficulty breathing, dizziness)
, What are some SYNDROME characteristics of etiologic agents? - Correct Answer characteristics
combo of signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease.
What is another way to categorize etiology? - Correct Answer based on timing:
Congenital and Acquired
Define Congenital timing of etiologic agents? - Correct Answer disease condition is PRESENT AT
BIRTH, although may not become evident until much later(ex: Molecular-down syndrome, cystic
fibrosis, sickle cell anemia)
may be due to mother being exposed during preg(infected mother with german measles causes baby
to have deafness, cataracts and heart disease)
Define Acquired timing of etiologic agents? - Correct Answer disease is caused by events AFTER
BIRTH. (ex: result of genetic predisposition combined with exposure to a different etiologic agent-
asthma(genetic and exposure to certain mites)
Define pathogenesis? - Correct Answer the sequence of cellular or tissue events that take place in
time from the initial contact with the etiologic agent until the ultimate expressions of a disease or
the development of the disease. IT IS THE PATTERN OF PROGRESSION. EX: Atherosclerosis(coronary
artery disease)
Define morphology? - Correct Answer refers to fundamental structure(how something looks) of cells
tissues or organs.
Define Morphologic changes? - Correct Answer are gross anatomic or microscopic changes
characteristic of a particular disease. ex: LESIONS
Where are distributions of lesions within the body? - Correct Answer Local-confined to one area of
the body
Systemic-widely distributed through out the body.
Where are the distributions of lesions within a tissue or an organ may be? - Correct Answer Focal-
distinct sites of damage
Diffuse-damage is more widely distributed(fatty deposits)
Correct Answers 2024/2025
Failure to compensate to changes results in? - Correct Answer disease, death
Define Pathophysiology? - Correct Answer study of the structural and function changes in cells,
tissues and organs of the body that cause or caused by disease./failure to compensate
Define homeostasis? - Correct Answer external change in environment results in a internal change by
extracellular fluid and intercellular fluid and attempts to compensate. if successful homeostasis is
maintained.
Define Physiology? - Correct Answer study of homeostatic compensation
Define Disease? - Correct Answer is an interruption cessation, or disorder in the function of cells,
tissues, organ or organ system
Disease is characterized by what? - Correct Answer recognized etiologic agents that CAUSE the
disease, and identifiable group of signs and symptoms, constant anatomic alterations
What are some etiologic agents that cause disease? - Correct Answer Biologic agents(bacteria, virus,
or parasitic worm or insect)
Physical forces(burns, crush, radiation)
Chemical agents(poison, toxin)
Molecular(not always, but often genetic:cystic fibrosis)
Multifactoral(mulitple etiologic agents involved;MOST DISEASES)
Idiopathic(when the etiologic agent is unknown)
what are some SIGNS of etiologic agents? - Correct Answer observable or measurable change;(ex
increased heart rate,fever, weight gain)
What are some SYMPTOMS of etiologic agents? - Correct Answer unobservable effects of a disease
REPORTED BY PATIENT(ex: pain, difficulty breathing, dizziness)
, What are some SYNDROME characteristics of etiologic agents? - Correct Answer characteristics
combo of signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease.
What is another way to categorize etiology? - Correct Answer based on timing:
Congenital and Acquired
Define Congenital timing of etiologic agents? - Correct Answer disease condition is PRESENT AT
BIRTH, although may not become evident until much later(ex: Molecular-down syndrome, cystic
fibrosis, sickle cell anemia)
may be due to mother being exposed during preg(infected mother with german measles causes baby
to have deafness, cataracts and heart disease)
Define Acquired timing of etiologic agents? - Correct Answer disease is caused by events AFTER
BIRTH. (ex: result of genetic predisposition combined with exposure to a different etiologic agent-
asthma(genetic and exposure to certain mites)
Define pathogenesis? - Correct Answer the sequence of cellular or tissue events that take place in
time from the initial contact with the etiologic agent until the ultimate expressions of a disease or
the development of the disease. IT IS THE PATTERN OF PROGRESSION. EX: Atherosclerosis(coronary
artery disease)
Define morphology? - Correct Answer refers to fundamental structure(how something looks) of cells
tissues or organs.
Define Morphologic changes? - Correct Answer are gross anatomic or microscopic changes
characteristic of a particular disease. ex: LESIONS
Where are distributions of lesions within the body? - Correct Answer Local-confined to one area of
the body
Systemic-widely distributed through out the body.
Where are the distributions of lesions within a tissue or an organ may be? - Correct Answer Focal-
distinct sites of damage
Diffuse-damage is more widely distributed(fatty deposits)
