Radiographic Pathology Chapter 5
Basic function of digestive system: correct answers alter the chemical and physical
composition of food so that it can be absorbed and used by body cells
The process of digestion depends on
(3) things correct answers endocrine/exocrine gland secretions, movement of ingested
food, and absorption of nutrients
chewing; mechanical breakdown of food correct answers mastication
swallowing correct answers deglutition
What are the chemicals in the stomach that are responsible for digesting food? correct
answers hydrochloric acid and proteolytic enzyme pepsin
milky white, partially digested food mixed with digestive enzymes and acids in the
stomach. correct answers chyme
muscle movements/rhythmic contractions of the digestive system starting in the
duodenum correct answers peristalsis
The greatest amount of digestion occurs in the _____ correct answers duodenum
bile is an ________; a substance that disperses fat into very small droplets that permit it
to mix with water correct answers emulsifier
when digestion is complete, nutrients are absorbed through the ________ into the blood
capillaries and lymph vessels in the small intestines correct answers intestinal mucosa
numerous finger-like projections found in the digestive tract correct answers villi
the colon is responsible for _______ correct answers water absorption
vermiform appendix rises from the correct answers 3cm below ileocecal valve
What is the hepatobiliary system composed of? correct answers liver
gallbladder
biliary ducts
pancreas
What are the functions of the liver? correct answers -Produce bile
-metabolizes substances in the portal circulation
, -Synthesizes substances for blood clotting
-Stores vitamin B
-Detoxifies and excretes substances
Liver cells secrete approximately ______ bile each day correct answers 1 pint
_____is a greenish liquid consisting of water, salts, cholesterol, and bilirubin (a
breakdown of hemoglobin) correct answers bile
The liver also synthesizes the blood protein ______ for blood clotting correct answers
albumin
What supplies blood to the liver? correct answers -hepatic artery
-portal vein
What is the biliary tree composed of? correct answers -right & left hepatic duct
-common hepatic duct
-cystic duct
-common bile duct
-pancreatic duct
-ampulla of vater
-sphincter of Oddi
What is the pear-shaped saclike structure located on the undersurface of the right lobe
of the liver? correct answers Gallbladder
What's the function of the gallbladder? correct answers To store and concentrate the
bile produced by the liver
What is the elongated, flat organ that is positioned obliquely across to left side of
abdomen and behind stomach? correct answers pancreas
What are the functions of the pancreas? correct answers Both endocrine and
endocrine; controls the level of circulating blood glucose by secreting insulin or
glucagon in the islets of Langerhans
__________ (secreted directly into bloodstream) specialized cells called inlets of
Langerhans produce insulin and glucagon for the bloodstream for carbohydrate
metabolism. correct answers Endocrine
What cells produce glucagon? correct answers Alpha cells
What cells produce insulin? correct answers Beta cells
___________ (secreted via a duct) produces and releases digestive enzymes correct
answers Exocrine
Basic function of digestive system: correct answers alter the chemical and physical
composition of food so that it can be absorbed and used by body cells
The process of digestion depends on
(3) things correct answers endocrine/exocrine gland secretions, movement of ingested
food, and absorption of nutrients
chewing; mechanical breakdown of food correct answers mastication
swallowing correct answers deglutition
What are the chemicals in the stomach that are responsible for digesting food? correct
answers hydrochloric acid and proteolytic enzyme pepsin
milky white, partially digested food mixed with digestive enzymes and acids in the
stomach. correct answers chyme
muscle movements/rhythmic contractions of the digestive system starting in the
duodenum correct answers peristalsis
The greatest amount of digestion occurs in the _____ correct answers duodenum
bile is an ________; a substance that disperses fat into very small droplets that permit it
to mix with water correct answers emulsifier
when digestion is complete, nutrients are absorbed through the ________ into the blood
capillaries and lymph vessels in the small intestines correct answers intestinal mucosa
numerous finger-like projections found in the digestive tract correct answers villi
the colon is responsible for _______ correct answers water absorption
vermiform appendix rises from the correct answers 3cm below ileocecal valve
What is the hepatobiliary system composed of? correct answers liver
gallbladder
biliary ducts
pancreas
What are the functions of the liver? correct answers -Produce bile
-metabolizes substances in the portal circulation
, -Synthesizes substances for blood clotting
-Stores vitamin B
-Detoxifies and excretes substances
Liver cells secrete approximately ______ bile each day correct answers 1 pint
_____is a greenish liquid consisting of water, salts, cholesterol, and bilirubin (a
breakdown of hemoglobin) correct answers bile
The liver also synthesizes the blood protein ______ for blood clotting correct answers
albumin
What supplies blood to the liver? correct answers -hepatic artery
-portal vein
What is the biliary tree composed of? correct answers -right & left hepatic duct
-common hepatic duct
-cystic duct
-common bile duct
-pancreatic duct
-ampulla of vater
-sphincter of Oddi
What is the pear-shaped saclike structure located on the undersurface of the right lobe
of the liver? correct answers Gallbladder
What's the function of the gallbladder? correct answers To store and concentrate the
bile produced by the liver
What is the elongated, flat organ that is positioned obliquely across to left side of
abdomen and behind stomach? correct answers pancreas
What are the functions of the pancreas? correct answers Both endocrine and
endocrine; controls the level of circulating blood glucose by secreting insulin or
glucagon in the islets of Langerhans
__________ (secreted directly into bloodstream) specialized cells called inlets of
Langerhans produce insulin and glucagon for the bloodstream for carbohydrate
metabolism. correct answers Endocrine
What cells produce glucagon? correct answers Alpha cells
What cells produce insulin? correct answers Beta cells
___________ (secreted via a duct) produces and releases digestive enzymes correct
answers Exocrine
