BB 450 Exam 1 (Memorize) Questions With Complete
Solutions
1. Aliphatics Correct Answers - Relatively short side chains.
1. Aliphatics Correct Answers a. Glycine -
b. Alanine
c. Proline -
d. Valine
e. Leucine
(Aliphatics) go around very large people.
1. Centrifuging: Correct Answers Spinning precipitates the
smaller molecules. The faster the centrifuge spins, the smaller
particles can be extracted. Another type of centrifuging (zonal)
can be used to separate molecules, instead of precipitating them.
1. Cyanogen Bromide: Correct Answers Cleaves on carboxyl
side of methionine (to the right of)
10. 2D Electrophoresis: Correct Answers A tool for proteomics
that combines Isoelectric Focusing (separate by pI) and SDS
PAGE (separate proteins by size after modifying them to be like
DNA). Proteins are first separated by their pI using Isoelectric
Focusing in a tube using an electric current. The proteins are
then applied to the top of an SDS PAGE gel and separated by
size using electrodes. All proteins in a cell can be visualized and
identified by pI and size.
11. MALDI-TOF: Correct Answers Used to determine the
molecular weight of large molecules, like polypeptides. A laser
, is shot at the molecules, making them charged. An electric field
is then used to drive the charged molecules toward a detector.
Heavier molecules have lower charge to mass ratio than lighter
molecules and take longer to get to the detector. Amino acids
have specific molecules weights. Amino acid combinations have
distinct masses. Genomic sequences can be determined by
measuring the Time of Flight. MALDI-TOF can identify
unknown proteins by measuring the time it takes groups of
amino acids to reach the detector (larger=slower).
12. Western Blots: Correct Answers Separate proteins by
identifying a specific protein in a mixture with SDS PAGE. This
mixture is transferred to a membrane and a colored antibody is
added for the protein of interest.
13. HPLC: Correct Answers Chromatography method used to
separate molecules on the basis of polarity. The most common
form is reverse phase chromatography. Uses a column full of
beads with non-polar side chains attached. The molecules with
polar side chains stick to the beads and stay in the column
longer. This method separates molecules by polarity.
14. X-Ray Crystallography: Correct Answers A crystal is made
of pure protein (or DNA or RNA). X Rays are shot at the crystal
from every angle and interact with the electron clouds of each
atom. The angles of deflection give a 3D map of every atom in
the crystal. NMR can be used to give structural info if the
structure is in an aqueous solution.
2. Dialysis: Correct Answers Separating large molecules (like
DNA and proteins) from small molecules, like salts. A
Solutions
1. Aliphatics Correct Answers - Relatively short side chains.
1. Aliphatics Correct Answers a. Glycine -
b. Alanine
c. Proline -
d. Valine
e. Leucine
(Aliphatics) go around very large people.
1. Centrifuging: Correct Answers Spinning precipitates the
smaller molecules. The faster the centrifuge spins, the smaller
particles can be extracted. Another type of centrifuging (zonal)
can be used to separate molecules, instead of precipitating them.
1. Cyanogen Bromide: Correct Answers Cleaves on carboxyl
side of methionine (to the right of)
10. 2D Electrophoresis: Correct Answers A tool for proteomics
that combines Isoelectric Focusing (separate by pI) and SDS
PAGE (separate proteins by size after modifying them to be like
DNA). Proteins are first separated by their pI using Isoelectric
Focusing in a tube using an electric current. The proteins are
then applied to the top of an SDS PAGE gel and separated by
size using electrodes. All proteins in a cell can be visualized and
identified by pI and size.
11. MALDI-TOF: Correct Answers Used to determine the
molecular weight of large molecules, like polypeptides. A laser
, is shot at the molecules, making them charged. An electric field
is then used to drive the charged molecules toward a detector.
Heavier molecules have lower charge to mass ratio than lighter
molecules and take longer to get to the detector. Amino acids
have specific molecules weights. Amino acid combinations have
distinct masses. Genomic sequences can be determined by
measuring the Time of Flight. MALDI-TOF can identify
unknown proteins by measuring the time it takes groups of
amino acids to reach the detector (larger=slower).
12. Western Blots: Correct Answers Separate proteins by
identifying a specific protein in a mixture with SDS PAGE. This
mixture is transferred to a membrane and a colored antibody is
added for the protein of interest.
13. HPLC: Correct Answers Chromatography method used to
separate molecules on the basis of polarity. The most common
form is reverse phase chromatography. Uses a column full of
beads with non-polar side chains attached. The molecules with
polar side chains stick to the beads and stay in the column
longer. This method separates molecules by polarity.
14. X-Ray Crystallography: Correct Answers A crystal is made
of pure protein (or DNA or RNA). X Rays are shot at the crystal
from every angle and interact with the electron clouds of each
atom. The angles of deflection give a 3D map of every atom in
the crystal. NMR can be used to give structural info if the
structure is in an aqueous solution.
2. Dialysis: Correct Answers Separating large molecules (like
DNA and proteins) from small molecules, like salts. A
