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absent bowel sounds - Answer -no sounds in 3-5 minutes
Causes of absent bowel sounds - Answer -obstruction, anesthesia
Causes of hyperactive bowel sounds - Answer -Crohn's disease
Diarrhea
Food allergy
GI bleeding
Infectious enteritis
Ulcerative colitis
Causes of hypoactive bowel sounds - Answer -Inflammation of the peritoneum (peritonitis)
From paralytic ileus as following abdominal surgery
Late bowel obstruction
Constipation
epigastric region - Answer -superior to the umbilical region
GI assessment order - Answer -inspect, auscultate, percuss, palpate
How do we percuss for kidney tenderness? - Answer -indirectly with a hand and fist. look for signs
of pain.
How do we perform light palpation on the abdomen? - Answer -use first 4 fingers to depress the
skin about 1 cm inside and move it in a rotation motion, clockwise.
How do you test for rebound tenderness? - Answer -the provider presses on umbilicus and RLQ
and when pressure removed, pain will occur
How long do we listen to bowel sounds with absent bowel sounds? - Answer -5 minutes per
quadrant
How should you assess the abdomen? - Answer -RLQ at the ileocecal valve area because bowel
sounds normally present here. Listening to all four quadrants not necessary.