Touhy Chapter 5 - cognition Touhy
chapter 20 - safety & security Touhy
chapter 21 - living well with chronic
illness
cognition correct answers process of acquiring, storing, sharing & using information
Cognition includes: language, thought, memory, executive function, judgment, attention
& perception
•To maximize brain plasticity & cognitive reserve (CR), it is important to engage in
challenging cognitive, sensory/motor activities and meaningful social interactions on a
regular basis throughout life
Cognitive functions that remain stable with age = correct answers attention span,
language skills, communication skills, comprehension & visual perception
Cognitive skills that decline with age correct answers verbal fluency, logical analysis,
selective attention, object naming, and complex visuospatial skills
Neuroplasticity correct answers is important in old age. 'use it or lose it'. Stimulating the
brain increases brain tissue formation, enhances synaptic regulation of messages &
enhances development of cognitive reserve
cognitive reserve correct answers It's based on the concept of neural plasticity and
refers to the strength and complexity of neuronal dendroid connections from which
information is transmitted and cognition and mentation emerges. the greater the
strength & complexity of neuronal-dendrite connections, the more the brain can absorb
damage before cognitive functioning is compromised. CR can be increased or
decreased due to too complex overarching processes positive and negative neuroplasty
positive neuroplasty is the brains ability to make more and stronger connections
between neurons is in response to novel situations negative neuroplasty refers to
atrophy of such connections in response to low stimulations Or logical insults
fluid intelligence correct answers skills that are biologically determined, independent of
experience or learning involves the ability to think logically and solve problems in novel
situations, independent of acquiring knowledge
-preform more poorly on performance scale with age
, crystallized intelligence correct answers knowledge and abilities acquired through
education and life, demonstrated largely through ones vocabulary and general
knowledge. long lasting and improves with experience
-remains stable on performance scale with age
cognitive health correct answers -the development and preservation of the
multidimensional cognitive structure that allows the older adult to maintain social
connectedness an ongoing sense of purpose and the abilities to function
independently , to permit functional recovery from illness and injury and to cope with
residual functional deficits
-a healthy brain is one that can preform all mental processes that are collectively known
as cognition
-healthy diet, physical activity, and mental activity slow mental decline
memory correct answers the ability to retain or store information and retrieve it when
needed
three components characterize memory:
immediate recall, short term memory and remote or long term memory
Four Steps to a Beautiful Mind correct answers •Box 5-3, p. 57 Four steps to a beautiful
mind - discuss suggestions listed to foster a beautiful mind!
•The nourished mind: A diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol rich in good fats like
poly unsaturated fats and omega-3 fatty acids and packed with protective foods with
nutrients such as vitamin E & lutein may protect brain cells and promote brain health
•The mentally engaged mind:Brain cells like muscle cells can grow bigger and stronger
with cognitive challenges and stimulation continued learning a new activities skills and
interests help build connections in the brain and enhance function
•The socially connected mind:Social connectedness is vital to health wellness and
longevity a rich social network supports brain health and provides individuals with that
or resources and stimulation
•The physically active mind:Physical activity is important and is associated with
improved cognition skills or reduce cognitive decline
Age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) correct answers normal memory loss in
light of a persons age and educational level
offset with cognitive stimulation and memory training
25-30 correct answers 25-30 Questionably significant If clinical signs of cognitive
impairment are present, formal assessment of cognition may be valuable. Likely to
affect only most demanding activities of daily living.
20-25 correct answers 20-25 Mild Formal assessment may be helpful to better
determine pattern and extent of deficits Significant effect. May require some
supervision, support and assistance.
chapter 20 - safety & security Touhy
chapter 21 - living well with chronic
illness
cognition correct answers process of acquiring, storing, sharing & using information
Cognition includes: language, thought, memory, executive function, judgment, attention
& perception
•To maximize brain plasticity & cognitive reserve (CR), it is important to engage in
challenging cognitive, sensory/motor activities and meaningful social interactions on a
regular basis throughout life
Cognitive functions that remain stable with age = correct answers attention span,
language skills, communication skills, comprehension & visual perception
Cognitive skills that decline with age correct answers verbal fluency, logical analysis,
selective attention, object naming, and complex visuospatial skills
Neuroplasticity correct answers is important in old age. 'use it or lose it'. Stimulating the
brain increases brain tissue formation, enhances synaptic regulation of messages &
enhances development of cognitive reserve
cognitive reserve correct answers It's based on the concept of neural plasticity and
refers to the strength and complexity of neuronal dendroid connections from which
information is transmitted and cognition and mentation emerges. the greater the
strength & complexity of neuronal-dendrite connections, the more the brain can absorb
damage before cognitive functioning is compromised. CR can be increased or
decreased due to too complex overarching processes positive and negative neuroplasty
positive neuroplasty is the brains ability to make more and stronger connections
between neurons is in response to novel situations negative neuroplasty refers to
atrophy of such connections in response to low stimulations Or logical insults
fluid intelligence correct answers skills that are biologically determined, independent of
experience or learning involves the ability to think logically and solve problems in novel
situations, independent of acquiring knowledge
-preform more poorly on performance scale with age
, crystallized intelligence correct answers knowledge and abilities acquired through
education and life, demonstrated largely through ones vocabulary and general
knowledge. long lasting and improves with experience
-remains stable on performance scale with age
cognitive health correct answers -the development and preservation of the
multidimensional cognitive structure that allows the older adult to maintain social
connectedness an ongoing sense of purpose and the abilities to function
independently , to permit functional recovery from illness and injury and to cope with
residual functional deficits
-a healthy brain is one that can preform all mental processes that are collectively known
as cognition
-healthy diet, physical activity, and mental activity slow mental decline
memory correct answers the ability to retain or store information and retrieve it when
needed
three components characterize memory:
immediate recall, short term memory and remote or long term memory
Four Steps to a Beautiful Mind correct answers •Box 5-3, p. 57 Four steps to a beautiful
mind - discuss suggestions listed to foster a beautiful mind!
•The nourished mind: A diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol rich in good fats like
poly unsaturated fats and omega-3 fatty acids and packed with protective foods with
nutrients such as vitamin E & lutein may protect brain cells and promote brain health
•The mentally engaged mind:Brain cells like muscle cells can grow bigger and stronger
with cognitive challenges and stimulation continued learning a new activities skills and
interests help build connections in the brain and enhance function
•The socially connected mind:Social connectedness is vital to health wellness and
longevity a rich social network supports brain health and provides individuals with that
or resources and stimulation
•The physically active mind:Physical activity is important and is associated with
improved cognition skills or reduce cognitive decline
Age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) correct answers normal memory loss in
light of a persons age and educational level
offset with cognitive stimulation and memory training
25-30 correct answers 25-30 Questionably significant If clinical signs of cognitive
impairment are present, formal assessment of cognition may be valuable. Likely to
affect only most demanding activities of daily living.
20-25 correct answers 20-25 Mild Formal assessment may be helpful to better
determine pattern and extent of deficits Significant effect. May require some
supervision, support and assistance.
