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TrueGreen Pesticide Certification Exam
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1. Bulb - ANS ✓An underground plant stem (such as an onion or tulip) that is
surrounded by fleshy leaves that are modified to store nutrients.
2. Calibration - ANS ✓the process of adjusting pesticide application
equipment to apply a specific amount of pesticide at a specific rate over a
specific area.
3. Cambium - ANS ✓The layer of the tree immediately below the bark that
contains embryonic tissue. It is the actively growing part of the tree.
4. Cankers - ANS ✓Irregular areas of damaged, diseased or dead tissue on
the trunk and stems of woody plants. These may be various colours and
may be moist or dry.
5. Chemosterilants - ANS ✓A chemical compound that causes reproductive
sterility in an organism.
6. Chlorosis - ANS ✓A condition in which leaves are not producing
chlorophyll and are yellowed, often caused by a nutrient deficiency.
7. Chlorotic - ANS ✓When the leaves of a plant exhibit yellowing.
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8. Cold temerature hardiness - ANS ✓The ability of a plant to withstand the
extremes of temperature during the winter for a particular area of the
country. The U.S. Department of Agriculture has developed zone maps to
indicate parts of the country that are subject to roughly the same extremes
of cold temperatures. Plants are rated as to the hardiness zones in which
they are able to survive.
9. Commercial applicator - ANS ✓A person who has been certified by the
State of Michigan to apply pesticides for hire. In Michigan, any individual
who is applying pesticides for hire on property they do not own and where
they are not being supervised by the property owner of the owner's
representative (such as on a farm or nursery) must be certified as a
commercial applicator.
10. Complete metamorphosis - ANS ✓The type of development
exhibited by more evolutionarily advanced insects in which the larva is
very different from the adult. It goes through a change via the pupa stage
before emerging as an adult.
11. Conidia - ANS ✓An asexually produced single-celled reproductive
or resting body produced by a fungus.
12. Conk - ANS ✓A shelf-like structure of wood-decaying fungi that
contains fungal fruiting bodies.
13. Contact fungicide - ANS ✓Fungicides that stay on the surface of the
plant parts and do not move through the tissues of the plant. They must
contact the fungus on the plant or prevent it from entering the plant by
forming a barrier to work.
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14. Cornicles - ANS ✓The pair of "tailpipes" on the top and to the rear
of the abdomen that are unique to aphids. Cornicles produce alarm
chemicals to warn other aphids of approaching danger.
15. Cotyledon - ANS ✓A significant part of the embryo of a plant seed.
Cotyledons may become the first "leaves" of a plant and may be
photosynthetic, although they are not true leaves. Monocots such as
grasses have a single cotyledon and dicots such as broadleaved plants have
two cotyledons.
16. Creeping perennials - ANS ✓Plants that reproduce by way of
underground plant parts such as rhizomes, stolons, tubers (swollen
underground stems", bulbs and creeping roots.
17. Cultivar - ANS ✓Plants of the same species that are bred emphasize
different characteristics. Also called PLANT VARIETIES.
18. Cultural control - ANS ✓The practice of modifying a plant's
growing environment to reduce unwanted pests (for example, by changing
fertility levels, irrigation practices, sunlight exposure, mowing height or
temperature).
19. Curatives - ANS ✓A type of pesticide that will remove a pest after it
has begun to attack a plant. this is different from preventive pesticides,
which must be applies before the pest arrives in order to work.
20. Cuticle - ANS ✓The outermost layer of cells of an insect's
exoskeleton and the waxy layer covering it.
21. Defoliation - ANS ✓The premature loss of leaves of a plant. This
can be from some of the leaves completely dropping of or from parts of
leaves being eaten by insects. On woody deciduous plants, the leaves
generally will reappear with the next growing season.
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22. Degree days - ANS ✓Name for one method of measuring the
occurrence of temperatures above a growth threshold. Accumulated
degree days are a good way to determine when certain events will occur,
such as a certain insect hatching or certain plants flowering.
23. Depredation permit - ANS ✓A permit to kill species of birds or
vertebrates that are causing damage to plants or property.
24. Developmental stages - ANS ✓The distinct phases of growth for a
plant (seedling, vegetative, seed production, maturity) or insect (egg, larva,
pupa and adult).
25. dieback - ANS ✓Overall crown decline characterized by branch and
leaf death of a tree or shrub that is caused by disease or insect feeding.
26. Diluent - ANS ✓Something used to dilute a concentrate. Reinstate
9the water or other liquid used to rinse pesticide containers) can be used
as a diluent (diluting agent) when a fresh solution of the same type of
pesticide is mixed.
27. Disease - ANS ✓A pathological condition affecting a part, organ or
system of an organism that results from various causes (such as infection,
genetic defect or environmental stress) and is characterized by an
identifiable group of signs or symptoms.
28. Disease pyramid - ANS ✓A diagram showing the interrelationship
of the four factors (the presence of a pathogen, appropriate environmental
conditions, an appropriate host for the pathogen and time) required for a
disease to develop.
29. Disorder - ANS ✓A plant problem caused by unfavourable growing
conditions
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