NUR 2063 : ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT WELL DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH A 100 % GUARANTEED PASS TO
MAJOR CONCEPTS
Cryptorchidism Complications - ✔✔Fibrotic tubules with deficiency in spermatogenesis, infertility.
Amenorrhea - ✔✔Absence of menstruation
Amenorrhea Causes - ✔✔Hormonal disturbances
Stress
Neoplasms (ovarian, adrenal, pituitary tumors)
Complications of Dialysis - ✔✔Cardiovascular disease
Hypervolemia
Depression
Prostatitis - ✔✔Inflammation of the prostate.
Most common association is E. coli.
Prostatitis S/S - ✔✔Fever
Chills
Tender prostate
Low back pain
Dysuria
Leukocytosis
, Renal Calculus Cause - ✔✔Urine becomes supersaturated with specific solute that forms crystals.
Crystallization is enhanced when a person is dehydrated or has higher than normal levels of solute in the
urine from excessive secretion (calcium, uric acid).
Renal Calculus S/S - ✔✔Dull, localized flank pain Acute discomfort accompanied by nausea and vomiting,
diaphoresis (sweating), tachycardia, and tachypnea (abnormal, rapid breathing) Renal colic (intermittent,
sharp pain) develops as the stone moves to the ureteropelvic junction
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy S/S - ✔✔Urinary retention
Obstruction to flow
Decreased stream
Hesitancy; difficulty initiating a stream
Interruption of the stream
Infection caused by retention
.Aldosterone - ✔✔"salt-retaining hormone". Steroid that promotes the retention of Na+ by the kidneys.
Na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and pressur
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) - ✔✔Promotes retention of water by kidneys and increases blood pressure.
Chronic Renal Failure Risk Factors - ✔✔Diabetes
Hypertension
Recurrent pyelonephritis
Acute tubular necrosis
Glomerulonephritis
Polycystic kidney disease
Family history of CKD
Smoking
Age over 65 Ethnicity
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT WELL DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH A 100 % GUARANTEED PASS TO
MAJOR CONCEPTS
Cryptorchidism Complications - ✔✔Fibrotic tubules with deficiency in spermatogenesis, infertility.
Amenorrhea - ✔✔Absence of menstruation
Amenorrhea Causes - ✔✔Hormonal disturbances
Stress
Neoplasms (ovarian, adrenal, pituitary tumors)
Complications of Dialysis - ✔✔Cardiovascular disease
Hypervolemia
Depression
Prostatitis - ✔✔Inflammation of the prostate.
Most common association is E. coli.
Prostatitis S/S - ✔✔Fever
Chills
Tender prostate
Low back pain
Dysuria
Leukocytosis
, Renal Calculus Cause - ✔✔Urine becomes supersaturated with specific solute that forms crystals.
Crystallization is enhanced when a person is dehydrated or has higher than normal levels of solute in the
urine from excessive secretion (calcium, uric acid).
Renal Calculus S/S - ✔✔Dull, localized flank pain Acute discomfort accompanied by nausea and vomiting,
diaphoresis (sweating), tachycardia, and tachypnea (abnormal, rapid breathing) Renal colic (intermittent,
sharp pain) develops as the stone moves to the ureteropelvic junction
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy S/S - ✔✔Urinary retention
Obstruction to flow
Decreased stream
Hesitancy; difficulty initiating a stream
Interruption of the stream
Infection caused by retention
.Aldosterone - ✔✔"salt-retaining hormone". Steroid that promotes the retention of Na+ by the kidneys.
Na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and pressur
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) - ✔✔Promotes retention of water by kidneys and increases blood pressure.
Chronic Renal Failure Risk Factors - ✔✔Diabetes
Hypertension
Recurrent pyelonephritis
Acute tubular necrosis
Glomerulonephritis
Polycystic kidney disease
Family history of CKD
Smoking
Age over 65 Ethnicity
