ATI Pharmacology in Nursing Predictor
Review Exam Questions With 100%
Accurate Solutions Scored A+!!
Standard Conversion Factors - CORRECT ANSWER-1 mg = 1,000 mcg
1 g = 1,000 mg
1 kg = 1,000 g
1 kg = 2.2 lb
60 mg = 1 gr
30 mL = 1 oz
5 mL = 1 tsp
15 mL = 1 tbsp
1 tbsp = 3 tsp
Six rights of medication administration - CORRECT ANSWER-Right patient, right drug,
right dose, right route, right time, right documentation
Infiltration - CORRECT ANSWER-Prevention: use smallest catheter for prescribed
therapy, stabilize port-access, assess blood return
Treatment: stop infusion, remove peripheral catheters, apply COLD compress,
ELEVATE extremity, insert new catheter in OPPOSITE extremity.
Extravasation - CORRECT ANSWER-Prevention: know vesicant potential before giving
medication
Treatment: stop infusion, discontinue administration set, aspirate drug if possible, apply
COLD compress, document condition of site (may photograph).
,Phlebitis/thrombophlebitis - CORRECT ANSWER-Prevention: rotate sites every 72-96
hrs; secure catheter; use aseptic technique; for PICCs, avoid excessive activity with the
extremity.
Treatment: stop infusion; remove peripheral IV catheter; apply HEAT compress; insert
new catheter in opposite extremity.
Hematoma - CORRECT ANSWER-Prevention: avoid veins not easily seen or palpated;
obtain hemostasis after insertion
Treatment: remove IV device and apply light pressure if bleeding; monitor for signs of
phlebitis and treat
catheter embolus - CORRECT ANSWER-Prevention: do not reinsert stylet needle into
catheter
Treatment: Immediately apply tourniquet high on extremity to limit venous blood flow.
Prepare for removal under x-ray
Care and Maintenance of TPN - CORRECT ANSWER-- Before administering, verify
prescription and solution with another nurse
- Administer via infusion pump
- Monitor DW
- Monitor and record I&O, noting fluid balance
- Monitor BG levels every 4-6 hours
- Monitor for signs of infection
- Change dressing every 48 to 72 hours or per facility policy
- Change IV tubing and fluids every 24 hours
- If TPN is temporarily unavailable, administer dextrose 10% in water to prevent
hypoglycemia
Antidote for Acetaminophen - CORRECT ANSWER-Acetylcysteine
,Antidote for Benzodiazepines - CORRECT ANSWER-Flumazenil
Antidote for Curare - CORRECT ANSWER-Edrophonium
Antidote for cyanide poisoning - CORRECT ANSWER-Methylene blue
Antidote for Digitalis - CORRECT ANSWER-Digoxin immune FAB
Antidote for Ethylene poisoning - CORRECT ANSWER-Fomepizole
Antidote for Heparin and Enoxaparin - CORRECT ANSWER-Protamine sulfate
Antidote for Iron - CORRECT ANSWER-Deferoxamine
Antidote for Lead - CORRECT ANSWER-Succimer
Antidote for Magnesium sulfate - CORRECT ANSWER-Calcium gluconate 10%
Antidote for Narcotics - CORRECT ANSWER-Naloxone
Antidote for Warfarin (Coumadin) - CORRECT ANSWER-Phytonadione (Vitamin K)
Common Drug Class Suffixes - CORRECT ANSWER-- Calcium channel Blockers (-
dipine)
- ACE inhibitors (-pril)
- Benzodiazepines (-pam, -lam)
- Beta blockers (-olol)
- Proton pump inhibitors (-prazole)
, - SSRIs (-pram, -ine)
Antihypertensives: Nursing Interventions - CORRECT ANSWER-- Assess weight, vitals,
and hydration status
- Assess orthostatic BP
- Assess lab profiles (renal function, coagulation)
- Teach patient to take medication at the same time every day
- Patients should avoid hot tubs and saunas
- Do not discontinue medications abruptly
- Prevent orthostatic hypotension
Antihypertensives: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors & Angiotensin II
Receptor Blockers (ARBs) - CORRECT ANSWER-ACE Inhibitors:
--> "pril"
--> Captopril, Enalapril, Enalaprilat (IV route), Fosinopril, Lisinopril
ARBs:
--> "sartin"
--> Losartan, Valsartan, Irbesartan herapeutic use:
--> HTN, HF, MI, diabetic neuropathy
Therapeutic Use:
--> HTN, HF, MI, Diabetic neuropathy
Precautions/Interactions:
--> Use with caution if diuretic therapy is in place
--> Monitor Potassium levels
Nursing Interventions and Client Education:
Review Exam Questions With 100%
Accurate Solutions Scored A+!!
Standard Conversion Factors - CORRECT ANSWER-1 mg = 1,000 mcg
1 g = 1,000 mg
1 kg = 1,000 g
1 kg = 2.2 lb
60 mg = 1 gr
30 mL = 1 oz
5 mL = 1 tsp
15 mL = 1 tbsp
1 tbsp = 3 tsp
Six rights of medication administration - CORRECT ANSWER-Right patient, right drug,
right dose, right route, right time, right documentation
Infiltration - CORRECT ANSWER-Prevention: use smallest catheter for prescribed
therapy, stabilize port-access, assess blood return
Treatment: stop infusion, remove peripheral catheters, apply COLD compress,
ELEVATE extremity, insert new catheter in OPPOSITE extremity.
Extravasation - CORRECT ANSWER-Prevention: know vesicant potential before giving
medication
Treatment: stop infusion, discontinue administration set, aspirate drug if possible, apply
COLD compress, document condition of site (may photograph).
,Phlebitis/thrombophlebitis - CORRECT ANSWER-Prevention: rotate sites every 72-96
hrs; secure catheter; use aseptic technique; for PICCs, avoid excessive activity with the
extremity.
Treatment: stop infusion; remove peripheral IV catheter; apply HEAT compress; insert
new catheter in opposite extremity.
Hematoma - CORRECT ANSWER-Prevention: avoid veins not easily seen or palpated;
obtain hemostasis after insertion
Treatment: remove IV device and apply light pressure if bleeding; monitor for signs of
phlebitis and treat
catheter embolus - CORRECT ANSWER-Prevention: do not reinsert stylet needle into
catheter
Treatment: Immediately apply tourniquet high on extremity to limit venous blood flow.
Prepare for removal under x-ray
Care and Maintenance of TPN - CORRECT ANSWER-- Before administering, verify
prescription and solution with another nurse
- Administer via infusion pump
- Monitor DW
- Monitor and record I&O, noting fluid balance
- Monitor BG levels every 4-6 hours
- Monitor for signs of infection
- Change dressing every 48 to 72 hours or per facility policy
- Change IV tubing and fluids every 24 hours
- If TPN is temporarily unavailable, administer dextrose 10% in water to prevent
hypoglycemia
Antidote for Acetaminophen - CORRECT ANSWER-Acetylcysteine
,Antidote for Benzodiazepines - CORRECT ANSWER-Flumazenil
Antidote for Curare - CORRECT ANSWER-Edrophonium
Antidote for cyanide poisoning - CORRECT ANSWER-Methylene blue
Antidote for Digitalis - CORRECT ANSWER-Digoxin immune FAB
Antidote for Ethylene poisoning - CORRECT ANSWER-Fomepizole
Antidote for Heparin and Enoxaparin - CORRECT ANSWER-Protamine sulfate
Antidote for Iron - CORRECT ANSWER-Deferoxamine
Antidote for Lead - CORRECT ANSWER-Succimer
Antidote for Magnesium sulfate - CORRECT ANSWER-Calcium gluconate 10%
Antidote for Narcotics - CORRECT ANSWER-Naloxone
Antidote for Warfarin (Coumadin) - CORRECT ANSWER-Phytonadione (Vitamin K)
Common Drug Class Suffixes - CORRECT ANSWER-- Calcium channel Blockers (-
dipine)
- ACE inhibitors (-pril)
- Benzodiazepines (-pam, -lam)
- Beta blockers (-olol)
- Proton pump inhibitors (-prazole)
, - SSRIs (-pram, -ine)
Antihypertensives: Nursing Interventions - CORRECT ANSWER-- Assess weight, vitals,
and hydration status
- Assess orthostatic BP
- Assess lab profiles (renal function, coagulation)
- Teach patient to take medication at the same time every day
- Patients should avoid hot tubs and saunas
- Do not discontinue medications abruptly
- Prevent orthostatic hypotension
Antihypertensives: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors & Angiotensin II
Receptor Blockers (ARBs) - CORRECT ANSWER-ACE Inhibitors:
--> "pril"
--> Captopril, Enalapril, Enalaprilat (IV route), Fosinopril, Lisinopril
ARBs:
--> "sartin"
--> Losartan, Valsartan, Irbesartan herapeutic use:
--> HTN, HF, MI, diabetic neuropathy
Therapeutic Use:
--> HTN, HF, MI, Diabetic neuropathy
Precautions/Interactions:
--> Use with caution if diuretic therapy is in place
--> Monitor Potassium levels
Nursing Interventions and Client Education:
