NURS 136 Test 1
whatcvarecvsomecvmethodscvtocvreducecvphysicalcvhazardscvandcvthecvtransmissioncvofcvpathogenscv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅makecvsurecvallcvworkerscvwearcvpropercvprotectivecvgearcvsuchcvascvsafetycvglasse
s,cvgloves,cvhardcvhats,cvhearingcvprotection,cvetc.cvSecond,cvensurecvthatcvequipmentcviscvproperlycvmaint
ainedcvandcvrepaired.cvPropercvhandcvhygiene.cvAvoidingcvhigh-
riskcvbehaviors.cvImmunizations.cvPropercvhomecvpestcvcontrol.cvPropercvdisposalcvofcvhumancvwaste.cvKe
epingcvacvhealthycvworldcvenvironment-avoidcvpollutingcvthecvaircvandcvwatercvwhencvable.
Whatcviscvthecvinfluencecvofcvnursingcvtheorycvoncvacvnurse'scvapproachcvtocvpracticecv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅Nursingcvtheorycvconceptualizescvancvaspectcvofcvnursingcvtocvdescribe,cvexplain,cv
predict,cvprcvprescribecvnursingcvcare.cvTheoriescvoffercvacvframeworkcvforcvassessingcvyourcvpatient'scvsitu
ation,cvandcvhelpcvyoucvtocvrecognizecvandcvanalyzecvcluescvthatcvemergecvfromcvdata
whatcvarecvthecvtypescvofcvnursingcvtheoriescv-cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅-
cvgrandcvtheories:cvabstract,cvbroadcvincvscope,cvandcvcomplexcv-
cvrequirecvfurthercvclarificationcvthoughcvresearchcvtocvtheycvcancvbecvappliedcvtocvnursingcvpracticecv-
cvprovidescvgeneralcvframeworkcvforcvgeneralcvideascvaboutcvnursing.cvEgcvImogenecvKing'scvtheorycvofcvgo
alcvattainment,cvthecvfocuscvofcvnursingcviscvthecvinteractioncvofcvHymancvbeingscvandcvthecvenvironmentcv
withcvancvendcvgoalcvofcvhealth,cvancvNightingalecvwhocvthoughtcvthatcvimprovingcvenvironmentcvandcvnutr
itioncvwouldcvleadcvtocvrestoredcvhealth
-cvMiddle-
rangecvtheories:cvaddresscvspecificcvphenomenoncvandcvreflectcvpractice.cvEgcvKolcaba'scvtheorycvofcvcomf
ortcvencouragescvnursescvtocvmeetcvpt'scvneedscvforcvcomfortcvincvphysical,cvpsychospiritual,cvenvironment
alcvandcvsocioculturalcvrealms
-
cvPracticecvtheories:cvguidecvthecvnursingcvcarecvofcvacvspecificcvpatientcvpopulationcvatcvacvspecificcvtimecve
g.cvpaincvmanagementcvprotocolcvforcvptscvreceivingcvfromcvcardiaccvsurgerycv
-cvDescriptivecvtheories:cvfirstcvlevelcvofcvtheorycvdevelopmentcv-
cvdescribecvphenomenacvandcvidentifycvcircumstancescvincvwhichcvthecvphenomenacvoccurcveg.cvtheoriescv
ofcvgrowthcvandcvdevelopmentcvdescribercvhecvmaturationcvprocesscvofcvancvindividualcvatcvvariouscvages
-
cvPrescriptivecvtheories:cvaddresscvnursingcvinterventionscvforcvacvphenomenon,cvguidecvpracticecvchange,c
vandcvpredictcvthecvconsequencescv-cvhelpscvtocvanticipatecvthecvoutcomescvofcvnursingcvinterventions
whatcviscvthecvrelationshipcvbetweencvnursingcvtheory,cvthecvnursingcvprocess,cvandcvpatientcvneedscv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅Thecvnursingcvprocesscviscvusedcvincvclinicalcvsettingscvtocvdeterminecvindividualcvp
,atientcvneeds,cvandcvprovidescvacvsystematiccvprocesscvforcvthecvdeliverycvofcvnursingcvcare.cvHowever,cvnu
rsescvusecvtheorycvtocvprovidecvdirectioncvincvhowcvtocvusecvthecvnursingcvprocess.cvForcvexample,cvthecvthe
orycvofcvcaringcvinfluencescvwhatcvnursescvneedcvtocvassess,cvhowcvtocvdeterminecvpatientcvneeds,cvhowcvt
ocvplancvcare,cvhowcvtocvselectcvindividualizedcvnursingcvinterventions,cvandcvhowcvtocvevaluatecvpatientcvo
utcomes.
whatcviscvthecvNationalcvCouncilcvofcvStatecvBoardscvofcvNursingcvClinicalcvJudgmentcvModelcv(NCSBN-
CJM)cv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅itcvwascvdevelopedcvtocvhelpcvguidecvnursecveducatorscvincvevaluatingcvnursingcvst
udent'scvabilitiescvtocvmakecvthecvclinicalcvjudgementscvnecessarycvwhencvprovidingcvcompetentcvnursingcv
care.cvThecvmodelcvhascvmultiplecvlayerscvthatcvhelpcvexplaincvthecvcognitivecvprocesscvnursescvusecvtocvma
kecvclinicalcvjudgmentscvtocvguidecvtheircvcarecv
-cvlayercv0:cvdeterminecvclientcvneedscv
-cvlayercv1:cvclinicalcvjudgement
-cvlayercv2:cvformcvacvhypotheses,cvrefinecvhypothesis,cvevaluation
-
cvlayercv3:cvrecognizecvcures,cvanalyzecvcues,cvprioritizecvhypothesis,cvgeneratecvsolutions,cvtakecvactions,cv
evaluatecvoutcomes
-cvlayercv4:cvenvironmentalcvandcvindividualcvfactorscvthatcvhelpcvinformcvacvnursescvclinicalcvjudgement
Whatcviscvtheorycvbasedcvnursingcvpracticecv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅youcvapplycvthecvprinciplescvofcvacvtheorycvincvdeliveringcvnursingcvinterventionscv
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cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅EBPcvenhancescvpatientcvexperience,cvpatientcvsatisfaction,cvdecreasescvcost,cvem
powerscvclinicians,cvimprovescvpatientcvoutcomes,cvandcvimprovescvthecvqualitycvandcvconsistencycvofcvhe
althcvcare
whatcvarecvthecvstepscvofcvevidencecvbasedcvpracticecv-
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2.cvsearchcvforcvthecvmostcvrelevantcvandcvbestcvevidence
3.cvcriticallycvappraisecvthecvevidencecvyoucvgather
4.cvintegratecvthecvbestcvevidencecvwithcvyourcvclinicalcvexpertisecvandcvpatientcvpreferencescvandcvvaluesc
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5.cvevaluatecvthecvoutcomescvofcvpracticecvchangescvbasedcvoncvevidence
6.cvcommunicatecvthecvoutcomescvofcvEBPcvdecisioncvorcvchanges
whatcviscvPICOTcvandcvgivecvancvexamplecvofcvacvPICOTcvQuestioncv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅P:cvpatientcvpopulationcvofcvinterestcv(eg.cvage,cvsex,cvethnicity,cvdisease,cvetc)
I:cvinterventioncvorcvareacvofcvinterestcv(eg.cvtx,cvdiagnosticcvtest,cvprognosticcvfactor,cvetc)
C:cvcomparisoncvinterventioncvorcvareacvofcvinterestcv(eg.cvwhatcviscvthecvstandardcvofcvcarecvusecvnowcvincv
practice)
O:cvOutcomescv(whatcviscvthecvdesiredcvresultcvofcvancvinterventioncveg.cvchancecvincvbehavior,cvphysicalcvfi
nding,cvetc)
T:cvtimecv(whatcvamountcvofcvtimecviscvneededcvforcvancvinterventioncvtocvachievecvancvoutcome)
explaincvthecvlevelscvofcvevidencecvavailablecvincvthecvliteraturecv-cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅-
cvlevelcvIcv=cvsystematiccvreviewcvorcvmetacvanalysiscvorcvrandomizedcvcontrolledcvtrials,cvevidencecvbasedcv
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-cvlevelcvIIcv=cvwellcvdevelopedcvrandomizedcvcontrolledcvtrials
-cvlevelcvIIIcv=cvcontrolledcvtrialcvwithoutcvrandomizationcv(quasicvexperimentalcvstudy)
-cvlevelcvIVcv=cvsinglecvnon-experimentalcvstudycv(casecvcontrol,cvcorrelational,cvcohortcvstudies)
-cvlevelcvVcv=cvsystematiccvreviewscvofcvdescriptivecvandcvqualitativecvstudies
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cv-
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cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅ifcvthecvevidencecvappliescvtocvancvinterventioncvthecvfirstcvstepcviscvtocvapplycvthec
whatcvarecvsomecvmethodscvtocvreducecvphysicalcvhazardscvandcvthecvtransmissioncvofcvpathogenscv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅makecvsurecvallcvworkerscvwearcvpropercvprotectivecvgearcvsuchcvascvsafetycvglasse
s,cvgloves,cvhardcvhats,cvhearingcvprotection,cvetc.cvSecond,cvensurecvthatcvequipmentcviscvproperlycvmaint
ainedcvandcvrepaired.cvPropercvhandcvhygiene.cvAvoidingcvhigh-
riskcvbehaviors.cvImmunizations.cvPropercvhomecvpestcvcontrol.cvPropercvdisposalcvofcvhumancvwaste.cvKe
epingcvacvhealthycvworldcvenvironment-avoidcvpollutingcvthecvaircvandcvwatercvwhencvable.
Whatcviscvthecvinfluencecvofcvnursingcvtheorycvoncvacvnurse'scvapproachcvtocvpracticecv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅Nursingcvtheorycvconceptualizescvancvaspectcvofcvnursingcvtocvdescribe,cvexplain,cv
predict,cvprcvprescribecvnursingcvcare.cvTheoriescvoffercvacvframeworkcvforcvassessingcvyourcvpatient'scvsitu
ation,cvandcvhelpcvyoucvtocvrecognizecvandcvanalyzecvcluescvthatcvemergecvfromcvdata
whatcvarecvthecvtypescvofcvnursingcvtheoriescv-cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅-
cvgrandcvtheories:cvabstract,cvbroadcvincvscope,cvandcvcomplexcv-
cvrequirecvfurthercvclarificationcvthoughcvresearchcvtocvtheycvcancvbecvappliedcvtocvnursingcvpracticecv-
cvprovidescvgeneralcvframeworkcvforcvgeneralcvideascvaboutcvnursing.cvEgcvImogenecvKing'scvtheorycvofcvgo
alcvattainment,cvthecvfocuscvofcvnursingcviscvthecvinteractioncvofcvHymancvbeingscvandcvthecvenvironmentcv
withcvancvendcvgoalcvofcvhealth,cvancvNightingalecvwhocvthoughtcvthatcvimprovingcvenvironmentcvandcvnutr
itioncvwouldcvleadcvtocvrestoredcvhealth
-cvMiddle-
rangecvtheories:cvaddresscvspecificcvphenomenoncvandcvreflectcvpractice.cvEgcvKolcaba'scvtheorycvofcvcomf
ortcvencouragescvnursescvtocvmeetcvpt'scvneedscvforcvcomfortcvincvphysical,cvpsychospiritual,cvenvironment
alcvandcvsocioculturalcvrealms
-
cvPracticecvtheories:cvguidecvthecvnursingcvcarecvofcvacvspecificcvpatientcvpopulationcvatcvacvspecificcvtimecve
g.cvpaincvmanagementcvprotocolcvforcvptscvreceivingcvfromcvcardiaccvsurgerycv
-cvDescriptivecvtheories:cvfirstcvlevelcvofcvtheorycvdevelopmentcv-
cvdescribecvphenomenacvandcvidentifycvcircumstancescvincvwhichcvthecvphenomenacvoccurcveg.cvtheoriescv
ofcvgrowthcvandcvdevelopmentcvdescribercvhecvmaturationcvprocesscvofcvancvindividualcvatcvvariouscvages
-
cvPrescriptivecvtheories:cvaddresscvnursingcvinterventionscvforcvacvphenomenon,cvguidecvpracticecvchange,c
vandcvpredictcvthecvconsequencescv-cvhelpscvtocvanticipatecvthecvoutcomescvofcvnursingcvinterventions
whatcviscvthecvrelationshipcvbetweencvnursingcvtheory,cvthecvnursingcvprocess,cvandcvpatientcvneedscv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅Thecvnursingcvprocesscviscvusedcvincvclinicalcvsettingscvtocvdeterminecvindividualcvp
,atientcvneeds,cvandcvprovidescvacvsystematiccvprocesscvforcvthecvdeliverycvofcvnursingcvcare.cvHowever,cvnu
rsescvusecvtheorycvtocvprovidecvdirectioncvincvhowcvtocvusecvthecvnursingcvprocess.cvForcvexample,cvthecvthe
orycvofcvcaringcvinfluencescvwhatcvnursescvneedcvtocvassess,cvhowcvtocvdeterminecvpatientcvneeds,cvhowcvt
ocvplancvcare,cvhowcvtocvselectcvindividualizedcvnursingcvinterventions,cvandcvhowcvtocvevaluatecvpatientcvo
utcomes.
whatcviscvthecvNationalcvCouncilcvofcvStatecvBoardscvofcvNursingcvClinicalcvJudgmentcvModelcv(NCSBN-
CJM)cv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅itcvwascvdevelopedcvtocvhelpcvguidecvnursecveducatorscvincvevaluatingcvnursingcvst
udent'scvabilitiescvtocvmakecvthecvclinicalcvjudgementscvnecessarycvwhencvprovidingcvcompetentcvnursingcv
care.cvThecvmodelcvhascvmultiplecvlayerscvthatcvhelpcvexplaincvthecvcognitivecvprocesscvnursescvusecvtocvma
kecvclinicalcvjudgmentscvtocvguidecvtheircvcarecv
-cvlayercv0:cvdeterminecvclientcvneedscv
-cvlayercv1:cvclinicalcvjudgement
-cvlayercv2:cvformcvacvhypotheses,cvrefinecvhypothesis,cvevaluation
-
cvlayercv3:cvrecognizecvcures,cvanalyzecvcues,cvprioritizecvhypothesis,cvgeneratecvsolutions,cvtakecvactions,cv
evaluatecvoutcomes
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Whatcviscvtheorycvbasedcvnursingcvpracticecv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅youcvapplycvthecvprinciplescvofcvacvtheorycvincvdeliveringcvnursingcvinterventionscv
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-cvmiddlecvrangecvtheoriescvhelpcvtocvadvancecvnursingcvknowledgecvthroughcvnursingcvresearch
-
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ionscvandcvsituations
whatcvarecvthecvbenefitscvofcvevidencecvbasedcvpracticecv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅EBPcvenhancescvpatientcvexperience,cvpatientcvsatisfaction,cvdecreasescvcost,cvem
powerscvclinicians,cvimprovescvpatientcvoutcomes,cvandcvimprovescvthecvqualitycvandcvconsistencycvofcvhe
althcvcare
whatcvarecvthecvstepscvofcvevidencecvbasedcvpracticecv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅0.cvcultivatecvacvspiritcvofcvinquirycvwithincvancvEBPcvculturecvandcvenvironmentcv
, 1.cvaskcvacvclinicalcvquestioncvincvPICOTcvformat
2.cvsearchcvforcvthecvmostcvrelevantcvandcvbestcvevidence
3.cvcriticallycvappraisecvthecvevidencecvyoucvgather
4.cvintegratecvthecvbestcvevidencecvwithcvyourcvclinicalcvexpertisecvandcvpatientcvpreferencescvandcvvaluesc
v
5.cvevaluatecvthecvoutcomescvofcvpracticecvchangescvbasedcvoncvevidence
6.cvcommunicatecvthecvoutcomescvofcvEBPcvdecisioncvorcvchanges
whatcviscvPICOTcvandcvgivecvancvexamplecvofcvacvPICOTcvQuestioncv-
cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅P:cvpatientcvpopulationcvofcvinterestcv(eg.cvage,cvsex,cvethnicity,cvdisease,cvetc)
I:cvinterventioncvorcvareacvofcvinterestcv(eg.cvtx,cvdiagnosticcvtest,cvprognosticcvfactor,cvetc)
C:cvcomparisoncvinterventioncvorcvareacvofcvinterestcv(eg.cvwhatcviscvthecvstandardcvofcvcarecvusecvnowcvincv
practice)
O:cvOutcomescv(whatcviscvthecvdesiredcvresultcvofcvancvinterventioncveg.cvchancecvincvbehavior,cvphysicalcvfi
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T:cvtimecv(whatcvamountcvofcvtimecviscvneededcvforcvancvinterventioncvtocvachievecvancvoutcome)
explaincvthecvlevelscvofcvevidencecvavailablecvincvthecvliteraturecv-cvcorrectcvanswer✅✅-
cvlevelcvIcv=cvsystematiccvreviewcvorcvmetacvanalysiscvorcvrandomizedcvcontrolledcvtrials,cvevidencecvbasedcv
clinicalcvpracticecvguidelines,cvbasedcvoncvsystematiccvreviewscv
-cvlevelcvIIcv=cvwellcvdevelopedcvrandomizedcvcontrolledcvtrials
-cvlevelcvIIIcv=cvcontrolledcvtrialcvwithoutcvrandomizationcv(quasicvexperimentalcvstudy)
-cvlevelcvIVcv=cvsinglecvnon-experimentalcvstudycv(casecvcontrol,cvcorrelational,cvcohortcvstudies)
-cvlevelcvVcv=cvsystematiccvreviewscvofcvdescriptivecvandcvqualitativecvstudies
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cvthecvlevelcvofcvrigscvandcvconfidencecvyoucvcancvhavecvincvthecvevidencecvdecreasescvascvyoucvmovecvdow
ncvthecvlevels-
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