HESI Pharmacology NGN Exit Exam |
Questions and Answers with Rationale
Graded A+| Latest 2024
1.) A client with trigeminal neuralgia is being treated with
carbamazepine (Tegretol). Which laboratory result would
indicate that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction to
the medication?
1. Sodium level, 140 mEq/L
2. Uric acid level, 5.0 mg/dL
3. White blood cell count, 3000 cells/mm3
4. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, 15 mg/dL
- Correct Answer - 3. White blood cell count, 3000 cells/mm3
Rationale:
Adverse effects of carbamazepine (Tegretol) appear as blood
dyscrasias, including aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis,
thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, cardiovascular disturbances,
thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, and dermatological effects.
Options 1, 2, and 4 identify normal laboratory values.
,2.) A client is receiving meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) for
pain. Which of the following are side effects of this medication.
Select all that apply.
1. Diarrhea
2. Tremors
3. Drowsiness
4. Hypotension
5. Urinary frequency
6. Increased respiratory rate - Correct Answer - 2. Tremors
3. Drowsiness
4. Hypotension
Rationale:
Meperidine hydrochloride is an opioid analgesic. Side effects
include respiratory depression, drowsiness, hypotension,
constipation, urinary retention, nausea, vomiting, and tremors.
3.) The client has been on treatment for rheumatoid arthritis for
3 weeks. During the administration of etanercept (Enbrel), it is
most important for the nurse to check:
1. The injection site for itching and edema
2. The white blood cell counts and platelet counts
,3. Whether the client is experiencing fatigue and joint pain
4. A metallic taste in the mouth, with a loss of appetite -
Correct Answer - 2. The white blood cell counts and platelet
counts
Rationale:
Infection and pancytopenia are side effects of etanercept
(Enbrel). Laboratory studies are performed before and during
drug treatment. The appearance of abnormal white blood cell
counts and abnormal platelet counts can alert the nurse to a
potentially life-threatening infection. Injection site itching is a
common occurrence following administration. A metallic taste
with loss of appetite are not common signs of side effects of
this medication.
4.) Baclofen (Lioresal) is prescribed for the client with multiple
sclerosis. The nurse assists in planning care, knowing that the
primary therapeutic effect of this medication is which of the
following?
1. Increased muscle tone
2. Decreased muscle spasms
3. Increased range of motion
4. Decreased local pain and tenderness
, - Correct Answer - 2. Decreased muscle spasms
Rationale:
Baclofen is a skeletal muscle relaxant and central nervous
system depressant and acts at the spinal cord level to decrease
the frequency and amplitude of muscle spasms in clients with
spinal cord injuries or diseases and in clients with multiple
sclerosis. Options 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
5.) A nurse is monitoring a client receiving baclofen (Lioresal)
for side effects related to the medication. Which of the following
would indicate that the client is experiencing a side effect?
1. Polyuria
2. Diarrhea
3. Drowsiness
4. Muscular excitability - Correct Answer - 3. Drowsiness
Rationale:
Baclofen is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant and
frequently causes drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, and
fatigue. It can also cause nausea, constipation, and urinary
retention. Clients should be warned about the possible
reactions. Options 1, 2, and 4 are not side effects.
Questions and Answers with Rationale
Graded A+| Latest 2024
1.) A client with trigeminal neuralgia is being treated with
carbamazepine (Tegretol). Which laboratory result would
indicate that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction to
the medication?
1. Sodium level, 140 mEq/L
2. Uric acid level, 5.0 mg/dL
3. White blood cell count, 3000 cells/mm3
4. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, 15 mg/dL
- Correct Answer - 3. White blood cell count, 3000 cells/mm3
Rationale:
Adverse effects of carbamazepine (Tegretol) appear as blood
dyscrasias, including aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis,
thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, cardiovascular disturbances,
thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, and dermatological effects.
Options 1, 2, and 4 identify normal laboratory values.
,2.) A client is receiving meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) for
pain. Which of the following are side effects of this medication.
Select all that apply.
1. Diarrhea
2. Tremors
3. Drowsiness
4. Hypotension
5. Urinary frequency
6. Increased respiratory rate - Correct Answer - 2. Tremors
3. Drowsiness
4. Hypotension
Rationale:
Meperidine hydrochloride is an opioid analgesic. Side effects
include respiratory depression, drowsiness, hypotension,
constipation, urinary retention, nausea, vomiting, and tremors.
3.) The client has been on treatment for rheumatoid arthritis for
3 weeks. During the administration of etanercept (Enbrel), it is
most important for the nurse to check:
1. The injection site for itching and edema
2. The white blood cell counts and platelet counts
,3. Whether the client is experiencing fatigue and joint pain
4. A metallic taste in the mouth, with a loss of appetite -
Correct Answer - 2. The white blood cell counts and platelet
counts
Rationale:
Infection and pancytopenia are side effects of etanercept
(Enbrel). Laboratory studies are performed before and during
drug treatment. The appearance of abnormal white blood cell
counts and abnormal platelet counts can alert the nurse to a
potentially life-threatening infection. Injection site itching is a
common occurrence following administration. A metallic taste
with loss of appetite are not common signs of side effects of
this medication.
4.) Baclofen (Lioresal) is prescribed for the client with multiple
sclerosis. The nurse assists in planning care, knowing that the
primary therapeutic effect of this medication is which of the
following?
1. Increased muscle tone
2. Decreased muscle spasms
3. Increased range of motion
4. Decreased local pain and tenderness
, - Correct Answer - 2. Decreased muscle spasms
Rationale:
Baclofen is a skeletal muscle relaxant and central nervous
system depressant and acts at the spinal cord level to decrease
the frequency and amplitude of muscle spasms in clients with
spinal cord injuries or diseases and in clients with multiple
sclerosis. Options 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect.
5.) A nurse is monitoring a client receiving baclofen (Lioresal)
for side effects related to the medication. Which of the following
would indicate that the client is experiencing a side effect?
1. Polyuria
2. Diarrhea
3. Drowsiness
4. Muscular excitability - Correct Answer - 3. Drowsiness
Rationale:
Baclofen is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant and
frequently causes drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, and
fatigue. It can also cause nausea, constipation, and urinary
retention. Clients should be warned about the possible
reactions. Options 1, 2, and 4 are not side effects.
