HESI PN Comprehensive Exit Exam 2 Questions and Answers with Rationale

A newborn with apnea is being discharged from the hospital with home monitoring. What information concerning the infant's care should the practical nurse review with the parents? A. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). B. Administration of intravenous antibiotics. C. Reassurance that the infant cannot be electrocuted during monitoring. D. Advise that the infant not be left with caretakers, such as babysitters. - A. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Rationale: Apnea of infancy (AOI) engenders great anxiety in parents, and the initiation of home monitoring presents additional emotional stress. When home monitoring is required the parents should receive instructions that include cardiopulmonary resuscitation(A). (B) does not indicate Apnea Which protocol regarding standard policies about prescriptions should the practical nurse (PN) question? A. All drug prescriptions should have the date, time, and prescriber's signature. B.Verbal orders are accepted from prescribers and should include signatures. C. Prescribers may write specific times at which the medications are to be given. D. Preoperative prescriptions should be resumed after a client returns from surgery -D. Preoperative prescriptions should be resumed after a client returns from surgery. Rationale: A standard policy about preoperative medications that preoperative prescriptions are automatically canceled for surgery and should be rewritten, if indicated, in the postoperatively so the (PN) should question (D). (A, B, C) are correct statements. When reviewing the safety precautions regarding newborns, what information should the practical nurse communicate to the parents? A. Position the infant to sleep on the baby's back. B. Use a crib with slats no more than 4 inches apart. C. Propping a bottle can be done when the infant gets older. D. Place the infant a front-facing car seat in the automobile. - A. Position the infant to sleep on the baby's back. Rationale: The incident of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) decline when infants are positioned on their backs (A), instead of prone for sleeping. Crib slats (B) 2.375 inches apart to prevent the baby from slipping. (C) Never prop a babies bottle. (D)Infant who weighs less than 30lbs should be placed in a rear facing car seat. When monitoring a newborn, which observation should the practical nurse report to the healthcare provider? A. Rectal temperature of 37.6° C. B. Axillary temperature of 37.1° C. C. Heart rate of 110 beats per minute. Correct D. Respiration rate of 40 breaths per minute. - C. Heart rate of 110 beats per minute Rationale: The normal range for a heart beat for an infant is 120-160 so a heart rate of 110 should be reported to the healthcare provider. Newborn temperature ranges from 97.7,99.4,36.5,37.5 and normal respiratory rate is 30-60 After reviewing discharge instructions with a male client who has hepatitis C, what statement by the client indicates to the practical nurse that the client understands his disease? A. "I will avoid taking any products with acetaminophen, such as Tylenol." B. "I will eliminate alcohol consumption until my infection subsides." C. "I should eat a diet rich in dark green leafy vegetables." D. "I understand that my other medications doses need to be increased." - A. "I will avoid taking any products with acetaminophen, such as Tylenol." Rationale: Tylenol is metabolized in the liver and should be avoided with clients with liver disease Which action should the practical nurse perform first for a child who is injured on the school grounds and has an obvious mis-alignment of the lower forearm? A. Remove the child's finger rings. B. Assess and document the child's level of pain. C. Evaluate the child's range of motion. D. Place arm in a sling at level of the child's heart. - A. Remove the child's finger rings. Rationale: The child is a risk for swelling in the distal areas of the affected arm and hand. Removal of finger rings (A) should be implemented first to remove any potential constriction that may occur after tissue injury or fracture of the lower arm The practical nurse (PN) is participating in a group interview of an applicant who will work in the clinic as a staff PN. Which question is best to ask the applicant? A. "This position requires working on-call every fourth weekend. Can you do that?" B. "Do you have child care arrangements for your children?" C. "Do you have any religious requirements that need scheduling accommodation?" D. "Are you going to be the sole supporter for your family?" - A. "This position requires working on-call every fourth weekend. Can you do that?" Rationale: Job interview questions must be specifically job related (A) A client in a nursing home becomes violent and verbally threatens an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Which is the best way for the practical nurse (PN) in charge during the shift to handle the staff's reaction to the incident? A. Encourage UAP to deal with it privately to prevent compromising client confidentiality. B. Offer a group discussion session so staff can share their thoughts and feelings. C. Invite staff out after hours to help distract them from the disturbing client event. D. Refer the UAP to human resources department for a counseling session with a therapist. - B.Offer a group discussion session so staff can share their thoughts and feelings Rationale: A critical incident stress debriefing evolves expression of personal feelings, discussion, and working on unresolved emotional issues to minimize post traumatic stress for the staff member. A CISD is the best action for the PN in charge to take (B) in conjunction with the guidance and assistance of the nursing supervisor in the facility